THE DYNAMIC SUN

ASTROPHYSICS AND SPACE SCIENCE LIBRARY

VOLUME 259

EDITORIAL BOARD

Chairman

W. B. BURTON, Sterrewacht, Leiden, P.O. Box 9513, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands Burton@strw.leidenuniv.nl

Executive Committee

J. M. E. KUIJPERS, Faculty of Science, Nijmegen, The Netherlands E. P. J. VAN DEN HEUVEL, Astronomical Institute, University of Amsterdam,

The Netherlands H. VAN DER LAAN, Astronomical Institute, University of Utrecht,

The Netherlands

MEMBERS

1. APPENZELLER, Landessternwarte Heidelberg-Konigstuhl, Germany 1. N. BAHCALL, The Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton, U.S.A.

P. BERTOLA, Universitd di Padova, Italy J. P. CASSINELLI, University of Wisconsin, Madison, U.S.A.

C.1. CESARSKY, Centre d'Etudes de Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France O. ENGVOLD, Institute of Theoretical Astrophysics, University of Oslo, Norway

R. McCRAY, University of Colorado, JlLA, Boulder, U.S.A. P. O. MURDIN, Royal Greenwich Observatory, Cambridge, U.K.

F. PACINI, Istituto Astronomia Arcetri, Firenze, Italy V. RADHAKRISHNAN, Raman Research Institute, Bangalore, India

K. SATO, School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Japan F. H. SHU, University of California, Berkeley, U.S.A.

B. V. SOMOV, Astronomical Institute, Moscow State University, Russia R. A. SUNYAEV, Space Research Institute, Moscow, Russia

Y. TANAKA, Institute of Space & Astronautical Science, Kanagawa, Japan S. TREMAINE, CITA, Princeton University, U.S.A.

N. O. WEISS, University of Cambridge, U.K.

THE DYNAMIC SUN Proceedings of the Summerschool and

Workshop held at the Solar Observatory, Kanzelhohe, Kărnten, Austria,

August 30-September 10, 1999

edited hy

ARNOLD HANSLMEIER

Institute for Geophysies, Alfrophysics alU! Meteomlogv,

Unh'ersify of Gra::., AIIIlria

MAURO MESSEROTII Trie,I'le AHrO/lOmical Ob.\en"alOn, Itah

and

ASTRlD VERONIG

bwifUie for Geophysics, ASlmphysics and Meleorolo/iY,

UnivefIity of G raz, Al/siria

SPRINGER SCIENCE+BUSINESS MEDIA, B.V.

A C.I.P. CataJogue record for this book is available from the Library of Congress.

ISBN 978-94-010-3826-3 ISBN 978-94-010-0760-3 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-94-010-0760-3

Printed on acid-free paper

Ali Rights Reserved © 2001 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht

OriginalLy published by Kluwer Academic Publishers in 2001 Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1 st edition 2001

No part of the material protected by this copyright notice may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical,

inc1uding photocopying, recording or by any information storage and retrieval system, without written permission from the copyright owner.

Table of Contents

Pr'eface

List of Participants

Invited Lectures

Highlights from SOHO and Future Space Missions B. Fleck

Solar Instrumentation O. von der Luhe

Solar Activity Monitoring M. M esserotti

Space Weather and the Earth's Climate N.B. Crosby

Solar Magnetohydrodynamics R. W. Walsh

The Navier-Stokes Equations and their Solution: Convection and Oscillation Excitation

M.P. Rast

Solar Polarimetry and Magnetic Field Measurements J. C. del Toro Iniesta

Contributed Papers

High-Resolution Solar Imaging Using Blind Deconvolution K. Hartkom

The Trieste Solar Radio System: A Surveillance Facility for the Solar Corona

M. Messerotti, P. Zlobec, M. Comari, C. Dainese, L. Demicheli, L. Fomasari, S. Padovan and L. Perla

Deconvolutions and Power Spectra of Solar Granulation K.N. Pikalov and A. Hanslmeier

Computational Methods Concerning the Solar Granulation W. Piitzi, A. Hanslmeier and P.N. Brandt

