the early utopia

7/31/2019 The Early Utopia

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THE EARLY UTOPIA

TOWN PLANNING


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ROBERT OWENWAS THE PROPRIETOR OF A COTTON MILL INNEW LANARK IN MANCHESTER ,ENGLAND

HE PROPOSED A PLAN FOR A UTOPIANCOMMUNITY

HE WAS SUCCESSFUL IN INTRODUCING THEREFORMS IN WORKING CONDITION ,HOURS,AND WAGES FOR THE WORKERS.

IN 1816, CAME OUT WITH AN UNUSUAL PLANFOR A COOPERATIVE COMMUNITY NEWHARMONY THAT COMBINED - INDUSTRY ANDAGRICULTURE.HE ASSUMED THAT HIS COMMUNITY WOULDBECOME SELF - SUPPORTING AND THEREBYREDUCE THE HEAVY COST OF PUBLIC RELIEF.


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PLANNING FEATUREDWELLINGS WERE GROUPED ABOUT A LARGEOPEN SPACE IN WHICH COMMUNAL BUILDINGSWERE LOCATED .DWELLINGS WERE SURROUNDED BY LARGEGARDEN .

ENTIRE AREA WAS ENCIRCLED BY MAINROADWAYS.FACTORIES AND WORKSHOP WERE LOCATEDALONG THE OUTSIDE BOUNDARY OF THECOMMUNITY ON ONE SIDE.ON THE OTHER SIDE WAS THE AGRICULTUREBELT WHICH RANGED IN SIZE FROM 1000 TO1500 ACRES.WAS DESIGNED FOR ABOUT 1200 PEOPLE


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NEW HARMONY, Posey County , Indiana NEW HARMONY IS A HISTORIC TOWN INPOSEY COUNTY, INDIANA, 15 MILES (24 KM)NORTH OF MOUNT VERNON, ON THE WABASHRIVER.THE COUNTRY-SIDE POPULATION WAS 916.

LOCATED AT 38 7 43 N, 87 56 3 W THE COMMUNITY COVERS AN AREA OF 30,000ACRES (121 KM)

CAUSES OF FAILURE

LACK OF INDIVIDUAL SOVEREIGNTYABSENCE OF PRIVATE PROPERTIES ANDPRIVACYDIFFERENCE OF OPINION, TASTES ANDPURPOSES OF INDIVIDUALSINCREASE IN DEMANDS OF PEOPLE
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Posey_County%2C_Indianahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indianahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indianahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Posey_County%2C_Indiana


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NEW HARMONY, Posey County , Indiana

COMMUNALBUILDINGCOMMUNAL

BLDG

COMMUNALBUILDING

COMMUNALBUILDING

AGRICULTURAL FIELDS

DWELLINGUNITSSURROUNDED BYGARDENS

MAINROADWAY

LARGE OPENSPACE

FACTORIES & WORKSHOPS
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Posey_County%2C_Indianahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indianahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indianahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Posey_County%2C_Indiana


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J.S. BUCKINGHAMANOTHER UTOPIANENGLISH ARCHITECTIN 1849 PUBLISHED ATREATISE ENTITLED

NATIONAL EVILS ANDPRACTICAL REMEDIESIN WHICH HE DESCRIBED HISPLAN FOR A MODEL TOWNFOR AN ASSOCIATED

TEMPERANCE COMMUNITYOF ABOUT 10,000INHABITANTS .


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PLANNING FEATURECREATEDDISTINCTIONAMONGSTVARIOUSCLASSES

HE PLACEDFINNER HOUSENEAR THECENTRE OF HISTOWN.

THE HUMBLERDWELLINGS ANDWORKSHOPS OFTHE WORKINGCLASS ABOUTTHE PERIPHERY.

LOWER CLASSDWELLING

W

ORKSHOP

INDUSTRIESSUPERIOR DWELLINGS


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MODEL TOWN

WITH THE DESIRABILITY OF GOOD HOUSINGFOR THE INDUSTRIAL WORKERSSTIMULATED BY UNEXECUTED PROPSALS OFTHE UTOPIANSINDUSTRIALISTS UNDERTOOK TO BUILT MODELTOWNSMANY TOWNS WERE ESTABLISHED


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School, bath,dinning halls

Central square

1000 house 20 ft wide

24 mansion80 ft wide

Public building churches

120 houses 54 ft wide

Winterpromenadarcade

Arcade for workshop

560 houses,28ft wide

Retail shops

296 houses,38 ft wide

TYPICAL PLAN


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BESS BROOKAGRICUTURALFIELDS

HOUSING FOR WORKERS

INDUSTRIES


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BESS BROOKAGRICUTURALFIELDS

HOUSINGFOR

WORKER WITH

GARDENSIN FRONT

INDUSTRIES


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BOURNEVILLESOUTH SIDE OF BIRMINGHAM, ENGLANDGEOGRE CADBURY, ENGLISH CHOCOLATEMANUFACTURER SHIFTED HIS PLANT TO THISSMALL TOWN

CONTAINS 2,000 DWELLINGUNITSWELL PLANNED HOUSESBIG GARDENS


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PORT SUNLIGHT

IN 1886, LEVER BROTHER, FAMOUS SOAPMANUFACTURER, BUILT PORT SUNLIGHT NEARLIVERPOOL

LARGE BLOCKS WERE USED AS INTERIORGARDENSAND PLAY AREASTOTAL SITE AREA WAS 550 ACRESA FUTURE- RUNNER OF FUTURE PLANNING


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PORT SUNLIGHT

IN 1886, LEVER BROTHER, FAMOUS SOAPMANUFACTURER, BUILT PORT SUNLIGHT NEARLIVERPOOL

LARGE BLOCKS WERE USED AS INTERIORGARDENSAND PLAY AREASTOTAL SITE AREA WAS 550 ACRESA FUTURE- RUNNER OF FUTURE PLANNING


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PORT SUNLIGHT


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PORT SUNLIGHT


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OUTCOMESDID NOT CONTRIBUTED MUCH TO THEPROBLEM OF HOUSING IN FACTORY CENTREDEMONSTRATED MSOME INTERNAL PLANNINGARRANGEMENTNO CITY PLANNING DURING THIS AREAINDUSTRIAL EXPANSION BLOTTED THEORIGINAL PLANS OF THE CITIESDISTINCTION BETWEEN MAJOR AND MINORARTERIES IS SHOWN IN SOME OF THEEARLIER PLANSGRID IRON PLAN CAME INTO EXISTENCETHE PATTERN OF LAND DIVISION WASTHOROUGHLY BOUND WITHIN LEGAL ASPECTSNATURAL FEATURES RIVERS, MOUNTAINSAND VALLEY WERE IGNORED.


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BIBLIOGRAPHYOur soursc material includes :-

The Urban Pattern BY A.B.GULLIAN

Net sourcewikipedia.com `www.dictionary.com/encyclopedia

http://www.reference.com/
http://www.dictionary.com/encyclopediahttp://www.reference.com/http://www.reference.com/http://www.dictionary.com/encyclopedia

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