The Election SurveyGeneratel Information and Guidelines

Dear Country Expert,This document is intended to complement the online survey on Elections. Please consultit when answering the election-specific questions. The survey only contains the historicaldates. The list below also specifies the election types for those dates.If you find any inconsistencies please do not hesitate to contact your Project Coordinatoror anyone of us at contact@v-dem.net.

Country Historical Date Type of ElectionAfghanistan 2005-09-18 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Afghanistan 2009-08-20 Presidential, first or only round.Afghanistan 2010-09-18 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Afghanistan 2014-04-05 Presidential, first or only round.Afghanistan 2014-06-14 Presidential, second round.Afghanistan 2018-10-20 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Afghanistan 2019-09-28 Presidential, first or only round.Albania 2005-07-03 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Albania 2009-06-28 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Albania 2013-06-23 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Albania 2017-06-25 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Algeria 2007-05-17 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Algeria 2009-04-09 Presidential, first or only round.Algeria 2012-05-10 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Algeria 2014-04-17 Presidential, first or only round.Algeria 2017-05-04 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Algeria 2019-12-12 Presidential, first or only round.

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Country Historical Date Type of ElectionAngola 2008-09-05 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Angola 2012-08-31 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Angola 2017-08-23 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Argentina 2005-10-23 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Argentina 2007-10-28 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Argentina 2007-10-28 Presidential, first or only round.Argentina 2009-06-28 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Argentina 2011-10-23 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Argentina 2011-10-23 Presidential, first or only round.Argentina 2013-10-27 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Argentina 2015-10-25 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Argentina 2015-10-25 Presidential, first or only round.Argentina 2015-11-22 Presidential, second round.Argentina 2017-10-29 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Argentina 2019-10-27 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Argentina 2019-10-27 Presidential, first or only round.Armenia 2007-05-12 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Armenia 2008-02-19 Presidential, first or only round.Armenia 2012-05-06 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Armenia 2013-02-18 Presidential, first or only round.Armenia 2017-04-02 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Armenia 2018-12-09 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Australia 2007-11-24 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.

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Country Historical Date Type of ElectionAustralia 2010-08-21 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Australia 2013-09-07 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Australia 2016-07-02 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Australia 2019-05-18 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Austria 2006-10-01 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Austria 2008-09-28 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Austria 2010-04-25 Presidential, first or only round.Austria 2013-09-29 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Austria 2016-04-24 Presidential, first or only round.Austria 2016-05-22 Presidential, second round.Austria 2016-12-04 Presidential, second round.Austria 2017-10-15 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Austria 2019-09-29 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Azerbaijan 2005-11-06 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Azerbaijan 2008-10-15 Presidential, first or only round.Azerbaijan 2010-11-07 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Azerbaijan 2013-10-09 Presidential, first or only round.Azerbaijan 2015-11-01 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Azerbaijan 2018-04-11 Presidential, first or only round.Bahrain 2006-11-25 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Bahrain 2006-12-02 Legislative; lower, sole, or both

chambers, second round.Bahrain 2010-10-23 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Bahrain 2010-10-30 Legislative; lower, sole, or both

chambers, second round.

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Country Historical Date Type of ElectionBahrain 2014-11-22 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Bahrain 2014-11-29 Legislative; lower, sole, or both

chambers, second round.Bahrain 2018-11-24 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Bahrain 2018-12-01 Legislative; lower, sole, or both

chambers, second round.Bangladesh 2008-12-29 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Bangladesh 2014-01-05 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Bangladesh 2018-12-30 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Barbados 2008-01-15 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Barbados 2013-02-21 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Barbados 2018-05-24 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Belarus 2006-03-19 Presidential, first or only round.Belarus 2008-09-28 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Belarus 2010-12-19 Presidential, first or only round.Belarus 2012-09-23 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Belarus 2015-10-11 Presidential, first or only round.Belarus 2016-09-11 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Belarus 2019-11-17 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Belgium 2007-06-10 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Belgium 2010-06-13 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Belgium 2014-05-25 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Belgium 2019-05-26 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.

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Country Historical Date Type of ElectionBenin 2006-03-05 Presidential, first or only round.Benin 2006-03-19 Presidential, second round.Benin 2007-03-31 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Benin 2011-03-13 Presidential, first or only round.Benin 2011-04-30 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Benin 2015-04-26 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Benin 2016-03-06 Presidential, first or only round.Benin 2016-03-20 Presidential, second round.Benin 2019-04-28 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Bhutan 2008-03-24 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Bhutan 2013-05-31 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Bhutan 2013-07-13 Legislative; lower, sole, or both

chambers, second round.Bhutan 2018-09-15 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Bhutan 2018-10-18 Legislative; lower, sole, or both

chambers, second round.Bolivia 2005-12-18 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Bolivia 2005-12-18 Presidential, first or only round.Bolivia 2006-07-02 Constituent Assembly, first or only

round.Bolivia 2009-12-06 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Bolivia 2009-12-06 Presidential, first or only round.Bolivia 2014-10-12 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Bolivia 2014-10-12 Presidential, first or only round.Bolivia 2019-10-20 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Bolivia 2019-10-20 Presidential, first or only round.Bosnia andHerzegovina

2006-10-01 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,first or only round.

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Country Historical Date Type of ElectionBosnia andHerzegovina

2006-10-01 Presidential, first or only round.

Bosnia andHerzegovina

2010-10-03 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,first or only round.

Bosnia andHerzegovina

2010-10-03 Presidential, first or only round.

Bosnia andHerzegovina

2014-10-12 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,first or only round.

Bosnia andHerzegovina

2014-10-12 Presidential, first or only round.

Bosnia andHerzegovina

2018-10-07 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,first or only round.

Bosnia andHerzegovina

2018-10-07 Presidential, first or only round.

Botswana 2009-10-16 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,first or only round.

Botswana 2014-10-24 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,first or only round.

Botswana 2019-10-23 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,first or only round.

Botswana 2019-10-23 Presidential, first or only round.Brazil 2006-10-01 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Brazil 2006-10-01 Presidential, first or only round.Brazil 2006-10-29 Presidential, second round.Brazil 2010-10-03 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Brazil 2010-10-03 Presidential, first or only round.Brazil 2010-10-31 Presidential, second round.Brazil 2014-10-05 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Brazil 2014-10-05 Presidential, first or only round.Brazil 2014-10-26 Presidential, second round.Brazil 2018-10-07 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Brazil 2018-10-07 Presidential, first or only round.Brazil 2018-10-28 Presidential, second round.Bulgaria 2005-06-25 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.

