the eumetsat satellite programmesthe eumetsat satellite programmes an overview from now to the...
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THE EUMETSAT SATELLITE PROGRAMMES
AN OVERVIEW FROM NOW TO THE FUTURE
Kenneth Holmlund EUMETSAT
R. Stuhlmann, P. Schlüssel,
D. Klaes, R. Munro, F. Montagner, J. Grandell, C. Hanson
And many other contributors from EUMETSAT and its partners
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2 JPSS Science Team Meeting August 2016
METOP -A and -B (LOW-EARTH, SUN – SYNCHRONOUS ORBIT) EUMETSAT POLAR SYSTEM/INITIAL JOINT POLAR SYSTEM
Sentinel -3a (LOW-EARTH, SUN-SYNCHRONOUS ORBIT) Copernicus Global Marine and Land Environment Mission Operated by EUMETSAT
METEOSAT SECOND GENERATION -9, -10, -11 (GEOSTATIONARY ORBIT) TWO-SATELLITE SYSTEM: - METEOSAT-11: IN-ORBIT BACKUP - METEOSAT-10: FULL DISK IMAGERY MISSION AT 0° (15 MN) - METEOSAT-9: RAPID SCAN SERVICE OVER EUROPE AT 9.5°E (5 MN)
METEOSAT -8 (2nd GENERATION) (GEOSTATIONARY ORBIT) INDIAN OCEAN DATA COVERAGE MISSION AT 40° E (TBD June 2016)
Current EUMETSAT satellite fleet – Extrapolated to end 2016
JASON-2, -3 (LOW-EARTH, 63° INCL. NON SYNCHRONOUS ORBIT) OCEAN SURFACE TOPOGRAPHY MISSION
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3 JPSS Science Team Meeting August 2016
EUMETSAT programmes overview 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 YEAR...
METEOSAT FIRST GENERATION
METEOSAT SECOND GENERATION
EUMETSAT POLAR SYSTEM (EPS)
METEOSAT-7
METEOSAT-8 METEOSAT-9
METEOSAT-10 METEOSAT-11 …….............………..
METOP-A METOP-B
METOP-C
JASON JASON-2
JASON-3
COPERNICUS SENTINEL-3
03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
Mandatory Programmes
Optional and Third Party Programmes
YEAR...
Operational Development
…Extended lifetime .............. …Extended lifetime ..............
…Extended lifetime ..............
…Extended lifetime ...
…Extended lifetime ........................................ …Extended lifetime ...........................................
Currently scheduled for launch 10/2018
Launched 17.01.2016
Launched 16.02.2016
Extended lifetime 2021-2022
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4 JPSS Science Team Meeting August 2016
MTG-I-1 : IMAGERY
EUMETSAT programmes overview 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 YEAR...
METEOSAT FIRST GENERATION
METEOSAT SECOND GENERATION
METEOSAT THIRD GENERATION
EUMETSAT POLAR SYSTEM (EPS)
METEOSAT-7
METEOSAT-8 METEOSAT-9
METEOSAT-10 MSG-4/METEOSAT-11 ……………..
MTG-S-1: SOUNDING MTG-I-2: IMAGERY
MTG-I-3: IMAGERY MTG-S-2: SOUNDING
MTG-I-4: IMAGERY METOP-A METOP-B
METOP-C METOP SECOND GENERATION METOP-SG-A1
JASON JASON-2
JASON-3 JASON CONTINUITY OF SERVICE (JASON-CS)
COPERNICUS SENTINEL-3
SENTINEL-4 ON MTG-S SENTINEL-5 ON EPS-SG
03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
Mandatory Programmes
Optional and Third Party Programmes
YEAR...
METOP-SG-B1 METOP-SG-A2
METOP-SG-B2 METOP-SG-A3
METOP-SG-B3 Operational Development
…Extended lifetime .............. …Extended lifetime ..............
…Extended lifetime ..............
…Extended lifetime ...
…Extended lifetime ........................................ …Extended lifetime ...........................................