Solar Activity Monitoring and Flare Alerting at Kanzelhohe Solar Observatory

M. Steinegger', A. Veronig, A. Hanslmeier, M. Messerotti and W. Otruba

v

IX

xi

1

43

69

95

129

155

183

211

215

219

223

227

vi

Analytical Modeling of Composed Cylindrical Magnetic Structures in the Corona

V.M. Cadei, A. Debosscher, M. Messerotti and P. Zlobec

Physical Conditions in Solar Coronal Holes on the Base of Non-LTE Calculations

231

E. Malanushenko and E. Baranovsky 235

X-Ray Limb Flares with Plasma Ejections K. Mikurda, R. Falewicz and P. Pres 239

Coincidences between Magnetic Oscillations and Ha Bright Points

P.P. Moretti, A. Cacciani, M. Messerotti, A. Hanslmeier and W. Otruba 243

Chromospheric Dynamics as can be Inferred from Sumer ISOHO Observations

J. Rybak, A. Kucera, W. Curdt, U. Schiihle and H. Wohl 247

Formation of Coronal Shock Waves B. Vrsnak 251

Onset of Metric and Kilometric Type II Bursts B. Vrsnak 255

Observations of NOAA 8210 Using MOF and DHC of Kanzelhohe Solar Observatory

A. Warmuth, A. Hanslmeier, M. Messerotti, A. Cacciani, P.P. Moretti and W. Otruba 259

On the Rigid Component in the Solar Rotation R. Brajsa, V. Ruidjak, B. Vrsnak, H. Wohl, S. Pohjolainen and S. Urpo 263

The Location of Solar Oscillations in the Photosphere A. Hanslmeier, A. Kucera, .1. Rybak and H. Wohl 267

High Resolution Observations of a Photospheric Light Bridge J. Hirzberger, A. Hanslmeier, J.A. Bonet and M. Vazquez 271

Phases of the 5-min Photospheric Oscillations above Granules and Intergranular Lanes

E. V. Khomenko 275 A Photometric and Magnetic Analysis of the Wilson Effect

M. Steinegger, .l.A. Bonet, M. Vazquez and V. Martinez Pillet 279

Modeling VIRGO Spectral and Bolometric Irradiances with MDI Data

M. Steinegger, A. Hanslmeier, W. Otruba, P.N. Brandt, Z. Eker, C. Wehrli and W. Finsterle

Generated Langmuir Wave Distribution of an Electron Beam Group

C. Estel and G. Mann

Magnetoacoustic Surface Waves at the Base of the Convection Zone

C. Foullon and B. Roberts

Small-Scale Magnetic Elements in 2-D N onstationary Magnetogranulation

A.S. Gadun and S.K. Solanki

Multi-Mode Kink Instability as a Mechanism for a-Spot Formation

M.G. Linton

A Numerical Method for Studies of 3D Coronal Field Structures

Z. Romeou and T. Neukirch

Numerical Modeling of Transition Region Dynamics L. Teriaca and J. G. Doyle

The Effect of Azimuthal Magnetic Field on the Magnetostatic Models of Sunspots

P.B. Tiwari

Comparison of Local and Global Fractal Dimension Determination Methods

A. Veronig, A. Hanslmeier and M. Messerotti

A uthor Index

VB

283

287

291

295

299

303

307

311

315

319

IX

Preface

This book contains the proceedings of the Summerschool and Work­shop The Dynamic Sun held from August 30th to September 10th, 1999, at the Solar Observatory Kanzelhohe, which belongs to the Institute of Geophysics, Astrophysics and Meteorology of the University of Graz, Austria.

This type of conference was the second one held at Kanzelhohe and was again very successful in bringing together experts from specialized topics in solar physics and young scientists and students from different countries. Seven series of lectures were given by invited lecturers, experts in the rele­vant fields and twenty-seven contributions were presented at the workshop by the participants. The scientific topics addressed covered a wide range of subjects, from solar magnetohydrodynamics to the physics of the outer solar atmosphere and from a detailed description of the SORO mission to the space weather.

The selection of the Kanzelhohe Solar Observatory located in Central Europe, Austria, was quite successful, as, on the one hand, it favored the at­tendance of colleagues from the former Eastern countries and, on the other hand, it permitted to present new instrumental developments to the inter­national scientific community, such as the installation of a solar monitoring system at Kanzelhohe.