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Country Historical Date Type of ElectionBulgaria 2006-10-22 Presidential, first or only round.Bulgaria 2006-10-29 Presidential, second round.Bulgaria 2009-07-05 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Bulgaria 2011-10-23 Presidential, first or only round.Bulgaria 2011-10-30 Presidential, second round.Bulgaria 2013-05-12 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Bulgaria 2014-10-05 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Bulgaria 2016-11-06 Presidential, first or only round.Bulgaria 2016-11-13 Presidential, second round.Bulgaria 2017-03-26 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Burkina Faso 2005-11-13 Presidential, first or only round.Burkina Faso 2007-05-06 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Burkina Faso 2010-11-21 Presidential, first or only round.Burkina Faso 2012-12-02 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Burkina Faso 2015-11-29 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Burkina Faso 2015-11-29 Presidential, first or only round.Burma/Myanmar 2010-11-07 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Burma/Myanmar 2012-04-01 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Burma/Myanmar 2015-11-08 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Burundi 2005-07-04 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Burundi 2010-06-28 Presidential, first or only round.Burundi 2010-07-23 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Burundi 2015-06-29 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Burundi 2015-07-21 Presidential, first or only round.Cambodia 2008-07-27 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.

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Country Historical Date Type of ElectionCambodia 2013-07-28 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Cambodia 2018-07-29 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Cameroon 2007-07-22 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Cameroon 2011-10-09 Presidential, first or only round.Cameroon 2013-09-30 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Cameroon 2018-10-07 Presidential, first or only round.Canada 2006-01-23 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Canada 2008-10-14 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Canada 2011-05-02 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Canada 2015-10-19 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Canada 2019-10-21 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Cape Verde 2006-01-22 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Cape Verde 2006-02-12 Presidential, first or only round.Cape Verde 2011-02-06 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Cape Verde 2011-08-07 Presidential, first or only round.Cape Verde 2011-08-21 Presidential, second round.Cape Verde 2016-03-20 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Cape Verde 2016-10-02 Presidential, first or only round.Central AfricanRepublic

2005-03-13 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,first or only round.

Central AfricanRepublic

2005-03-13 Presidential, first or only round.

Central AfricanRepublic

2005-05-08 Legislative; lower, sole, or bothchambers, second round.

Central AfricanRepublic

2005-05-08 Presidential, second round.

Central AfricanRepublic

2011-01-23 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,first or only round.

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Country Historical Date Type of ElectionCentral AfricanRepublic

2011-01-23 Presidential, first or only round.

Central AfricanRepublic

2011-03-27 Legislative; lower, sole, or bothchambers, second round.

Central AfricanRepublic

2015-12-30 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,first or only round.

Central AfricanRepublic

2015-12-30 Presidential, first or only round.

Central AfricanRepublic

2016-02-14 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,first or only round.

Central AfricanRepublic

2016-02-14 Presidential, second round.

Central AfricanRepublic

2016-03-31 Legislative; lower, sole, or bothchambers, second round.

Chad 2006-05-03 Presidential, first or only round.Chad 2011-02-13 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Chad 2011-04-25 Presidential, first or only round.Chad 2016-04-10 Presidential, first or only round.Chile 2005-12-11 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Chile 2005-12-11 Presidential, first or only round.Chile 2006-01-15 Presidential, second round.Chile 2009-12-13 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Chile 2009-12-13 Presidential, first or only round.Chile 2010-01-17 Presidential, second round.Chile 2013-11-17 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Chile 2013-11-17 Presidential, first or only round.Chile 2013-12-15 Presidential, first or only round.Chile 2017-11-19 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Chile 2017-11-19 Presidential, first or only round.Chile 2017-12-17 Presidential, second round.Colombia 2006-03-12 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Colombia 2006-05-28 Presidential, first or only round.Colombia 2010-03-14 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.

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Country Historical Date Type of ElectionColombia 2010-05-30 Presidential, first or only round.Colombia 2010-06-20 Presidential, second round.Colombia 2014-03-09 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Colombia 2014-05-25 Presidential, first or only round.Colombia 2014-06-15 Presidential, second round.Colombia 2018-03-11 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Colombia 2018-05-27 Presidential, first or only round.Colombia 2018-06-17 Presidential, second round.Comoros 2006-05-14 Presidential, first or only round.Comoros 2009-12-06 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Comoros 2009-12-20 Legislative; lower, sole, or both

chambers, second round.Comoros 2010-12-07 Presidential, first or only round.Comoros 2010-12-26 Presidential, second round.Comoros 2015-01-25 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Comoros 2015-02-22 Legislative; lower, sole, or both

chambers, second round.Comoros 2016-02-21 Presidential, first or only round.Comoros 2016-04-10 Presidential, second round.Comoros 2019-03-24 Presidential, first or only round.Costa Rica 2006-02-05 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Costa Rica 2006-02-05 Presidential, first or only round.Costa Rica 2010-02-07 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Costa Rica 2010-02-07 Presidential, first or only round.Costa Rica 2014-02-02 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Costa Rica 2014-02-02 Presidential, first or only round.Costa Rica 2014-04-06 Presidential, second round.Costa Rica 2018-02-04 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Costa Rica 2018-02-04 Presidential, first or only round.Costa Rica 2018-04-01 Presidential, second round.Croatia 2005-01-02 Presidential, first or only round.

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Country Historical Date Type of ElectionCroatia 2005-01-16 Presidential, second round.Croatia 2007-11-25 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Croatia 2009-12-27 Presidential, first or only round.Croatia 2010-01-10 Presidential, second round.Croatia 2011-12-04 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Croatia 2014-12-28 Presidential, first or only round.Croatia 2015-01-11 Presidential, second round.Croatia 2015-11-08 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Croatia 2016-09-11 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Croatia 2019-12-22 Presidential, first or only round.Cuba 2008-01-20 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Cuba 2013-02-03 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Cuba 2018-03-11 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Cyprus 2006-05-21 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Cyprus 2008-02-17 Presidential, first or only round.Cyprus 2008-02-24 Presidential, second round.Cyprus 2011-05-22 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Cyprus 2013-02-17 Presidential, first or only round.Cyprus 2013-02-24 Presidential, second round.Cyprus 2016-05-22 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Cyprus 2018-01-28 Presidential, first or only round.Cyprus 2018-02-04 Presidential, second round.Czech Republic 2006-06-02 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Czech Republic 2010-05-28 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Czech Republic 2013-01-11 Presidential, first or only round.Czech Republic 2013-01-25 Presidential, second round.Czech Republic 2013-10-25 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.

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Country Historical Date Type of ElectionCzech Republic 2017-10-20 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Czech Republic 2018-01-12 Presidential, first or only round.Czech Republic 2018-01-26 Presidential, second round.DemocraticRepublic of theCongo

2006-07-30 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,first or only round.

DemocraticRepublic of theCongo

2006-07-30 Presidential, first or only round.

DemocraticRepublic of theCongo

2006-10-29 Presidential, second round.

DemocraticRepublic of theCongo

2011-11-28 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,first or only round.

DemocraticRepublic of theCongo

2011-11-28 Presidential, first or only round.

DemocraticRepublic of theCongo

2018-12-30 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,first or only round.

DemocraticRepublic of theCongo

2018-12-30 Presidential, first or only round.

Denmark 2005-02-08 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,first or only round.

