the earth/atmosphere system equilibrium & extreme events

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The Earth/Atmosphere System Equilibrium & Extreme Events

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Page 1: The Earth/Atmosphere System Equilibrium & Extreme Events

The Earth/Atmosphere

System

The Earth/Atmosphere

System

Equilibrium & Extreme Events

Page 2: The Earth/Atmosphere System Equilibrium & Extreme Events

©2004 P. Samson - University of Michigan

6378 km

About 80% the the atmosphere exists in the first 10 km.

That represents less than one pixel in this image.

Page 3: The Earth/Atmosphere System Equilibrium & Extreme Events

©2004 P. Samson - University of Michigan

Systems

SourceSource

units

ReceptorReceptorReceptorReceptor

units

units/timeunits/time

Page 4: The Earth/Atmosphere System Equilibrium & Extreme Events

©2004 P. Samson - University of Michigan

Blackbody

A blackbody is a hypothetical object capable of absorbing all the electromagnetic radiation falling on it.

Page 5: The Earth/Atmosphere System Equilibrium & Extreme Events

©2004 P. Samson - University of Michigan

DaisyWorld

Page 6: The Earth/Atmosphere System Equilibrium & Extreme Events

©2004 P. Samson - University of Michigan

DaisyWorld

Page 7: The Earth/Atmosphere System Equilibrium & Extreme Events

©2004 P. Samson - University of Michigan

DaisyWorld

Page 8: The Earth/Atmosphere System Equilibrium & Extreme Events

©2004 P. Samson - University of Michigan

DaisyWorld

Page 9: The Earth/Atmosphere System Equilibrium & Extreme Events

©2004 P. Samson - University of Michigan

DaisyWorld

Page 10: The Earth/Atmosphere System Equilibrium & Extreme Events

©2004 P. Samson - University of Michigan

Negative Feedback Loop

DaisyWorld

Page 11: The Earth/Atmosphere System Equilibrium & Extreme Events

©2004 P. Samson - University of Michigan

DaisyWorld

Page 12: The Earth/Atmosphere System Equilibrium & Extreme Events

©2004 P. Samson - University of Michigan

System Stability

Page 13: The Earth/Atmosphere System Equilibrium & Extreme Events

©2004 P. Samson - University of Michigan

System Stability

Page 14: The Earth/Atmosphere System Equilibrium & Extreme Events

©2004 P. Samson - University of Michigan

Positive Feedbacks

CO2Increases

Warmer Atmosphere

Warmer Ocean

Less CO2

Uptake

Page 15: The Earth/Atmosphere System Equilibrium & Extreme Events

©2004 P. Samson - University of Michigan

Compound Feedbacks

CO2Increases

Warmer Atmosphere

More Moisture in Atmosphere

More Air Conditioning

Demand

Increased Infrared

Absorption

Page 16: The Earth/Atmosphere System Equilibrium & Extreme Events

©2004 P. Samson - University of Michigan

Positive Feedbacks

Higher Albedo

CO2Increases

Warmer Atmosphere

More Moisture in Atmosphere

More Air Conditioning

Demand

Increased Infrared

Absorption

More Clouds

Low Clouds

Cooler Atmosphere

High Clouds

Page 17: The Earth/Atmosphere System Equilibrium & Extreme Events

©2004 P. Samson - University of Michigan

Dimethyl Sulfide [(CH3)2S]

Phytoplankton Increase

(CH3)2S

SO2

SO4

Phytoplankton Decrease

Page 18: The Earth/Atmosphere System Equilibrium & Extreme Events

©2004 P. Samson - University of Michigan

Feedbacks

Page 19: The Earth/Atmosphere System Equilibrium & Extreme Events

©2004 P. Samson - University of Michigan

Changes in Extreme Events:

Page 20: The Earth/Atmosphere System Equilibrium & Extreme Events

©2004 P. Samson - University of Michigan

Changes in Extreme Events:

Page 21: The Earth/Atmosphere System Equilibrium & Extreme Events

©2004 P. Samson - University of Michigan

Changes in Extreme Events:

Page 22: The Earth/Atmosphere System Equilibrium & Extreme Events

Global ChangeGlobal Change

in the Big Housein the Big House

Saturday, September 24 12:00 p.m.

Saturday, September 24 12:00 p.m.