the earth and its peoples 3 rd edition chapter 26 land empires in the age of imperialism, 1800-1870...

The Earth and Its Peoples

3rdedition

Chapter 26

Land Empires in the Age of Imperialism,

1800-1870

Cover Slide

Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

Empress Dowager, 1862-1908In the 1860s and 1870s, Cixi was a supporter of reform. After the 1880s, known as the "Empress Dowager," she was widely regarded as corrupt and self-centered, and as an obstacle to reform. Her greatest allies were the court eunuchs. Introduced to palace life in early China as managers of the imperial harem, eunuchs became powerful political parties at court. The first Qin emperors refused to allow the eunuchs any political influence, but by Cixi's time the eunuchs were once again a political force. (Courtesy, Freer Gallery, Smithsonian Institution)

Empress Dowager, 1862-1908


Maxim gunThese two representatives of the Qing Empire visited northern England after the great Chinese civil war, called the Taiping Rebellion, to examine and, if possible, purchase new weapons. They posed for a photograph after the famous Maxim gun shot a tree in half. (Peter Newark's Military Pictures)

Maxim gun


Nanjing encircled (Qing), 1864The Taiping movement arose to drive the Manchu conquerors, the Qing, out of China. For a decade the Taipings held the city of Nanjing as their capital. For years Qing and international troops attempted to break the Taiping hold. By the summer of 1864, Qing forces had built tunnels leading to the foundations of Nanjing's city walls and had planted explosives. The detonation of the explosives signaled the final Qing assault on the rebel capital. As shown here, the common people of the city, along with their starving livestock, were caught in the crossfire. Many of the Taiping leaders escaped the debacle at Nanjing, but nearly all were hunted down and executed. (Roger-Viollet/Getty Images)

Nanjing encircled (Qing), 1864


Pashim Halim receives Archduke of AustriaAs this painting of Pasha Halim receiving Archduke Maximilian of Austria suggests, Ottoman leaders became well-versed in European languages and culture. They also mastered the game of power politics, playing one European state off against another and securing the Ottoman Empire's survival. The black servants on the right may be slaves from the Sudan. (G. Dagli-Orti/The Art Archive)

Pashim Halim receives Archduke of Austria


Queen Min of KoreaAn ambitious and successful politician, Queen Min promoted the dominance of her family clan. She also led the effort to resist Japan and maintain Korean independence. In 1895 Japanese troops, acting under orders, stormed the palace, murdered Queen Min, and burned her body. Japanese pressure on Korea was relentless until the end of World War II. (Courtesy, Yushin Yoo)

Queen Min of Korea


Western warehouses, Canton harborTrade with Europe was carefully regulated by the Chinese imperial government, the Manchu Dynasty. It required all foreign merchants to live in the southern city of Canton and to buy and sell only to the local merchant monopoly. For years the little community of foreign merchants in Canton had to accept the Chinese system. Here we see Western warehouses and offices, with their respective flags flying, in Canton Harbor in the nineteenth century. (Courtesy of Peabody Essex Museum)

Western warehouses, Canton harbor


Map: Conflicts in the Qing Empire, 1839-1870

Conflicts in the Qing Empire, 1839-1870In both the Opium War of 1839-1842 and the Arrow War of 1856-1860, the sea coasts saw most of the action. Since the Qing had no imperial navy, the well-armed British ships encountered little resistance as they shelled the southern coasts. In inland conflicts, such as the Taiping Rebellion, the opposing armies were massive and slow moving. Battles on land were often prolonged attempts by one side to starve out the other side before making a major assault. (Copyright (c) Houghton Mifflin Company. All Rights Reserved.)


Map: The Disintegration of the Ottoman Empire, 1829-1914

The Disintegration of the Ottoman Empire, 1829-1914At its height the Ottoman Empire controlled most of the perimeter of the Mediterranean Sea. But in the 1800s Ottoman territory shrank as many countries gained their independence--frequently with the aid of France or Russia. The Black Sea, which left the Turkish coast vulnerable to assault by the Russian navy, was a weak spot intensely contested in the Crimean dispute. (Copyright (c) Houghton Mifflin Company. All Rights Reserved.)


the earth and its peoples 3 rd edition chapter 26 land empires in the age of imperialism, 1800-1870...

Documents

qing empire

qing forces

years qing

city of nanjing

final qing assault

court eunuchs

taiping leaders

taiping movement