the electric power system - cigre · of high voltage transmission system ... support of tso to...

Thailand Power System 1

The Electric Power System

- Thailand -


Basic facts Area: 513,000 km2 (198,000 sq mi), Population: 65,931,550 (2016) Number of electricity consumers (2016):

22.5 million households Number of TSOs: 1 Number of DSOs: 2 Peak load (May 2016): 30.97 GW Average interruption of electricity (2016):

143.41 minutes / delivery points / year

sources : Thailand National Statistical Office, Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand (EGAT), Metropolitan Electricity Authority (MEA), Provincial Electricity Authority (PEA),Enery Policy & Planning Office (EPPO)

Location of Thailand (green)in ASEAN (dark grey)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Location_Thailand_ASEAN.svghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Location_Thailand_ASEAN.svghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASEAN


Global map of the gridand of its interconnections

Interconnectors with: Cambodia Lao PDR Malaysia Myanmar (future)


Grid facts and characteristics

Sources: EGAT, MEA, PEA (2016)

Voltage Level Total length(Circuit-km) Responsibility

500 kV 4,987.72 TSO

230 kV 14,200.28 TSO

115 kV 13,840.14 TSO

115-69 kV 13,508.72 DSO

22-33 kV 322,854.50 DSO

220 380 V 483,106.15 DSO

Total 852,497.51

The electricity grid in Thailand is sub-divided into transmission grids (maximum voltage) and distribution grids (high, medium and low voltage)


Structure of electrical power systemTSO

500 kV

230 kV

115 kV

69/22 kV

380 V

Industry

Households

Utilities

TSO

-Grid

DSO

-Grid

Industry

DSO

Dispersed Generation

Conventional Generation

Source : EGAT

5

115 kV


Map of the high voltage grid


Information on TSO(s)

website: http://www.egat.co.th

EGAT

Network length [km] (500 kV) 4,987.72

Network length [km] (230 kV) 14,142.75

Served area [km] 513,115

Annual transmission [TWh] 189

Share load [%] 100


Cooperation of TSO and DSO

Transmission gridNCC

MACC CAC NACNEC SAC

MEADistribution grid

PEA1

Generation Load

PEA2

PEA3

PEA4

PEA5

PEA6

PEA7

PEA8

PEA9

PEA10

PEA11

PEA12

PEA13


Responsibilities within the cascade

Maintain Grid reliability and quality of the System according to Thailand power system standard

Control frequency, voltage and power flow of high voltage transmission system

Co-ordinate with IPPs, SPPs and Fuel Suppliers

Supervise the switching operation and be responsible for power system restoration in case of black and brown out.

TSO

DSO

Monitoringown system

Operative contact to generators on DSO-Level

Support of TSO to operate the cascade

Cascade

Support of TSO / DSO to SoS through decreasing / increasing the power of generation units

Generation facilities

Support of industrial customers to SoS through demand response scheme

Consumers

*SoS = Security of Supply

9


Power structure of the country

-EGAT : Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand-IPP : Independent Power Producer-SPP : Small Power Producer-VSPP : Very Small Power Producer

Total Installed Capacity45,002.9* MW

Remarks: * As of Dec 2016

EGAT36.4%IPP

33.2%

Import8.6%

SPP & VSPP21.8%


Installed capacity withreference to primary resources

Installed capacities (45,002.9 MW), Dec 2016 Coal 6,060.0 MW Gas 27,695.7 MW Hydro power 5,653.9 MW Oil 369.8 MW Renewable 4,923.4 MW EGAT-TNB 300.0 MW

Source: Power System Control and Operation Division /EGAT

Coal13%

GAS61% Hydro

13%Oil1%

Renew11%

TNB1%

Coal

GAS

Hydro

Oil

Renew

TNB

Chart1

6060

27695.7

5653.9

369.8

4923.4

300

East

Sheet1

CoalGASHydroOilRenewTNB

East606027695.75653.9369.84923.4300


Energy production withreference to primary ressources

Electricity generated 199.6 TWh, Year 2016 Coal 43.7 TWh Gas 124.8 TWh Hydro power 12.9 TWh Nuclear - Oil 0.9 TWh Renewable 15.5 TWh Others 1.8 TWh