First launch 2020
First Launch 2021
Current Launch year 2020
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5 JPSS Science Team Meeting August 2016
Twin satellite concept – based on 3-axis platforms: 4 geostationary imaging satellites (MTG-I) 2 geostationary sounding satellites (MTG-S)
MTG-I: - Flexible Combined Imager (FCI) - Lightning Imager Instrument (LI) 20 years of operational service
MTG-S: - Infrared Sounder (IRS) - Ultra-violet, Visible and Near-infrared Sounder (UVN) 15.5 years of operational service
Established through a cooperation between:
MTG Programme – Space Segment
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JPSS Science Team Meeting August 2016
2011 July 25 11:30-12:30 Upper Layer (ice) COT scaled 0-11
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JPSS Science Team Meeting August 2016
2011 July 25 11:30-12:30 Lower Layer (water) COT scaled 0-42
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JPSS Science Team Meeting August 2016
2011 July 25 11:30-12:30 RGB 0.6, 0.8, 8-7-11
CTP: Ice blue, water green, COT represented by vertical bar 75/150 hPa COT-1
2-Layer Winds?
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9 JPSS Science Team Meeting August 2016
Scientific development for future / enhanced products (3) Coccolithophore blooms from the geostationary orbit ?
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10 JPSS Science Team Meeting August 2016
Observing lightning Reference processor product example
“Accumulated flash area” product, integrated over 15 minutes and updated every 30 seconds
Date: 20 June 2013.
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11 JPSS Science Team Meeting August 2016
IRS NRT Demonstration service for Europe
IRS Nowcasting Workshops Assimilation Workshop Very High Resolution Limited Area Moel
IRS NRT Demonstration service for Europe Aims to involve potential operational users of MTG-IRS Level 2
products in the development of the level 2 processor. The results of this evaluation will be used to identify limitations of the
envisaged products and where possible to start mitigation actions in light of the experience with the proxy data.
Based on level 2 products from IASI and CrIS Derived vertical profiles (T/H) and Tsurf with their uncertainty
For more on IRS see Tjemkes Wednesday 09:40.
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12 JPSS Science Team Meeting August 2016
The EUMETSAT polar system is part of the joint polar system shared with the US
• A two pillar backbone system: • NOAA with Suomi-NPP and JPSS provides the afternoon orbit data • EUMETSAT provides mid-morning data • Coordination of products and services
•A third pillar? China has committed to the early morning orbit
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13 JPSS Science Team Meeting August 2016
EPS Second Generation Continuing the European contribution to the Joint Polar System (JPS)
Satellite a Satellite b
Payload METImage, IASI-NG, MWS, 3MI, S-5, RO SCA, MWI, ICI, ARGOS-4, RO
Launch mass 3661 kg 3339 kg
Power 2.3 kW 2.0 kW
P/L data rate 54 Mb/s 6.3 Mb/s
Emhanced service from mid morning polar orbit in 2021 – 2040
Twin satellite in-orbit configuration:
Metop-SG A: optical imagery and sounding mission Flies the Copernicus Sentinel-5 instrument
Metop-SG B: microwave imaging mission
Two series of 3 successive satellites for 21 years of operations
Orbit @ 09:30 LTDN (Same as Metop)
Phasing of Sat-a and Sat-b 180°
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14 JPSS Science Team Meeting August 2016
Observation Missions
Mission Instrument Applications Benefitting Hyper-spectral Infrared Sounding IASI-NG NWP, NWC, Air Quality, CM
Visible/Infra-red Imaging METimage NWC, NWP, CM, Hydrology, Oceanography Microwave Sounding MWS NWP, NWC, CM
Radio Occultation Sounding RO NWP, CM
Nadir viewing UV/VIS/NIR/SWIR Sounding Sentinel 5 Ozone-UV, Air Quality, CM, Composition-Climate interactions Multi-viewing, -channel, -polarisation Imaging 3MI Air Quality, CM, NWC
Scatterometry SCA NWP, NWC, Oceanography, Hydrology
Microwave Imaging MWI NWP, NWC, Hydrology, CM, Oceanography
Ice Cloud Imaging ICI NWP, NWC, Hydrology, CM
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15 JPSS Science Team Meeting August 2016
Hyper-spectral infrared sounding: IASI – NG
Objectives Temperature/humidity profile at high vertical
resolution Clouds, trace gases (O3, CO, CH4, CO2,...) Sea/land/ice surface temperature Aerosols, Volcanic Ash
Implementation
Development of Fourier Transform Spectrometer IASI-NG by CNES
Key performances • spectral range: 645 – 2760 cm-1 • spectral resolution: 0.25 cm-1 • radiometric calibration: 0.25 K • stability: 0.1 K • Radiometric noise: 0.045 – 1.1 K • pixel size: 12 km • spatial sampling: 25 km • cross-track scan
