The EucharistThe Eucharist

Sign—Symbol—RealitySign—Symbol—Reality

Sign of BaptismSign of Baptism

Symbol of BaptismSymbol of Baptism

Reality of Holy BaptismReality of Holy Baptism

As Applied to the EucharistAs Applied to the Eucharist

Sign of the EucharistSign of the Eucharist

Symbol of the EucharistSymbol of the Eucharist

Reality of the EucharistReality of the Eucharist

OriginsOrigins

What is needed to make breadWhat is needed to make bread

What is needed to make wineWhat is needed to make wine

Preparation for the first MassPreparation for the first Mass

How long that preparation tookHow long that preparation took

Reality of the EucharistReality of the Eucharist

Body, Blood, Soul and DivinityBody, Blood, Soul and Divinity

Real Sacrifice of the Lamb of GodReal Sacrifice of the Lamb of God

God’s way of saving humanityGod’s way of saving humanity

Food for the journey homeFood for the journey home

Biblical WitnessBiblical Witness

Genesis 14:18-20Genesis 14:18-20 Exodus 12:1-14Exodus 12:1-14 Malachi 2:11Malachi 2:11 Matthew 26:26-29Matthew 26:26-29 Mark 14:22-25 Mark 14:22-25

Luke 22:14-20 Luke 22:14-20 1 Corinthians 11:17-1 Corinthians 11:17-

3434 John 6:25-69John 6:25-69

Christian HistoryChristian History

St. Ignatius of Antioch—one diocese+one St. Ignatius of Antioch—one diocese+one bishop+one altar+one Eucharist+one bishop+one altar+one Eucharist+one community=one communioncommunity=one communion

St. Ambrose—Corpus Christi, Sanguis St. Ambrose—Corpus Christi, Sanguis Christi, AmenChristi, Amen

St. Cyril of Jerusalem—emphasis on the St. Cyril of Jerusalem—emphasis on the reality of the Eucharist, throne with the reality of the Eucharist, throne with the handshands

Patristic to Middle AgesPatristic to Middle Ages

Patristic Era (150-600 A.D.)—The Patristic Era (150-600 A.D.)—The Eucharist as the Mystical Body of Eucharist as the Mystical Body of Christ and the People of God as the Christ and the People of God as the Body of ChristBody of Christ

Later Middle Ages (1000-1215 A.D.)—Later Middle Ages (1000-1215 A.D.)—The Eucharist is the Real Presence The Eucharist is the Real Presence (Real Body of Christ) and the People (Real Body of Christ) and the People as the Mystical Body of Christas the Mystical Body of Christ

Council of Trent (1545-Council of Trent (1545-1563)1563)

Reformers invented new ways of Reformers invented new ways of looking at the Eucharistlooking at the Eucharist

The Church responded by asserting The Church responded by asserting what it already believedwhat it already believed

Eucharist as Real Body and Blood of Eucharist as Real Body and Blood of Christ, Holy Sacrifice, Christ, Holy Sacrifice,

Vatican IIVatican II

Emphasis shifted to the meaning of Emphasis shifted to the meaning of the word “Eucharist”—thanksgiving the word “Eucharist”—thanksgiving

Celebration, Sacred Meal which Celebration, Sacred Meal which follows the Sacrifice, Source of unity, follows the Sacrifice, Source of unity, Belonging to all of the People of GodBelonging to all of the People of God

Four Presences of Christ at Four Presences of Christ at MassMass

The Assembled People of GodThe Assembled People of God The Priest who acts In Persona ChristiThe Priest who acts In Persona Christi The Scriptures—the Word of GodThe Scriptures—the Word of God The Eucharist as the Real Body and Blood of The Eucharist as the Real Body and Blood of

ChristChrist

TransubstantiationTransubstantiation

TransTrans

SubSub

StanceStance

SubstanceSubstance

Other TheoriesOther Theories

ConsubstantiationConsubstantiation

TransfigurationTransfiguration

TransignificationTransignification

Wheat Bread and WineWheat Bread and Wine

Catholics use unleavened wheat Catholics use unleavened wheat breadbread

Eastern Catholics and Orthodox use Eastern Catholics and Orthodox use leavened wheat breadleavened wheat bread

Wine (fermented grape juice) must Wine (fermented grape juice) must be usedbe used

Any deviation from these elements Any deviation from these elements will make the Mass invalid and illicitwill make the Mass invalid and illicit

Mass: The Celebration of the Mass: The Celebration of the EucharistEucharist

Liturgy of the WordLiturgy of the Word Readings, Homily, Prayers of the Readings, Homily, Prayers of the

FaithfulFaithful

Liturgy of the EucharistLiturgy of the Eucharist Offering, Institution Narrative, Offering, Institution Narrative,

Completion of the Sacrifice, Distribution Completion of the Sacrifice, Distribution of Holy Communionof Holy Communion

Words of InstitutionWords of Institution

You are holy indeed, O Lord, the fount of all You are holy indeed, O Lord, the fount of all holiness. Make holy, therefore, these gifts, we holiness. Make holy, therefore, these gifts, we pray by sending your Spirit upon them like the pray by sending your Spirit upon them like the dewfall, so that they may become for us the Body dewfall, so that they may become for us the Body and Blood of our Lord Jesus Christ. and Blood of our Lord Jesus Christ.

At the time he was betrayed and entered willingly At the time he was betrayed and entered willingly into his Passion, he took bread and, giving thank, into his Passion, he took bread and, giving thank, broke it, and gave it to his disciples, saying: broke it, and gave it to his disciples, saying:

TAKE THIS, ALL OF YOU, AND EAT OF IT, FOR THIS TAKE THIS, ALL OF YOU, AND EAT OF IT, FOR THIS IS MY BODY, WHICH WILL BE GIVEN UP FOR YOU. IS MY BODY, WHICH WILL BE GIVEN UP FOR YOU.