Denmark 2007-11-13 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,first or only round.

Denmark 2011-09-15 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,first or only round.

Denmark 2015-06-18 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,first or only round.

Denmark 2019-06-05 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,first or only round.

Djibouti 2005-04-08 Presidential, first or only round.Djibouti 2008-02-08 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Djibouti 2011-04-08 Presidential, first or only round.

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Country Historical Date Type of ElectionDjibouti 2013-02-22 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Djibouti 2016-04-08 Presidential, first or only round.Djibouti 2018-02-23 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.DominicanRepublic

2006-05-16 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,first or only round.

DominicanRepublic

2008-05-16 Presidential, first or only round.

DominicanRepublic

2010-05-16 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,first or only round.

DominicanRepublic

2012-05-20 Presidential, first or only round.

DominicanRepublic

2016-05-15 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,first or only round.

DominicanRepublic

2016-05-15 Presidential, first or only round.

Ecuador 2006-10-15 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,first or only round.

Ecuador 2006-10-15 Presidential, first or only round.Ecuador 2006-11-26 Presidential, second round.Ecuador 2007-09-30 Constituent Assembly, first or only

round.Ecuador 2008-10-29 Constituent Assembly, first or only

round.Ecuador 2009-04-26 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Ecuador 2009-04-26 Presidential, first or only round.Ecuador 2013-02-17 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Ecuador 2013-02-17 Presidential, first or only round.Ecuador 2017-02-19 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Ecuador 2017-02-19 Presidential, first or only round.Ecuador 2017-04-02 Presidential, second round.Egypt 2005-09-07 Presidential, first or only round.Egypt 2005-11-09 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Egypt 2005-11-20 Legislative; lower, sole, or both

chambers, second round.

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Country Historical Date Type of ElectionEgypt 2010-11-28 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Egypt 2010-12-05 Legislative; lower, sole, or both

chambers, second round.Egypt 2011-11-28 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Egypt 2011-12-14 Legislative; lower, sole, or both

chambers, second round.Egypt 2012-05-23 Presidential, first or only round.Egypt 2012-06-16 Presidential, second round.Egypt 2014-05-26 Presidential, first or only round.Egypt 2015-10-17 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Egypt 2015-12-02 Legislative; lower, sole, or both

chambers, second round.Egypt 2018-03-26 Presidential, first or only round.El Salvador 2006-03-12 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.El Salvador 2009-01-18 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.El Salvador 2009-03-15 Presidential, first or only round.El Salvador 2012-03-11 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.El Salvador 2014-02-02 Presidential, first or only round.El Salvador 2014-03-09 Presidential, second round.El Salvador 2015-03-01 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.El Salvador 2018-03-04 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.El Salvador 2019-02-03 Presidential, first or only round.Equatorial Guinea 2008-05-04 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Equatorial Guinea 2009-11-29 Presidential, first or only round.Equatorial Guinea 2013-05-26 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Equatorial Guinea 2016-04-24 Presidential, first or only round.Estonia 2007-03-04 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Estonia 2011-03-06 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.

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Country Historical Date Type of ElectionEstonia 2015-03-01 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Estonia 2019-03-03 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Eswatini 2008-09-19 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Eswatini 2013-09-20 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Eswatini 2018-09-21 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Ethiopia 2005-05-15 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Ethiopia 2010-05-23 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Ethiopia 2015-05-24 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Fiji 2006-05-06 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Fiji 2014-09-17 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Fiji 2018-11-14 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Finland 2006-01-15 Presidential, first or only round.Finland 2006-01-29 Presidential, second round.Finland 2007-03-18 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Finland 2011-04-17 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Finland 2012-01-22 Presidential, first or only round.Finland 2012-02-05 Presidential, second round.Finland 2015-04-19 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Finland 2018-01-28 Presidential, first or only round.Finland 2019-04-14 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.France 2007-04-22 Presidential, first or only round.France 2007-05-06 Presidential, second round.France 2007-06-10 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.

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Country Historical Date Type of ElectionFrance 2007-06-17 Legislative; lower, sole, or both

chambers, second round.France 2012-04-22 Presidential, first or only round.France 2012-05-06 Presidential, second round.France 2012-06-10 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.France 2012-06-17 Legislative; lower, sole, or both

chambers, second round.France 2017-04-23 Presidential, first or only round.France 2017-05-07 Presidential, second round.France 2017-06-11 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.France 2017-06-18 Legislative; lower, sole, or both

chambers, second round.Gabon 2005-11-27 Presidential, first or only round.Gabon 2006-12-17 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Gabon 2009-08-30 Presidential, first or only round.Gabon 2011-12-17 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Gabon 2016-08-27 Presidential, first or only round.Gabon 2018-10-06 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Gabon 2018-10-27 Legislative; lower, sole, or both

chambers, second round.Georgia 2008-01-05 Presidential, first or only round.Georgia 2008-05-21 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Georgia 2012-10-01 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Georgia 2013-10-27 Presidential, first or only round.Georgia 2016-10-08 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Georgia 2016-10-30 Legislative; lower, sole, or both

chambers, second round.Georgia 2018-10-28 Presidential, first or only round.Georgia 2018-11-28 Presidential, second round.Germany 2005-09-18 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.

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Country Historical Date Type of ElectionGermany 2009-09-27 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Germany 2013-09-22 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Germany 2017-09-24 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Ghana 2008-12-07 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Ghana 2008-12-07 Presidential, first or only round.Ghana 2008-12-28 Presidential, second round.Ghana 2012-12-07 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Ghana 2012-12-07 Presidential, first or only round.Ghana 2016-12-07 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Ghana 2016-12-07 Presidential, first or only round.Greece 2007-09-16 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Greece 2009-10-04 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Greece 2012-05-06 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Greece 2012-06-17 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Greece 2015-01-25 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Greece 2015-09-20 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Greece 2019-07-07 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Guatemala 2007-09-09 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Guatemala 2007-09-09 Presidential, first or only round.Guatemala 2007-11-04 Presidential, second round.Guatemala 2011-09-11 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Guatemala 2011-09-11 Presidential, first or only round.Guatemala 2011-11-06 Presidential, second round.Guatemala 2015-09-06 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.

