The Epistles of Paul

How did Paul utilize the How did Paul utilize the Old Testament without Old Testament without moving into legalism?moving into legalism?

And you were dead in And you were dead in your trespasses and your trespasses and sins, sins, 22 in which you in which you

formerly walked formerly walked according to the according to the

course of this world, course of this world, according to the according to the

prince of the power of prince of the power of the air, of the spirit the air, of the spirit

that is now working in that is now working in the sons of the sons of

disobedience. disobedience. Ephesians 2:1-2

Among them we Among them we too all formerly too all formerly

lived in the lusts of lived in the lusts of our flesh, our flesh,

indulging the indulging the desires of the desires of the

flesh and of the flesh and of the mind, and were by mind, and were by nature children of nature children of wrath, even as the wrath, even as the

rest. rest. Ephesians 2:3

• Dead in sin (Ephesians 2:1).

• Children of wrath (Ephesians 2:3).

• Slaves of sin (Romans 6:20).

• In Adam (1 Corinthians 15:22).

Sin is so much a Sin is so much a part of the being part of the being

of man that it of man that it can be can be

described as described as “flesh.”“flesh.”

How do How do we get we get there there from from

here?here?

But God, being rich in But God, being rich in mercy, because of His mercy, because of His great love with which great love with which He loved us, He loved us, 55 even even

when we were dead in when we were dead in our transgressions, our transgressions,

made us alive made us alive together with Christ together with Christ (by grace you have (by grace you have

been saved)… been saved)… (Ephesians 2:4-5).(Ephesians 2:4-5).

……and raised us up and raised us up with Him, and seated with Him, and seated

us with Him in the us with Him in the heavenly places in heavenly places in Christ Jesus, Christ Jesus, 77 so so that in the ages to that in the ages to

come He might show come He might show the surpassing riches the surpassing riches

of His grace in of His grace in kindness toward us in kindness toward us in

Christ Jesus. Christ Jesus. (Ephesians 2:6-7).(Ephesians 2:6-7).

Ephesians 2:8-9 Ephesians 2:8-9 For by grace you have been

saved through faith; and that not of yourselves, it is the gift of God; 9 not as a result of works, so that no one may boast.

tou/to – neuter singular

ca,riti, – feminine singular

sesw|sme,noi– masculine plural participle

pi,stewj – feminine singular

Ephesians 2:8-10 Ephesians 2:8-10 For by grace you have been

saved through faith; and that not of yourselves, it is the gift of God; 9 not as a result of works, so that no one may boast.

10 For we are His workmanship, created in Christ Jesus for good works, which God prepared beforehand so that we would walk in them.

1 Corinthians1 Corinthians

Practical Lessons on UnityPractical Lessons on Unity

Corinth

CorinthCorinth

• A smelting pot of many peoples.• Pagan cults.• Immorality.• Church plagued by division.• Divorce• Trend to glorify the scientific and

philosophical and to ridicule the spiritual.• The role of men and women in the church.• Questions of the uses and misuses of the

spiritual gifts.

1 Corinthians 1:10-111 Corinthians 1:10-11

10 Now I exhort you, brethren, by the name of our Lord Jesus Christ, that you all agree, and there be no divisions among you, but you be made complete in the same mind and in the same judgment.

11 For I have been informed concerning you, my brethren, by Chloe's people, that there are quarrels among you.

Chapters 1-6

Unity

• Divisions• Need for Unity• Necessary Divisions

Chapters 7-10

Questions

• Single & Married• Meat & Idols

Chapters 11-16

Errors

• Women & Worship• Lord’s Supper• Gifts• Resurrection

What is eschatology?What is eschatology?

What did the eschatology What did the eschatology of the Old Testament look of the Old Testament look

like?like?

Old Old CovenantCovenant

New New CovenantCovenant

MosesMoses A Prophet A Prophet like Moseslike Moses

Old Old CovenantCovenant

New New CovenantCovenant

God comes God comes into His into His TempleTemple

God will God will come come

suddenly to suddenly to His TempleHis Temple

What additions did Jesus What additions did Jesus make to that Eschatology?make to that Eschatology?

