CHAPTER 10The Early Days of a New Nation

Part I

Political Parties Political party: A group that shares similar ideas

about what is best for societySpread their ideasTry to elect candidates who agree with those ideas

Constitution says nothing about political parties George Washington disliked them

Feared they would tear country apartBut they even appeared b/w members of his cabinet

○ Cabinet: group of advisors to the President○ Hamilton v. Jefferson

Alexander Hamilton Born poor, fought in revolution Wanted a strong federal government

At one point said we should get rid of states completely

Thought US should have a kingWanted a strong army and navy

○ Use war to increase land Thought we should be a manufacturing

country Distrusted common people

Thomas Jefferson Born rich, governor of VA during revolution Feared a strong federal government

Thought states were necessary for freedomThought a large military would be abused by the

government○ Should be used for defense purposes only

Disliked large cities and factoriesThought freedom could be found in an agricultural

(farm based) society Distrusted the “elite” and thought government

should follow wishes of the people

Hamilton v. Jefferson At first, they worked together harmoniously

Planned the new capital “Washington” Disagreement over federal bank

Question: Did the Constitution give the power to establish its own bank?○ Jefferson: No, it’s not mentioned in the Constitution○ Hamilton: Yes, Constitution doesn’t say we can’t do it

Hamilton was able to win over WashingtonAnd John Adams, the Vice PresidentLed Jefferson to resign as Secretary of State

○ Responsible for international relations and advice

Republican Party Republican Party formed around Jefferson

Shared a dislike for Hamilton and his ideas Republicans: called that because they

believed the government should be a republicRepresentative government

Many farmers, anti-Federalists joinedBecame the party of the commonersJames Madison was among them

Federalists Federalist Party formed around Hamilton Federalists: called that because they

believed in a strong federal government Became the party of the wealthy

John Adams joined The two parties argued in speeches and

newspapersEach side thought only they possessed

American ideals

Daniel Boone Fought for the British in the French and Indian War Married, but he wanted to go out exploring Explored Kentucky & the West

Rich soilBuffalo

Captured by Native Americans along with John StewartEscaped after 7 daysTheir group had gone on without themAttacked by Native Americans again, John Stewart killed

Returned to his family

Daniel Boone Continued… Started a settlement in Kentucky

BoonesboroughBrought his family with them

American Revolution began Captured again by Native Americans

Escaped again Family had left the fort, thinking him dead

He couldn’t go after themFort was under siege by British, Native AmericansBeat back the siege, returned to family

Went back to Kentucky to start another settlementBoone’s StationHad further adventures from there

The Northwest Territory British did not give up their forts in the

Northwest Territory of the USEven after signing the Treaty of Parisi.e. Fort Detroit

British even built new forts on US landsArmed Native Americans to attack US settlements

Washington felt like he could do nothing to stop the BritishThey wouldn’t leave if he askedHe couldn’t risk another war with EnglandWashington decided to defend settlers against

Native American

Trouble in the Northwest Early attacks on the Native Americans

were beaten by Native American surprise attacks

Seemed like US couldn’t defend itself

Major General Anthony Wayne Revolutionary War General Careless about his own safety – “Mad

Anthony” Didn’t attack Native Americans right

awayWanted to see if they could negotiate first

Built Fort Recovery in OhioAble to defend it from Native American

attacks

The Battle of Fallen Timbers Wayne offered peace terms to the Natives

They rejected themHe followed them to beat them in battle

Native Americans went behind a stockade made of fallen treesMany different tribes present

Wayne beat them in under an hourDestroyed their homes and farmsBuilt Fort Wayne in the area

Led to the Treaty of GreenvilleNative Americans sold Indiana and Ohio to US

○ Also Detroit and ChicagoUS settlement of the West expanded