In a similar way, when supper was ended, In a similar way, when supper was ended, he took the chalice and , once more giving he took the chalice and , once more giving thanks, he gave it to his disciples, saying: thanks, he gave it to his disciples, saying:

TAKE THIS, ALL OF YOU, AND DRINK FROM TAKE THIS, ALL OF YOU, AND DRINK FROM IT, FOR THIS IS THE CHALICE OF MY IT, FOR THIS IS THE CHALICE OF MY BLOOD, THE BLOOD OF THE NEW AND BLOOD, THE BLOOD OF THE NEW AND ETERNAL COVENANT, WHICH WILL BE ETERNAL COVENANT, WHICH WILL BE POURED OUT FOR YOU AND FOR MANY POURED OUT FOR YOU AND FOR MANY FOR THE FORGIVENESS OF SINS. DO THIS FOR THE FORGIVENESS OF SINS. DO THIS IN MEMORY OF ME.IN MEMORY OF ME.

Timelessness of the MassTimelessness of the Mass

The Mass looks back to the death The Mass looks back to the death and resurrection of Jesusand resurrection of Jesus

The Mass looks forward to the The Mass looks forward to the Heavenly Banquet with the Lamb of Heavenly Banquet with the Lamb of GodGod

The Mass is eternal, without time, The Mass is eternal, without time, and is a participation in the Sacrifice and is a participation in the Sacrifice of Jesus on the Crossof Jesus on the Cross

GAME TIMEGAME TIME

GET INTO YOUR GROUPS!GET INTO YOUR GROUPS!WRITE DOWN EVERYONE’S NAME WRITE DOWN EVERYONE’S NAME

ON A BLANK SHEET OF PAPER.ON A BLANK SHEET OF PAPER.

DON’T SPEAK OUT DON’T SPEAK OUT ANSWERS!ANSWERS!

The four presences of Christ at The four presences of Christ at Mass are:Mass are:

A.A. Assembled People of God, Priest, Assembled People of God, Priest, Scriptures, EucharistScriptures, Eucharist

B.B. Assembled People of God, Crucifix, Assembled People of God, Crucifix, Scriptures, AltarScriptures, Altar

C.C. Crucifix, Eucharist, Altar, MusicCrucifix, Eucharist, Altar, Music

D.D. Statues, Bread and Wine, AltarStatues, Bread and Wine, Altar

In the Words of Institution, the In the Words of Institution, the priest quotes:priest quotes:

A.A. MosesMoses

B.B. King DavidKing David

C.C. The Prophet JeremiahThe Prophet Jeremiah

D.D. JesusJesus

Catholics believe that the Catholics believe that the Eucharist is:Eucharist is:

A.A. The Body, Bones, Breath and Teeth of JesusThe Body, Bones, Breath and Teeth of Jesus

B.B. The Body, Blood, Soul and Divinity of JesusThe Body, Blood, Soul and Divinity of Jesus

C.C. The Blood, Soul, Thought and Words of The Blood, Soul, Thought and Words of JesusJesus

D.D. The Body, Blood, Soul and Divinity of MosesThe Body, Blood, Soul and Divinity of Moses

Catholics describe how the Catholics describe how the elements of the Eucharist elements of the Eucharist change with the following change with the following

word:word:A.A. ConsubstantiationConsubstantiation

B.B. TransfigurationTransfiguration

C.C. TransignificationTransignification

D.D. TransubstantiationTransubstantiation

Some Old Testament Some Old Testament prophecies are about the prophecies are about the

Eucharist:Eucharist:A.A. It doesn’t talk about anything else.It doesn’t talk about anything else.

B.B. Only in the Book of Philemon.Only in the Book of Philemon.

C.C. Catholics do believe that.Catholics do believe that.

D.D. Catholics don’t believe in the Old Catholics don’t believe in the Old Testament.Testament.

A Mass said with rice cakes A Mass said with rice cakes and sake would be:and sake would be:

A.A. Valid and licit.Valid and licit.

B.B. Valid but illicit.Valid but illicit.

C.C. Invalid but licit.Invalid but licit.

D.D. Invalid and illicit.Invalid and illicit.

The Mass was instituted by:The Mass was instituted by:

A.A. AbrahamAbraham

B.B. Saint PaulSaint Paul

C.C. JesusJesus

D.D. Saint PeterSaint Peter

The Eucharist is mentioned in The Eucharist is mentioned in which Gospels:which Gospels:

A.A. Matthew, Mark, Luke and JohnMatthew, Mark, Luke and John

B.B. Matthew, Mark and JohnMatthew, Mark and John

C.C. Matthew, Thomas, John and MaryMatthew, Thomas, John and Mary

D.D. Mark, Luke, Thomas and QMark, Luke, Thomas and Q

The Mass is a:The Mass is a:

A.A. Holy SacrificeHoly Sacrifice

B.B. Celebration of the EucharistCelebration of the Eucharist

C.C. Gathering of CatholicsGathering of Catholics

D.D. All of the aboveAll of the above

The Eucharist has:The Eucharist has:

A.A. Signs, symbols, but no reality.Signs, symbols, but no reality.

B.B. Signs, symbols and reality.Signs, symbols and reality.

C.C. Reality, but it has no signs or symbols.Reality, but it has no signs or symbols.

D.D. Symbols, but it has no signs or reality.Symbols, but it has no signs or reality.

Thanks for playingThanks for playing

Now…who won?Now…who won?