the effect of background music to college student’ academic performance
TRANSCRIPT
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The Effect of Background Music to College Student’ Academic Performance
De La Salle University – ManillaAn Empirical Paper Presented to Faculty of the Economics Department School of Economics
In Partial Requirements of Econometrics 1 (ECONMET)
Submitted to: Dr. Cesar C. RufinoSubmitted by: Kimberlyn T. Tiu, September 6, 2013
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Gulam: Executive Summary
• The study explained whether there is significant relationship between background music to academic performance of college students.
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Chapter 1Background
• Everyone has music. It can be different from one person to another (Titon, 2009).
• It can increase productivity and minimize boredom (Paretti & Swenson, 1974).
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Statement of The Research Problem
• The study attempts to identify whether the background music has an effect to the academic performance of the selected random college students.
• In the study, the dependent variable is academic performance of the students, while the independent variables are sex (gender), length of time studying per week, length of time listening music
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Scope and Limitation
• Data set of obtained for study was taken from 35 random college students who were based in the Philippines.
• The Result of the study can’t be used to generalize however it is true for those who have taken the survey.
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Chapter 2Review of Related Literature
• Music• Music is something that is produce by men
that can be form into a work of art or complement the activities (Titon, 2009).
• Music was defined as a form of entertainment that lessens boredom (Milliman, 1982).
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Type of Music General
• Pop Music• Rock• Classical• R n B• Country• Jazz or Blues• Hip-hop• Modern Folk
• Electronic• Asian• Comedy• Caribbean and Latin
American
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Luthfy: Chapter 3Operational Framework
• Variables Used In the StudyCumulative Grade Point Average (cGPA)Biological Gender (Sex)Music in a week (MWk)Studying in a week (SWk)Pop music Genre (Dgmpop)
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Figure of Rational Framework
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Variables
Independent Variables
• Sex• Listening to music per week• Studying per week• Pop Music Genre
They are the factors that can stand on its own.
Dependent Variables
• cGPA
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Figure 3.2Model Specification & Hypothesis
Hypothesis• Null Hypothesis: There is no significant relationship between background
music and acemeic performance of college students.• Alternative Hypotesis: There is a significant relationship between background
music and acemeic performance of college students.
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Chapter 4Methodology
• Flowchart
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Method of Data Analysis
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Bele: Chapter 5Data Collection Summary and Regression
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Initial Ordinary Least Square Regression
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Multicollinearity & Heteroscedasticity Testing
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Linearity TestRamsey’s RESET Test
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Normality Testing
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Summary of The TestingMulticollinearity, Heteroscedasticity, Linearity, and
Normality
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Vera: Chapter 6Conclusion
• In the result and discussion, two variables (listening to music per week and pop music genre) have shown to have significant effect on the student’s academic performance.
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Recommendation
• The proponent suggested the study can be improve by add more variables since there can be factors that might be beneficiary which the proponent did not cover.
• Studies such as one music genre (Rock, Classical and more) to academic performance can be one example. The sampling can be focused in one educational institution.