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Country Historical Date Type of ElectionGuatemala 2015-09-06 Presidential, first or only round.Guatemala 2015-10-25 Presidential, second round.Guatemala 2019-06-16 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Guatemala 2019-06-16 Presidential, first or only round.Guatemala 2019-08-11 Presidential, second round.Guinea 2010-06-27 Presidential, first or only round.Guinea 2010-11-07 Presidential, second round.Guinea 2013-09-28 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Guinea 2015-10-11 Presidential, first or only round.Guinea-Bissau 2005-06-19 Presidential, first or only round.Guinea-Bissau 2005-07-24 Presidential, second round.Guinea-Bissau 2008-11-16 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Guinea-Bissau 2009-06-28 Presidential, first or only round.Guinea-Bissau 2009-07-26 Presidential, second round.Guinea-Bissau 2012-03-18 Presidential, first or only round.Guinea-Bissau 2014-04-13 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Guinea-Bissau 2014-04-13 Presidential, first or only round.Guinea-Bissau 2014-05-18 Presidential, second round.Guinea-Bissau 2019-03-10 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Guinea-Bissau 2019-11-24 Presidential, first or only round.Guinea-Bissau 2019-12-29 Presidential, second round.Guyana 2006-08-28 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Guyana 2011-11-28 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Guyana 2015-05-11 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Haiti 2006-02-07 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Haiti 2006-02-07 Presidential, first or only round.Haiti 2006-04-21 Legislative; lower, sole, or both

chambers, second round.Haiti 2010-11-28 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.

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Country Historical Date Type of ElectionHaiti 2010-11-28 Presidential, first or only round.Haiti 2011-03-20 Legislative; lower, sole, or both

chambers, second round.Haiti 2011-03-20 Presidential, second round.Haiti 2015-08-09 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Haiti 2015-10-25 Legislative; lower, sole, or both

chambers, second round.Haiti 2015-10-25 Presidential, first or only round.Haiti 2016-11-20 Presidential, first or only round.Honduras 2005-11-27 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Honduras 2005-11-27 Presidential, first or only round.Honduras 2009-11-29 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Honduras 2009-11-29 Presidential, first or only round.Honduras 2013-11-24 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Honduras 2013-11-24 Presidential, first or only round.Honduras 2017-11-26 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Honduras 2017-11-26 Presidential, first or only round.Hong Kong 2008-09-07 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Hong Kong 2012-09-09 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Hong Kong 2016-09-04 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Hungary 2006-04-09 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Hungary 2006-04-23 Legislative; lower, sole, or both

chambers, second round.Hungary 2010-04-11 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Hungary 2010-04-25 Legislative; lower, sole, or both

chambers, second round.Hungary 2014-04-06 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Hungary 2018-04-08 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.

www.v-dem.netcontact@v-dem.net

Country Historical Date Type of ElectionIceland 2007-05-12 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Iceland 2009-04-25 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Iceland 2012-06-30 Presidential, first or only round.Iceland 2013-04-27 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Iceland 2016-06-25 Presidential, first or only round.Iceland 2016-10-29 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Iceland 2017-10-28 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.India 2009-04-16 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.India 2014-04-07 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.India 2019-04-11 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Indonesia 2009-04-09 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Indonesia 2009-07-08 Presidential, first or only round.Indonesia 2014-04-09 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Indonesia 2014-07-09 Presidential, first or only round.Indonesia 2019-04-17 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Indonesia 2019-04-17 Presidential, first or only round.Iran 2005-06-17 Presidential, first or only round.Iran 2005-06-24 Presidential, second round.Iran 2008-03-14 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Iran 2008-04-25 Legislative; lower, sole, or both

chambers, second round.Iran 2009-06-12 Presidential, first or only round.Iran 2012-03-02 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Iran 2012-05-04 Legislative; lower, sole, or both

chambers, second round.Iran 2013-06-14 Presidential, first or only round.

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Country Historical Date Type of ElectionIran 2016-02-26 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Iran 2016-04-29 Legislative; lower, sole, or both

chambers, second round.Iran 2017-05-19 Presidential, first or only round.Iraq 2005-01-30 Constituent Assembly, first or only

round.Iraq 2005-12-15 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Iraq 2010-03-07 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Iraq 2014-04-30 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Iraq 2018-05-12 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Ireland 2007-05-24 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Ireland 2011-02-25 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Ireland 2011-10-27 Presidential, first or only round.Ireland 2016-02-26 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Ireland 2018-10-26 Presidential, first or only round.Israel 2006-03-28 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Israel 2009-02-10 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Israel 2013-01-22 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Israel 2015-03-17 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Israel 2019-04-09 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Israel 2019-09-17 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Italy 2006-04-09 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Italy 2008-04-13 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.

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Country Historical Date Type of ElectionItaly 2013-02-24 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Italy 2018-03-04 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Ivory Coast 2010-10-31 Presidential, first or only round.Ivory Coast 2010-11-28 Presidential, second round.Ivory Coast 2011-12-11 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Ivory Coast 2015-10-25 Presidential, first or only round.Ivory Coast 2016-12-18 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Jamaica 2007-09-03 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Jamaica 2011-12-29 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Jamaica 2016-02-25 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Japan 2005-09-11 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Japan 2009-08-30 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Japan 2012-12-16 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Japan 2014-12-14 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Japan 2017-10-22 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Jordan 2007-11-20 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Jordan 2010-11-09 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Jordan 2013-01-23 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Jordan 2016-09-20 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Kazakhstan 2005-12-04 Presidential, first or only round.Kazakhstan 2007-08-18 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Kazakhstan 2011-04-03 Presidential, first or only round.

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Country Historical Date Type of ElectionKazakhstan 2012-01-15 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Kazakhstan 2015-04-26 Presidential, first or only round.Kazakhstan 2016-03-20 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Kazakhstan 2019-06-09 Presidential, first or only round.Kenya 2007-12-27 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Kenya 2007-12-27 Presidential, first or only round.Kenya 2013-03-04 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Kenya 2013-03-04 Presidential, first or only round.Kenya 2017-08-08 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Kenya 2017-08-08 Presidential, first or only round.Kenya 2017-10-26 Presidential, first or only round.Kosovo 2007-11-17 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Kosovo 2010-12-12 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Kosovo 2014-06-08 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Kosovo 2017-06-11 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Kosovo 2019-10-06 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Kuwait 2006-06-29 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Kuwait 2008-05-17 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Kuwait 2009-05-16 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Kuwait 2012-02-02 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Kuwait 2012-12-01 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Kuwait 2013-07-27 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Kuwait 2016-11-26 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.

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Country Historical Date Type of ElectionKyrgyzstan 2005-02-27 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Kyrgyzstan 2005-03-13 Legislative; lower, sole, or both

chambers, second round.Kyrgyzstan 2005-07-10 Presidential, first or only round.Kyrgyzstan 2007-12-16 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Kyrgyzstan 2009-07-23 Presidential, first or only round.Kyrgyzstan 2010-10-10 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Kyrgyzstan 2011-10-30 Presidential, first or only round.Kyrgyzstan 2015-10-04 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Kyrgyzstan 2017-10-15 Presidential, first or only round.Laos 2006-04-30 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Laos 2011-04-30 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Laos 2016-03-20 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Latvia 2006-10-07 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Latvia 2010-10-02 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Latvia 2011-09-17 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Latvia 2014-10-04 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Latvia 2018-10-06 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Lebanon 2005-05-28 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Lebanon 2009-06-07 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Lebanon 2018-05-06 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Lesotho 2007-02-17 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Lesotho 2012-05-26 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.