On behalf of the organizing committee and all the participants, we wish to thank the following organizations and companies for their financial sup­port: The Austrian Bundesministerium fur Wissenschaft und Forschung, Land Karnten, Land Steiermark, European Space Agency (ESA), Markt­gemeinde Treffen, University of Graz, Trieste Astronomical Observatory, Ostreicher Company, Creaso Company. We also acknowledge the Univer­sity of Trieste and its Department of Astronomy for having accorded their scientific sponsorship to the initiative.

Graz, December 2000

Arnold Ranslmeier, Mauro Messerotti and Astrid Veronig

Xl

List of Participants

BAUER Gunter, Graz, Austria (gunter.bauer@kfunigraz.ac.at) BENSBY Thomas, Lund, Sweden (thomas@astro.lu.se) BOBERG Fredrik, Lund, Sweden (fredrik.boberg@astro.lu.se) BRAJSA Roman, Zagreb, Croatia (romanb@geodet.geof.hr) BRUNNER Gerd, Graz, Austria (gerd.brunner@kfunigraz.ac.at) CROSBY Norma, Noordwijk, The Netherlands (ncrosby@wm.estec.esa.nl) ESTEL Cornelia, Potsdam, Germany (cestel@aip.de) FLECK Bernhard, Greenbelt, USA (bfleck@esa.nascom.nasa.gov) FOULLON Claire, St. Andrews, UK (clairef@dcs.st-and.ac.uk) GADUN Aleksey, Kiev, Ukraine (agadun@mao.kiev.ua) GONZI Siegfried, Graz, Austria (siegfried.gonzi@kfunigraz.ac.at) HANSLMEIER Arnold, Graz, Austria (arnold.hanslmeier@kfunigraz.ac.at) HARTKORN Klaus, Freiburg, Germany (hartkorn@kis.uni-freiburg.de) HIRZBERGER Johann, Gottingen, Germany (jhirzbe@uni-sw.gwdg.de) HUBER Klaus, Graz, Austria, (klaus.huber@kfunigraz.ac.at) KHOMENKO Elena, Kiev, Ukraine (khomenko@mao.kiev.ua) KUCERA Ales, Tatranska Lomnica, Slowakia (akucera@ta3.sk) LINTON Mark, Washington, USA (linton@taiyoh.nrl.navy.mil) von der LUHE Oskar, Freiburg, Germany (ovdluhe@kis.uni-freiburg.de) MALANUSHENKO Elena, Crimea, Ukraine (elena@astro.crimea.ua) MESSEROTTI Mauro, Trieste, Italy (messerotti@ts.astro.it) MIKURDA Katarzyna, Wroclav, Poland (mikurda@box43.gnet.pl) MORETTI Pier Francesco, Rome, Italy (pier.francesco.moretti@romal.infn.it) OTRUBA Wolfgang, Kanzelhohe, Austria (otruba@solobskh.ac.at) PIKALOV Konstantin, Kiev, Ukraine (knp@mao.kiev.ua) POTZI Werner, Graz, Austria (werner.poetzi@kfunigraz.ac.at) PUSCHMANN Klaus, La Laguna, Spain (klaus@iac.ll.es) RAST Mark P., Boulder, USA (mprast@ucar.edu) ROMEOU Zaharenia, St. Andrews, UK (zrom@dcs.st-and.ac.uk) RUZDJAK Vladimir, Zagreb, Croatia (vruzdjak@geodet.geof.hr) RYBAK Jan, Tatranska Lomnica, Slowakia (choc@astro.sk) SANCHEZ CUBERES Monica, La Laguna, Spain (msanchez@ll.iac.es) STEINEGGER Michael, Big Bear, USA (michael@bbso.njit.edu) TERIACA Luca, Armagh, UK (lte@star.arm.ac.uk) TIWARI Prithu Bharti, Bangalore, India (sundhan@serc.iisc.ernet.in) del TORO INIESTA Jose Carlos, Granada, Spain (jti@iaa.es) VERONIG Astrid, Graz, Austria (asv@igam.kfunigraz.ac.at) VRSNAK Bojan, Zagreb, Croatia (bvrsnak@geodet.geof.hr) WALSH Robert, St. Andrews, UK (robert@dcs.st-and.ac.uk) WARMUTH Alexander, Graz, Austria (ajw@igam.kfunigraz.ac.at)