Destroy Destroy this this

Temple Temple and I will and I will raise it up raise it up in three in three

daysdays

““Truly I say to Truly I say to you, not one you, not one

stone here will stone here will be left upon be left upon

another, which another, which will not be torn will not be torn

down.” down.” (Matthew 24:2)(Matthew 24:2)

““This gospel of This gospel of the kingdom the kingdom

shall be shall be preached in preached in the whole the whole world as a world as a

testimony to all testimony to all the nations, the nations, and then the and then the

end will come” end will come” (Matthew (Matthew

24:14)24:14)

“…“…the the abomination of abomination of

desolation desolation which was which was spoken of spoken of

through Daniel through Daniel the prophet, the prophet,

standing in the standing in the holy place” holy place” (Matthew (Matthew

24:15)24:15)

Son of Son of Man Man

lifted uplifted up

• Elect gathered

• World judged

• Eternal kingdom

Gospel Gospel to be to be

preached preached to the to the

nationsnations

Son ofSon ofManMan

Son ofSon ofManMan

What additions did the What additions did the book of Acts make to that book of Acts make to that

Eschatology?Eschatology?

Acts 3:19-21 Acts 3:19-21 Therefore repent and return,

so that your sins may be wiped away, in order that times of refreshing may come from the presence of the Lord; 20 and that He may send Jesus, the Christ appointed for you, 21 whom heaven must receive until the period of restoration of all things about which God spoke by the mouth of His holy prophets from ancient time.

Jesus Jesus dead dead

buried buried risen risen

ascendedascended

• World will be judged

• Eternal kingdom

“…“…until the until the period of period of

restoration restoration of all of all

things”things”

Son ofSon ofManMan

Son ofSon ofManMan

What additions did Paul What additions did Paul make to that Eschatology?make to that Eschatology?

The First Epistle The First Epistle to the to the

Thessalonians Thessalonians

An Encouraging Expectancy

• God’s choice of you (1:2-5).

• Your imitation of Christ (1:6-8)

• Your turning to God (1:9-10)

A shared salvation history

Chapter 1

A shared salvation history

Chapter 1

Paul’s ministry in

Thessalonica

Chapters 2-3

1 Thessalonians 2:9. For you recall, brethren, our labor and hardship, how working night and day so as not to be a burden to any of you, we proclaimed to you the gospel of God.

A shared salvation history

Chapter 1

Paul’s ministry in

Thessalonica

Chapters 2-3

1 Thessalonians 3:1-2. Therefore when we could endure it no longer, we thought it best to be left behind at Athens alone, 2 and we sent Timothy, our brother and God's fellow worker in the gospel of Christ, to strengthen and encourage you as to your faith,

• The principle stated (4:1)

• Sexual purity (4:3-8)• Responsible work (4:9-

12).• A Promise of Comfort in

the face of Death (4:13-18).

A shared salvation history

Chapter 1

Paul’s ministry in

Thessalonica

Chapters 2-3

Exhortation to walk in a

worthy manner

Chapter 4

Matthew 24Matthew 24They will see the Son of man coming... (24:30).

1 Thessalonians 41 Thessalonians 4For the Lord Himself will descend from heaven...

(4:16).

He will send forth His angels with a great

trumpet (24:31).

With the trumpet of God... (4:16).

And they will gather together His elect from

the four winds... (24:31).

We who are alive shall be caught up together...

(4:16).

…coming on the CLOUDS of the sky...

(24:30).

We... shall be caught up together with them in

CLOUDS (4:17).

A shared salvation history

• Living in light of the Day of the Lord (5:1-11).• Attitudes toward Christians workers (5:12-13).• Closing instructions (5:14-28).

Chapter 1

Paul’s ministry in

Thessalonica

Chapters 2-3

Exhortation to walk in a

worthy manner

Chapter 4

Living in light of Christ’s return

Chapter 5

What God has done in our lives

How we are to live as a result of what God has

done

What did the New What did the New Testament Church look Testament Church look

like?like?

In what ways was the New In what ways was the New Testament church similar Testament church similar

to the church today?to the church today?

In what ways was the New In what ways was the New Testament church different Testament church different

from the church today?from the church today?

The First Epistle to Timothy

From Father to Son

GREECEASIA MINOR

Ephesus

Macedonia

In the face of false

teachings

Chapter 1

Instructions…

Chapter 2 Chapters 3-4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6

For some men, straying from For some men, straying from these things, have turned aside to these things, have turned aside to fruitless discussion, fruitless discussion, 77 wanting to wanting to

be teachers of the Law, even be teachers of the Law, even though they do not understand though they do not understand

either what they are saying or the either what they are saying or the matters about which they make matters about which they make confident assertions. (1 Timothy confident assertions. (1 Timothy

1:6-71:6-7))

In the face of false

teachings

• A call for men to pray (2:1-8).