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Country Historical Date Type of ElectionLesotho 2015-02-28 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Lesotho 2017-06-03 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Liberia 2005-10-11 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Liberia 2005-10-11 Presidential, first or only round.Liberia 2005-11-08 Presidential, second round.Liberia 2011-10-11 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Liberia 2011-10-11 Presidential, first or only round.Liberia 2011-11-08 Presidential, second round.Liberia 2017-10-10 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Liberia 2017-10-10 Presidential, first or only round.Liberia 2017-12-26 Presidential, second round.Libya 2012-07-07 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Libya 2014-02-20 Constituent Assembly, first or only

round.Libya 2014-06-25 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Lithuania 2008-10-12 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Lithuania 2008-10-26 Legislative; lower, sole, or both

chambers, second round.Lithuania 2009-05-17 Presidential, first or only round.Lithuania 2012-10-14 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Lithuania 2012-10-28 Legislative; lower, sole, or both

chambers, second round.Lithuania 2014-05-11 Presidential, first or only round.Lithuania 2014-05-25 Presidential, second round.Lithuania 2016-10-09 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Lithuania 2016-10-23 Legislative; lower, sole, or both

chambers, second round.Lithuania 2019-05-12 Presidential, first or only round.Lithuania 2019-05-26 Presidential, second round.

www.v-dem.netcontact@v-dem.net

Country Historical Date Type of ElectionLuxembourg 2009-06-07 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Luxembourg 2013-10-20 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Luxembourg 2018-10-14 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Madagascar 2006-12-03 Presidential, first or only round.Madagascar 2007-09-23 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Madagascar 2013-10-25 Presidential, first or only round.Madagascar 2013-12-20 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Madagascar 2013-12-20 Presidential, second round.Madagascar 2018-11-07 Presidential, first or only round.Madagascar 2018-12-19 Presidential, second round.Madagascar 2019-05-27 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Malawi 2009-05-19 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Malawi 2009-05-19 Presidential, first or only round.Malawi 2014-05-20 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Malawi 2014-05-20 Presidential, first or only round.Malawi 2019-05-21 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Malawi 2019-05-21 Presidential, first or only round.Malaysia 2008-03-08 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Malaysia 2013-05-05 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Malaysia 2018-05-09 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Maldives 2005-01-22 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Maldives 2008-10-08 Presidential, first or only round.Maldives 2008-10-28 Presidential, second round.Maldives 2009-05-09 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Maldives 2013-09-07 Presidential, first or only round.

www.v-dem.netcontact@v-dem.net

Country Historical Date Type of ElectionMaldives 2013-11-09 Presidential, first or only round.Maldives 2013-11-16 Presidential, second round.Maldives 2014-03-22 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Maldives 2018-09-23 Presidential, first or only round.Maldives 2019-04-06 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Mali 2007-04-29 Presidential, first or only round.Mali 2007-07-01 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Mali 2007-07-22 Legislative; lower, sole, or both

chambers, second round.Mali 2013-07-28 Presidential, first or only round.Mali 2013-08-11 Presidential, second round.Mali 2013-11-24 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Mali 2013-12-15 Legislative; lower, sole, or both

chambers, second round.Mali 2018-07-29 Presidential, first or only round.Mali 2018-08-12 Presidential, second round.Malta 2008-03-08 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Malta 2013-03-09 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Malta 2017-06-03 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Mauritania 2006-11-19 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Mauritania 2006-12-03 Legislative; lower, sole, or both

chambers, second round.Mauritania 2007-03-11 Presidential, first or only round.Mauritania 2007-03-25 Presidential, second round.Mauritania 2009-07-18 Presidential, first or only round.Mauritania 2013-11-23 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Mauritania 2013-12-21 Legislative; lower, sole, or both

chambers, second round.Mauritania 2014-06-21 Presidential, first or only round.Mauritania 2018-09-01 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.

www.v-dem.netcontact@v-dem.net

Country Historical Date Type of ElectionMauritania 2019-06-22 Presidential, first or only round.Mauritius 2005-07-03 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Mauritius 2010-05-05 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Mauritius 2014-12-10 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Mauritius 2019-11-07 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Mexico 2006-07-02 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Mexico 2006-07-02 Presidential, first or only round.Mexico 2009-07-05 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Mexico 2012-07-01 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Mexico 2012-07-01 Presidential, first or only round.Mexico 2015-06-07 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Mexico 2018-07-01 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Mexico 2018-07-01 Presidential, first or only round.Moldova 2005-03-06 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Moldova 2009-04-05 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Moldova 2009-07-29 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Moldova 2010-11-28 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Moldova 2014-11-30 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Moldova 2016-10-30 Presidential, first or only round.Moldova 2016-11-13 Presidential, second round.Moldova 2019-02-24 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Mongolia 2005-05-22 Presidential, first or only round.Mongolia 2008-06-29 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.

www.v-dem.netcontact@v-dem.net

Country Historical Date Type of ElectionMongolia 2009-05-24 Presidential, first or only round.Mongolia 2012-06-28 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Mongolia 2013-06-26 Presidential, first or only round.Mongolia 2016-06-29 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Mongolia 2017-06-26 Presidential, first or only round.Mongolia 2017-07-09 Presidential, second round.Montenegro 2006-09-10 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Montenegro 2008-04-06 Presidential, first or only round.Montenegro 2009-03-29 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Montenegro 2012-10-14 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Montenegro 2013-04-07 Presidential, first or only round.Montenegro 2016-10-16 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Montenegro 2018-04-15 Presidential, first or only round.Morocco 2007-09-07 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Morocco 2011-11-25 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Morocco 2016-10-07 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Mozambique 2009-10-28 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Mozambique 2009-10-28 Presidential, first or only round.Mozambique 2014-10-15 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Mozambique 2014-10-15 Presidential, first or only round.Mozambique 2019-10-15 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Mozambique 2019-10-15 Presidential, first or only round.Namibia 2009-11-27 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Namibia 2009-11-27 Presidential, first or only round.Namibia 2014-11-28 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.

www.v-dem.netcontact@v-dem.net

Country Historical Date Type of ElectionNamibia 2014-11-28 Presidential, first or only round.Namibia 2019-11-27 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Nepal 2008-04-10 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Nepal 2013-11-19 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Nepal 2017-11-26 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Nepal 2017-12-07 Legislative; lower, sole, or both

chambers, second round.Netherlands 2006-11-22 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Netherlands 2010-06-09 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Netherlands 2012-09-12 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Netherlands 2017-03-15 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.New Zealand 2005-09-17 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.New Zealand 2008-11-08 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.New Zealand 2011-11-26 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.New Zealand 2014-09-20 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.New Zealand 2017-09-23 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Nicaragua 2006-11-05 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Nicaragua 2006-11-05 Presidential, first or only round.Nicaragua 2011-11-06 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Nicaragua 2011-11-06 Presidential, first or only round.Nicaragua 2016-11-06 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Nicaragua 2016-11-06 Presidential, first or only round.Niger 2009-10-20 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.

