the digestive system part 2 accessory organs… chapter 14 photo credit:...
TRANSCRIPT
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The Digestive System
Part 2
Accessory Organs…
Chapter 14
Photo Credit: science.nationalgeographic.com
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Teeth• We use teeth to
masticate (chew) our food
• We usually have two sets throughout life – baby teeth and permanent teeth
• Classify teeth:o Incisorso Canines (cuspid)o Premolars (bicuspid)o molars
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Anatomy of a Tooth
Enamel is the hardest substance in the human body!
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Tooth Decay
Slide credit: http://www.biologycorner.com
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METH MOUTH
Slide credit: http://www.biologycorner.com
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Slide credit: http://www.biologycorner.com
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Salivary Glands
We have 3 pairs of salivary glands; the parotid, the submandibular, and the sublingual. All three produce saliva, part of which is the enzyme salivary amylase that initiates starch digestion in the mouth
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A Look at Chyme
Chyme is what we call partly digested food as it leaves the stomach; it’s full of good stuff…yum!
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Pancreas• Produces enzymes
that breaks down chyme
• Its solutions are secreted into the duodenum and neutralize the stomach acid
• The pancreas also has an endocrine function – remember insulin and glucagon?
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Liver & Gall Bladder• The liver is the largest
gland in the body – it has many roles in metabolism but in digestion it produces
• Bile – a yellow to green solution that emulsifies fat (breaks big fat globs into little globs)
• Bile is stored in the gall bladder
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GallstonesGallstones can be sharp and cause a lot of pain
Cholesterol in the bile can crystallize if it is stored too long in the gall bladder or too much water is removed
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Peristalsis• You can swallow food
while “standing” on your head
• This is thanks to peristalsis…involuntary waves of contraction/relaxation of your alimentary canal
• Guess what happens when peristalsis goes backwards?