• A call for women to adorn themselves modestly and with good works (2:9-15)

Chapter 1

Instructions…

Chapter 2

About men and women

Chapters 3-4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6

In the face of false

teachings• Qualifications for

leaders (3:1-16)• False teachers (4:1-11)• Personal instructions to

Timothy (4:12-16)

Chapter 1

Instructions…

Chapter 2

About men and women

For leaders

Chapters 3-4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6

In the face of false

teachings• Honor to the

elderly (5:1-2)• Care for widows

(5:3-16)• Honor for elders &

leaders (5:17-25)

Chapter 1

Instructions…

Chapter 2

About men and women

For leaders

Chapters 3-4

About the

elderly

Chapter 5 Chapter 6

In the face of false

teachings• Slaves & Masters (6:1-2)• Those who seek financial profit (6:3-10)• A charge to personal faithfulness (6:11-

16)• Instructions to the rich (6:17-19)• Conclusion (6:20-21)

Chapter 1

Instructions…

Chapter 2

About men and women

For leaders

Chapters 3-4

About the

elderly

Chapter 5

In the face of false

teachings

Chapter 6

The Epistle to TitusThe Epistle to Titus

Adorning the Gospel of

God

Crete

Nicopolis

True Leaders

• Opening Salutation (1:1-4).

1:1-9

Leaders

1:10-16 2:1-10 2:11-15 3:1-15

Laity

TITUS – Adorning the Doctrine of GodTITUS – Adorning the Doctrine of God

Paul, a bond-servant of God, and an apostle of Jesus Christ, for the faith of those chosen of God and the knowledge of the truth which is according to godliness, (Titus 1:1).

True Leaders

• Opening Salutation (1:1-4).

1:1-9

Leaders

1:10-16 2:1-10 2:11-15 3:1-15

Laity

TITUS – Adorning the Doctrine of GodTITUS – Adorning the Doctrine of God

…in the hope of eternal life, which God, who cannot lie, promised long ages ago, 3 but at the proper time manifested, even His word, in the proclamation with which I was entrusted according to the commandment of God our Savior;

avyeudhj qeoj

True Leaders

• Opening Salutation (1:1-4).• Titus’ Job Description: To

appoint elders in every city (1:5).

• Qualifications for elders/overseers (1:6-9)

1:1-9

Leaders

1:10-16 2:1-10 2:11-15 3:1-15

Laity

TITUS – Adorning the Doctrine of GodTITUS – Adorning the Doctrine of God

True Leaders

• The Problem of Rebellious Men (1:10-11)

• The Testimony of Rebellious Men (1:12-13).

• The Solution for Rebellious Men (1:13-16)

1:1-9

Leaders

1:10-16 2:1-10 2:11-15 3:1-15

Laity

False Teachers

TITUS – Adorning the Doctrine of GodTITUS – Adorning the Doctrine of God

True Leaders

• Old men• Old Women• Young Women• Young Men• Titus as an example• Slaves

1:1-9

Leaders

1:10-16 2:1-10 2:11-15 3:1-15

Laity

False Teachers

Instructions to Various

Groups

TITUS – Adorning the Doctrine of GodTITUS – Adorning the Doctrine of God

True Leaders

• The Grace of God has appeared, bringing salvation…

• Instructing us…– To deny ungodliness– To live…

• Looking for the appearing of Jesus

1:1-9

Leaders

1:10-16 2:1-10 2:11-15 3:1-15

Laity

False Teachers

Instructions to Various

Groups

Living for the

appearing of Jesus

TITUS – Adorning the Doctrine of GodTITUS – Adorning the Doctrine of God

True Leaders

• Reminder to do good works• Reason for good works• A Call to good works• Rejection of those who cause

divisions• A practical exercise in good works

1:1-9

Leaders

1:10-16 2:1-10 2:11-15 3:1-15

Laity

False Teachers

Instructions to Various

Groups

Living for the

appearing of Jesus

Living in the light of Jesus

TITUS – Adorning the Doctrine of GodTITUS – Adorning the Doctrine of God

What does Paul tell us about What does Paul tell us about Church Leadership?Church Leadership?