www.v-dem.netcontact@v-dem.net

Country Historical Date Type of ElectionNiger 2011-01-31 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Niger 2011-01-31 Presidential, first or only round.Niger 2011-03-12 Presidential, second round.Niger 2016-02-21 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Niger 2016-02-21 Presidential, first or only round.Niger 2016-03-20 Presidential, second round.Nigeria 2007-04-21 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Nigeria 2007-04-21 Presidential, first or only round.Nigeria 2011-04-09 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Nigeria 2011-04-16 Presidential, first or only round.Nigeria 2015-03-28 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Nigeria 2015-03-28 Presidential, first or only round.Nigeria 2019-02-23 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Nigeria 2019-02-23 Presidential, first or only round.North Korea 2009-03-08 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.North Korea 2014-03-09 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.North Korea 2019-03-10 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.North Macedonia 2006-07-05 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.North Macedonia 2008-06-01 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.North Macedonia 2009-03-22 Presidential, first or only round.North Macedonia 2009-04-05 Presidential, second round.North Macedonia 2011-06-05 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.North Macedonia 2014-04-13 Presidential, first or only round.North Macedonia 2014-04-27 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.North Macedonia 2014-04-27 Presidential, second round.North Macedonia 2016-12-11 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.

www.v-dem.netcontact@v-dem.net

Country Historical Date Type of ElectionNorth Macedonia 2019-04-21 Presidential, first or only round.North Macedonia 2019-05-05 Presidential, second round.Norway 2005-09-12 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Norway 2009-09-14 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Norway 2013-09-08 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Norway 2017-09-11 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Oman 2007-10-27 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Oman 2011-10-15 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Oman 2015-10-25 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Oman 2019-10-27 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Pakistan 2008-02-18 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Pakistan 2013-05-11 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Pakistan 2018-07-25 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Palestine/WestBank

2005-01-09 Presidential, first or only round.

Palestine/WestBank

2006-01-25 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,first or only round.

Panama 2009-05-03 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,first or only round.

Panama 2009-05-03 Presidential, first or only round.Panama 2014-05-04 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Panama 2014-05-04 Presidential, first or only round.Panama 2019-05-05 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Panama 2019-05-05 Presidential, first or only round.Papua NewGuinea

2007-06-30 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,first or only round.

www.v-dem.netcontact@v-dem.net

Country Historical Date Type of ElectionPapua NewGuinea

2012-06-23 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,first or only round.

Papua NewGuinea

2017-06-24 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,first or only round.

Papua NewGuinea

2017-07-08 Legislative; lower, sole, or bothchambers, second round.

Paraguay 2008-04-20 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,first or only round.

Paraguay 2008-04-20 Presidential, first or only round.Paraguay 2013-04-21 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Paraguay 2013-04-21 Presidential, first or only round.Paraguay 2018-04-22 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Paraguay 2018-04-22 Presidential, first or only round.Peru 2006-04-09 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Peru 2006-04-09 Presidential, first or only round.Peru 2006-06-04 Presidential, second round.Peru 2011-04-10 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Peru 2011-04-10 Presidential, first or only round.Peru 2011-06-05 Presidential, second round.Peru 2016-04-10 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Peru 2016-04-10 Presidential, first or only round.Peru 2016-06-05 Presidential, second round.Philippines 2007-05-14 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Philippines 2010-05-10 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Philippines 2010-05-10 Presidential, first or only round.Philippines 2013-05-13 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Philippines 2016-05-09 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Philippines 2016-05-09 Presidential, first or only round.Philippines 2019-05-13 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.

www.v-dem.netcontact@v-dem.net

Country Historical Date Type of ElectionPoland 2005-09-25 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Poland 2005-10-09 Presidential, first or only round.Poland 2005-10-23 Presidential, second round.Poland 2007-10-21 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Poland 2010-06-20 Presidential, first or only round.Poland 2010-07-04 Presidential, second round.Poland 2011-10-09 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Poland 2015-05-10 Presidential, first or only round.Poland 2015-05-24 Presidential, second round.Poland 2015-10-25 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Poland 2019-10-13 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Portugal 2005-02-20 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Portugal 2006-01-22 Presidential, first or only round.Portugal 2009-09-27 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Portugal 2011-01-23 Presidential, first or only round.Portugal 2011-06-05 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Portugal 2015-10-04 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Portugal 2016-01-24 Presidential, first or only round.Portugal 2019-10-06 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Republic of theCongo

2007-06-24 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,first or only round.

Republic of theCongo

2007-08-05 Legislative; lower, sole, or bothchambers, second round.

Republic of theCongo

2009-07-12 Presidential, first or only round.

Republic of theCongo

2012-07-15 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,first or only round.

Republic of theCongo

2012-07-29 Legislative; lower, sole, or bothchambers, second round.

www.v-dem.netcontact@v-dem.net

Country Historical Date Type of ElectionRepublic of theCongo

2016-03-20 Presidential, first or only round.

Republic of theCongo

2017-07-16 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,first or only round.

Republic of theCongo

2017-07-30 Legislative; lower, sole, or bothchambers, second round.

Romania 2008-11-30 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,first or only round.

Romania 2009-11-22 Presidential, first or only round.Romania 2009-12-06 Presidential, second round.Romania 2012-12-09 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Romania 2014-11-02 Presidential, first or only round.Romania 2014-11-16 Presidential, second round.Romania 2016-12-11 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Romania 2019-11-10 Presidential, first or only round.Romania 2019-11-24 Presidential, second round.Russia 2007-12-02 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Russia 2008-03-02 Presidential, first or only round.Russia 2011-12-04 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Russia 2012-03-04 Presidential, first or only round.Russia 2016-09-18 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Russia 2018-03-18 Presidential, first or only round.Rwanda 2008-09-15 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Rwanda 2010-08-09 Presidential, first or only round.Rwanda 2013-09-16 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Rwanda 2017-08-04 Presidential, first or only round.Rwanda 2018-09-02 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Sao Tome andPrincipe

2006-03-26 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,first or only round.

Sao Tome andPrincipe

2006-04-02 Legislative; lower, sole, or bothchambers, second round.

www.v-dem.netcontact@v-dem.net

Country Historical Date Type of ElectionSao Tome andPrincipe

2006-07-30 Presidential, first or only round.

Sao Tome andPrincipe

2010-08-01 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,first or only round.

Sao Tome andPrincipe

2011-07-17 Presidential, first or only round.

Sao Tome andPrincipe

2011-08-07 Presidential, second round.

Sao Tome andPrincipe

2014-10-12 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,first or only round.

Sao Tome andPrincipe

2016-07-17 Presidential, first or only round.

Sao Tome andPrincipe

2016-08-07 Presidential, second round.

Sao Tome andPrincipe

2018-10-07 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,first or only round.