Breakthrough Doubling of radiometric and spectral resolution
of IASI for the benefit of weather forecast and atmospheric composition 75% more information in temperature profiling,
particularly PBL
30 % more information in water vapour profiling
Quantification of trace gases which are currently only detected
Vertical resolution of trace gases instead of columnar amounts only
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16 JPSS Science Team Meeting August 2016
Q1 PPF v5 Q1 OEM v6 Q1 First Guess v6
Southern oceans Intertrop. oceans 21-25/02/2014 21-25/02/2014
Results: T. August, M. Crapeau, T. Hultberg, X. Calbet
Atmospheric Profiling Hyperspectral Infrared L2 - IASI L2 v6 Temperature vs ECMWF ANA
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17 JPSS Science Team Meeting August 2016
Q3 PPF v5
Q3 First Guess v6
Southern oceans Intertrop. oceans 21-25/02/2014 21-25/02/2014
Atmospheric Profiling Hyperspectral Infrared L2 - IASI L2 v6 Temperature vs ECMWF ANA
Results: T. August, M. Crapeau, T. Hultberg, X. Calbet
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18 JPSS Science Team Meeting August 2016
Towards a IASI CO Profile product: a premiere
x1018 molec/cm2
CO Total column - Pollution over China, 12 January 2013
The IASI L2 processor v6 implements the FORLI-CO algorithm developed at ULB/LATMOS (O3M-SAF CDOP-2)
a priori (climatology)
retrieved CO profile
Boynard et al, 2014, GRL Credits: ULB/ LATMOS
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19 JPSS Science Team Meeting August 2016
Optical imaging METimage
Objectives Hi-res cloud products, incl. microphysics Aerosols Polar AMVs Vegetation, snow, fire Sea/ice/land surface temperature Support to sounding missions
Implementation Development of METimage by DLR
Key performances • 20 channels: 0.443 – 13.345 µm • absolute calibration: 5% (short-wave) 0.5 K (long-wave) • radiometric sensitivity: SNR 60 – 500 (short-
wave) 0.05 – 0.2 K (long-wave) • spatial sampling: 500 m • cross-track scan
Breakthrough Far more spectral channels than AVHRR for
the benefit of measuring more variables
Higher spatial resolution (500 m): more complete coverage through
greater likelihood to measure surface variables in partly cloud conditions
Better radiometric resolution for more accurate quantification of many variables
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20 JPSS Science Team Meeting August 2016
Microwave Sounding
Objectives Temperature/humidity profiles in clear and
cloudy air Cloud liquid water total column Imagery: precipitation
Implementation ESA development
Key performances • 24 channels: 23.8 – 229 GHz • absolute calibration: 0.5 K • radiometric noise: 0.2 – 1.6 K • footprint size: 17 – 40 km • cross-track scan
Breakthrough Addition of a quasi-window channel at
229 GHz (recommended by ITSC-11) Cirrus cloud information giving a better
humidity retrieval performance
Addition of sounding channels + 2 channels at 53-54 GHz + 3 channels at 183.31 GHz More information on temperature and
water vapour profiles
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21 JPSS Science Team Meeting August 2016
Scatterometry
Objectives ocean surface wind vectors soil moisture snow equivalent water sea-ice type
Implementation
ESA development
Key performances • C-band carrier frequency • VV + VH polarisation • measurement range: 4 – 40 m/s • Radiometric resolution: 3% • spatial resolution: 25 km • dual swath: 550 km each
Breakthrough
Increase of spatial resolution to 25 km Better approach of coast lines
Increase of swath width to >1100 km Enhanced coverage
Addition of VH polarisation Covers higher wind speeds without saturation, will
benefit observation of tropical and extra-tropical storms
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22 JPSS Science Team Meeting August 2016
Radio-Occultation
Objectives Refractivity profiles at high vert. resolution Temperature / humidity profiles PBL top and tropopause height Ionospheric electron content
Implementation ESA development
Key performances • tracking of GPS and Galileo satellites optional: GLONASS and COMPASS • RO on two satellites: > 2600 occultations per day • bending angle accuracy: 0.5 µrad or 0.2%
Breakthrough Tracking of GPS and Galileo satellites
to double the number of occultation measurements
Equipment of both Metop-SG satellites with RO in case of a dual satellite configuration
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23 JPSS Science Team Meeting August 2016
GO (operational)
GO (reprocessing)
WO (reprocessing)
Scientific development for future / enhanced products Wave optics for retrieval of GRAS profiles