Source: Power System Control and Operation Division /EGAT


Development of generation capacity since 2016 (share of

primary energy)


Consumption per customer groups

24.03%

11.32%

19.13%

42.22%

0.11%0.15% 3.04%

Residential

Small General Service

Business

Industrial

Government and Non-ProfitAgriculture

Other

Source : Energy Policy & Planning Office (EPPO), Dec 2016

Chart1

0.2403

0.1132

0.1913

0.4222

0.0011

0.0015

0.0304

Source : Energy Policy & Planning Office (EPPO), Dec 2016

Column1

Sheet1

Column1

Residential24.03%

Small General Service11.32%

Business19.13%

Industrial42.22%

Government and Non-Profit0.11%

Agriculture0.15%

Other3.04%

To resize chart data range, drag lower right corner of range.


Location of renewableenergy sources

Installed Wind turbines Installed PV panels


Development of wind power


Development of photovoltaic power


RES installed capacitysince 1990


Price development for industry consumersAverage price of electricity for industry consumers [THB/kWh], exclusive of VAT

THB/

kWh

Sources : EGAT, EPPO

2,9801 2,9866 2,9791 3,06733,4721 3,4780

0,2389 0,50900,6579 0,4333

-0,2407 -0,3294

3,21903,4956 3,6370 3,5006

3,2314 3,1486

-0,5

0,0

0,5

1,0

1,5

2,0

2,5

3,0

3,5

4,0

4,5

2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 (JAN-JUN)

Tariff AdjustBase tariffTotal

Average price of electricity for industry consumers from 2012 to 2017 (the first six month); the base tariff and the actual Ft


3,3797 3,3818 3,3867 3,48143,9000 3,8989

0,2326 0,50840,6595 0,4320

-0,2421 -0,3271

3,61233,8901 4,0463 3,9134

3,6579 3,5718

-0,5

0,0

0,5

1,0

1,5

2,0

2,5

3,0

3,5

4,0

4,5

2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 (JAN-JUN)

Tariff AdjustBase tariffTotal

Price development for householdsAverage price of electricity for households [THB/kWh], exclusive of VAT

Sources : EGAT, EPPO

THB/

kWh

Average price of electricity for household sector (total average 150 kWh) from 2012 to 2017 (the first 6 months); the base tariff and the actual Ft


Electricity market organisation

-Thailand Electricity Market is enhanced single-buyer - EGAT takes the role of single-buyer and oversee main transmission system including major part of generation

-EGAT : Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand -IPP : Independent Power Producer-MEA : Metropolitan Electricity Authority -SPP : Small Power Producer-PEA : Provincial Electricity Authority -VSPP : Very Small Power Producer


Power balance in 2016

Generation 199.57 TWh Consumption 182.85 TWh Difference ~16.72 TWh

generation199.57 TWh

consumption182.85 TWh


Approximate Energy Exchanges

Values in GWh, Jan 2016 Dec 2016

HVDC

HONG-SA Lignite (COD June 2015)

LAOS

NAM-NGAM2

Theun-Hiboon

HOUAY-HO

NUM-THEUN2

115

147

3805,218

2,0231,946

158

8,649 461

108 XESET

Source: Power System Control and Operation Division/EGAT

ExportImport

1,501

EDL

The Electric Power SystemBasic factsGlobal map of the gridand of its interconnectionsGrid facts and characteristics Structure of electrical power systemMap of the high voltage grid Information on TSO(s) Cooperation of TSO and DSODiapositive numro 9Power structure of the country Installed capacity with reference to primary resources Energy production withreference to primary ressources Development of generation capacity since 2016 (share of primary energy) Consumption per customer groups Location of renewable energy sources Development of wind power Development of photovoltaic power RES installed capacity since 1990 Price development for industry consumers Price development for households Electricity market organisationPower balance in 2016 Approximate Energy Exchanges

the electric power system - cigre · of high voltage transmission system ... support of tso to...

Documents