Senegal 2007-02-25 Presidential, first or only round.Senegal 2007-06-03 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Senegal 2012-02-26 Presidential, first or only round.Senegal 2012-03-25 Presidential, second round.Senegal 2012-07-01 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Senegal 2017-07-30 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Senegal 2019-02-24 Presidential, first or only round.Serbia 2007-01-21 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Serbia 2008-01-20 Presidential, first or only round.Serbia 2008-02-03 Presidential, second round.Serbia 2008-05-11 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Serbia 2012-05-06 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Serbia 2012-05-06 Presidential, first or only round.Serbia 2012-05-20 Presidential, second round.Serbia 2014-03-16 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Serbia 2016-04-24 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.

www.v-dem.netcontact@v-dem.net

Country Historical Date Type of ElectionSerbia 2017-04-02 Presidential, first or only round.Seychelles 2006-07-28 Presidential, first or only round.Seychelles 2007-05-10 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Seychelles 2011-05-19 Presidential, first or only round.Seychelles 2011-09-29 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Seychelles 2015-12-03 Presidential, first or only round.Seychelles 2015-12-16 Presidential, second round.Seychelles 2016-09-08 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Sierra Leone 2007-08-11 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Sierra Leone 2007-08-11 Presidential, first or only round.Sierra Leone 2007-09-08 Presidential, second round.Sierra Leone 2012-11-17 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Sierra Leone 2012-11-17 Presidential, first or only round.Sierra Leone 2018-03-07 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Sierra Leone 2018-03-07 Presidential, first or only round.Sierra Leone 2018-03-31 Presidential, second round.Singapore 2006-05-06 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Singapore 2011-05-07 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Singapore 2011-08-27 Presidential, first or only round.Singapore 2015-09-11 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Singapore 2017-09-23 Presidential, first or only round.Slovakia 2006-06-17 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Slovakia 2009-03-21 Presidential, first or only round.Slovakia 2009-04-04 Presidential, second round.Slovakia 2010-06-12 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Slovakia 2012-03-10 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Slovakia 2014-03-15 Presidential, first or only round.

www.v-dem.netcontact@v-dem.net

Country Historical Date Type of ElectionSlovakia 2014-03-29 Presidential, second round.Slovakia 2016-03-05 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Slovakia 2019-03-16 Presidential, first or only round.Slovakia 2019-03-30 Presidential, second round.Slovenia 2007-10-21 Presidential, first or only round.Slovenia 2007-11-11 Presidential, second round.Slovenia 2008-09-21 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Slovenia 2011-12-04 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Slovenia 2012-11-11 Presidential, first or only round.Slovenia 2012-12-02 Presidential, second round.Slovenia 2014-07-13 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Slovenia 2017-10-22 Presidential, first or only round.Slovenia 2017-11-12 Presidential, second round.Slovenia 2018-06-03 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Solomon Islands 2006-04-05 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Solomon Islands 2010-08-04 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Solomon Islands 2014-11-19 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Solomon Islands 2019-04-03 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Somalia 2017-02-08 Presidential, second round.Somaliland 2005-09-29 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Somaliland 2010-06-26 Presidential, first or only round.Somaliland 2017-11-13 Presidential, first or only round.South Africa 2009-04-22 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.South Africa 2014-05-07 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.South Africa 2019-05-08 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.South Korea 2007-12-19 Presidential, first or only round.

www.v-dem.netcontact@v-dem.net

Country Historical Date Type of ElectionSouth Korea 2008-04-09 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.South Korea 2012-04-11 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.South Korea 2012-12-19 Presidential, first or only round.South Korea 2016-04-13 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.South Korea 2017-05-09 Presidential, first or only round.Spain 2008-03-09 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Spain 2011-11-20 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Spain 2015-12-20 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Spain 2016-06-26 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Spain 2019-04-28 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Spain 2019-11-10 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Sri Lanka 2005-11-17 Presidential, first or only round.Sri Lanka 2010-01-26 Presidential, first or only round.Sri Lanka 2010-04-08 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Sri Lanka 2015-01-08 Presidential, first or only round.Sri Lanka 2015-08-17 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Sri Lanka 2019-11-16 Presidential, first or only round.Sudan 2010-04-11 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Sudan 2010-04-11 Presidential, first or only round.Sudan 2015-04-13 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Sudan 2015-04-13 Presidential, first or only round.Suriname 2005-05-25 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Suriname 2010-05-25 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Suriname 2015-05-25 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.

www.v-dem.netcontact@v-dem.net

Country Historical Date Type of ElectionSweden 2006-09-17 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Sweden 2010-09-19 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Sweden 2014-09-14 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Sweden 2018-09-09 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Switzerland 2007-10-21 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Switzerland 2011-10-23 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Switzerland 2015-10-18 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Switzerland 2019-10-20 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Syria 2007-04-22 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Syria 2007-05-27 Presidential, first or only round.Syria 2012-05-07 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Syria 2014-06-03 Presidential, first or only round.Syria 2016-04-13 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Taiwan 2005-05-14 Constituent Assembly, first or only

round.Taiwan 2008-01-12 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Taiwan 2008-03-22 Presidential, first or only round.Taiwan 2010-01-09 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Taiwan 2012-01-14 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Taiwan 2012-01-14 Presidential, first or only round.Taiwan 2016-01-16 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Taiwan 2016-01-16 Presidential, first or only round.Tajikistan 2005-02-27 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.

www.v-dem.netcontact@v-dem.net

Country Historical Date Type of ElectionTajikistan 2005-03-12 Legislative; lower, sole, or both

chambers, second round.Tajikistan 2006-11-06 Presidential, first or only round.Tajikistan 2010-02-28 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Tajikistan 2010-03-14 Legislative; lower, sole, or both

chambers, second round.Tajikistan 2013-11-06 Presidential, first or only round.Tajikistan 2015-03-01 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Tanzania 2005-12-14 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Tanzania 2005-12-14 Presidential, first or only round.Tanzania 2010-10-31 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Tanzania 2010-10-31 Presidential, first or only round.Tanzania 2015-10-25 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Tanzania 2015-10-25 Presidential, first or only round.Thailand 2005-02-06 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Thailand 2007-12-23 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Thailand 2011-07-03 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Thailand 2014-02-02 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Thailand 2019-03-24 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.The Gambia 2006-09-22 Presidential, first or only round.The Gambia 2007-01-25 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.The Gambia 2011-11-24 Presidential, first or only round.The Gambia 2012-03-29 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.The Gambia 2016-12-01 Presidential, first or only round.The Gambia 2017-04-06 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Timor-Leste 2007-04-09 Presidential, first or only round.

www.v-dem.netcontact@v-dem.net

Country Historical Date Type of ElectionTimor-Leste 2007-05-09 Presidential, second round.Timor-Leste 2007-06-30 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Timor-Leste 2012-03-17 Presidential, first or only round.Timor-Leste 2012-04-16 Presidential, second round.Timor-Leste 2012-07-07 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Timor-Leste 2017-03-20 Presidential, first or only round.Timor-Leste 2017-07-22 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Timor-Leste 2018-05-12 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Togo 2005-04-24 Presidential, first or only round.Togo 2007-10-14 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Togo 2010-03-04 Presidential, first or only round.Togo 2013-07-25 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Togo 2015-04-25 Presidential, first or only round.Togo 2018-12-20 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Trinidad andTobago

2007-11-05 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,first or only round.

Trinidad andTobago

2010-05-24 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,first or only round.

Trinidad andTobago

2015-09-07 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,first or only round.

Tunisia 2009-10-25 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,first or only round.

Tunisia 2009-10-25 Presidential, first or only round.Tunisia 2011-10-23 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Tunisia 2014-10-26 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Tunisia 2014-11-23 Presidential, first or only round.Tunisia 2014-12-21 Presidential, second round.Tunisia 2019-09-15 Presidential, first or only round.Tunisia 2019-10-06 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.

www.v-dem.netcontact@v-dem.net

Country Historical Date Type of ElectionTunisia 2019-10-13 Presidential, second round.Turkey 2007-07-22 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Turkey 2011-06-12 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Turkey 2014-08-10 Presidential, first or only round.Turkey 2015-06-07 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Turkey 2015-11-01 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Turkey 2018-06-24 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Turkey 2018-06-24 Presidential, first or only round.Turkmenistan 2005-01-09 Legislative; lower, sole, or both

chambers, second round.Turkmenistan 2007-02-11 Presidential, first or only round.Turkmenistan 2008-12-14 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Turkmenistan 2008-12-28 Legislative; lower, sole, or both

chambers, second round.Turkmenistan 2012-02-12 Presidential, first or only round.Turkmenistan 2013-12-15 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Turkmenistan 2017-02-12 Presidential, first or only round.Turkmenistan 2018-03-25 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Uganda 2006-02-23 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Uganda 2006-02-23 Presidential, first or only round.Uganda 2011-02-18 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Uganda 2011-02-18 Presidential, first or only round.Uganda 2016-02-18 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Uganda 2016-02-18 Presidential, first or only round.Ukraine 2006-03-26 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Ukraine 2007-09-30 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.

www.v-dem.netcontact@v-dem.net

Country Historical Date Type of ElectionUkraine 2010-01-17 Presidential, first or only round.Ukraine 2010-02-07 Presidential, second round.Ukraine 2012-10-28 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Ukraine 2014-05-25 Presidential, first or only round.Ukraine 2014-10-26 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Ukraine 2019-03-31 Presidential, first or only round.Ukraine 2019-04-21 Presidential, second round.Ukraine 2019-07-21 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.United ArabEmirates

2006-12-20 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,first or only round.

United ArabEmirates

2011-09-24 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,first or only round.

United ArabEmirates

2015-10-03 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,first or only round.

United ArabEmirates

2019-10-05 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,first or only round.

United Kingdom 2005-05-05 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,first or only round.

United Kingdom 2010-05-06 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,first or only round.

United Kingdom 2015-05-07 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,first or only round.

United Kingdom 2017-06-08 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,first or only round.

United Kingdom 2019-12-12 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,first or only round.

United States ofAmerica

2006-11-07 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,first or only round.

United States ofAmerica

2008-11-04 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,first or only round.

United States ofAmerica

2008-11-04 Presidential, first or only round.

United States ofAmerica

2010-11-02 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,first or only round.

United States ofAmerica

2012-11-06 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,first or only round.

www.v-dem.netcontact@v-dem.net

Country Historical Date Type of ElectionUnited States ofAmerica

2012-11-06 Presidential, first or only round.

United States ofAmerica

2014-11-04 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,first or only round.

United States ofAmerica

2016-11-08 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,first or only round.

United States ofAmerica

2016-11-08 Presidential, first or only round.

United States ofAmerica

2018-11-06 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,first or only round.

Uruguay 2009-10-25 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,first or only round.

Uruguay 2009-10-25 Presidential, first or only round.Uruguay 2009-11-29 Presidential, second round.Uruguay 2014-10-26 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Uruguay 2014-10-26 Presidential, first or only round.Uruguay 2014-11-30 Presidential, second round.Uruguay 2019-10-27 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Uruguay 2019-10-27 Presidential, first or only round.Uruguay 2019-11-24 Presidential, second round.Uzbekistan 2005-01-09 Legislative; lower, sole, or both

chambers, second round.Uzbekistan 2007-12-23 Presidential, first or only round.Uzbekistan 2009-12-27 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Uzbekistan 2010-01-10 Legislative; lower, sole, or both

chambers, second round.Uzbekistan 2014-12-21 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Uzbekistan 2015-01-04 Legislative; lower, sole, or both

chambers, second round.Uzbekistan 2015-03-29 Presidential, first or only round.Uzbekistan 2016-12-04 Presidential, first or only round.Uzbekistan 2019-12-22 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Vanuatu 2008-09-02 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.

www.v-dem.netcontact@v-dem.net

Country Historical Date Type of ElectionVanuatu 2012-10-30 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Vanuatu 2016-01-22 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Venezuela 2005-12-04 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Venezuela 2006-12-03 Presidential, first or only round.Venezuela 2010-09-26 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Venezuela 2012-10-07 Presidential, first or only round.Venezuela 2013-04-14 Presidential, first or only round.Venezuela 2015-12-06 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Venezuela 2017-07-30 Constituent Assembly, first or only

round.Venezuela 2018-05-20 Presidential, first or only round.Vietnam 2007-05-20 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Vietnam 2011-05-22 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Vietnam 2016-05-22 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Yemen 2006-09-20 Presidential, first or only round.Yemen 2012-02-21 Presidential, first or only round.Zambia 2006-09-28 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Zambia 2006-09-28 Presidential, first or only round.Zambia 2008-10-30 Presidential, first or only round.Zambia 2011-09-20 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Zambia 2011-09-20 Presidential, first or only round.Zambia 2015-01-20 Presidential, first or only round.Zambia 2016-08-11 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Zambia 2016-08-11 Presidential, first or only round.Zanzibar 2005-12-14 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Zanzibar 2005-12-14 Presidential, first or only round.Zanzibar 2010-10-31 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.

www.v-dem.netcontact@v-dem.net

Country Historical Date Type of ElectionZanzibar 2010-10-31 Presidential, first or only round.Zanzibar 2015-10-25 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Zanzibar 2015-10-25 Presidential, first or only round.Zanzibar 2016-03-20 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Zanzibar 2016-03-20 Presidential, first or only round.Zimbabwe 2005-03-31 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Zimbabwe 2008-03-29 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Zimbabwe 2008-03-29 Presidential, first or only round.Zimbabwe 2008-06-27 Presidential, second round.Zimbabwe 2013-07-31 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Zimbabwe 2013-07-31 Presidential, first or only round.Zimbabwe 2018-07-30 Legislative; lower, sole, or both chamber,

first or only round.Zimbabwe 2018-07-30 Presidential, first or only round.

www.v-dem.netcontact@v-dem.net