Wave optics gives more data in the lowest 5 km... ...without increasing stdevs... negative biases of GO removed
Surface
Uncertainty in NWP reference data
Under investigation; can be improved
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24 JPSS Science Team Meeting August 2016
Breakthrough Drastically increased spatial sampling (7 km) for the benefit of air quality monitoring
Extended spectral range into the near and shortwave infrared regions to measure aerosols as well as methane and
carbon monoxide in the PBL
UVNS Nadir Viewing UV/VIS/NIR/SWIR sounding
Objectives Ozone profile and column Columns of CO2,SO2, NO2, H2O,
CO, CH4, Aerosol optical depth Columns of BrO, HCHO, OCHCHO Volcanic Plumes Implementation
GMES Sentinel-5 to be embarked
on Metop-SG, ESA development
Key performances • spectral range: 0.27 – 2.385 µm spectral resolution: 0.25 – 1
nm • radiometric calibration: 1 – 2% • SNR: 120 - 1500 • spatial sampling: 7 km • Cross-track scan
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25 JPSS Science Team Meeting August 2016
Microwave Imaging
Objectives of a new mission precipitation and cloud products water vapour profiles and imagery sea-ice, snow, sea surface wind
Implementation
ESA development
Key performances • 18 channels: 18.7 – 183 GHz • dual polarisation (V, H) up to 89 GHz • V polarisation at higher frequencies • radiometric accuracy: 1 K • radiometric sensitivity: 0.6 – 1.2 K • Footprint size: 10 – 50 km • spatial sampling: 7 km • conical scan
Breakthrough: 18 channels Continuity of key microwave imager
channels for weather forecast
Inclusion of dedicated sounding channels (118.75 GHz) Enhanced precipitation measurements
through inclusion of dedicated sounding channels
Extended suite of 183.31 GHz channels water-vapour and cloud profiling
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26 JPSS Science Team Meeting August 2016
Ice Cloud Imaging
Objectives of a new mission Cloud products, in particular ice clouds Snowfall detection and quantification Water-vapour profiles and imagery
Implementation
ESA development
Key performances • 11 channels: 183 – 664 GHz • single polarisation (V) for all channels • dual polarisation (V, H) at 243 and 664 GHz • radiometric accuracy: 1 – 1.5 K • radiometric sensitivity: 0.6 – 1.9 K • Footprint size: 15 km • spatial sampling: 7.5 km • conical scan
Breakthrough: 11 channels
Establishes operational ice-cloud imaging mission
Support of weather forecast,
hydrology, and climate monitoring
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27 JPSS Science Team Meeting August 2016
Multi-viewing multi-channel multi-polarisation Imaging
Objectives of a new mission Aerosol – optical thickness, particle size,
type, height, absorption Volcanic Ash Cloud phase, height, optical depth Surface albedo
Implementation
ESA development
Key performances • 12 channels: 0.41 – 2.13 µm • 3 polarisations: 0°, 60°, -60° • 14 views • radiometric bias: 3% • SNR: 200 • spatial sampling: 4 km • push-broom scan (2200 km swath)
Kaufman et al. (2002)
Breakthrough:
Enhanced spatial sampling (4 km) Improves separation of cloudy areas
12 spectral channels (9 polarised), extending into the UV and SWIR Better aerosol characterisation
Higher angular resolution (14 views) Better phase function characterisation
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28 JPSS Science Team Meeting August 2016
EPS Second Generation
Observation missions are highly complementary Co-registration of measurements will allow to
optimise the information extraction Synergy to be considered in payload distribution
of a dual satellite configuration
Essential co-registrations IAS – VII – UVNS MWI - ICI
Desired co-registrations IAS – MWS VII – 3MI IAS – UVNS – 3MI MWI – SCA – VII
Synergy of observation missions
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29 JPSS Science Team Meeting August 2016
Process for user requirements elaboration
User Needs
User Requirements
Should drive
Are not always aware of
Users
Technological Capabilities
Trigger / justify evolution
Constrain the fulfilment
Open possibilities
Experts
Consider
Know / translate
Formulate
User Workshop
Guide
Discuss / endorse
Approves
user list
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30 JPSS Science Team Meeting August 2016
User Preparation: MTG as an example
A dedicated project in EUMETSAT Including representatives from the Member States
MTGUP Project objectives are to: Support users in a smooth transition from Meteosat
Second Generation (MSG) to MTG for all comparable services, noting that the MSG and MTG availability may have a longer period of overlap;
Assist users in the early adoption of MTG services into operational forecasting;
Assist and encourage users to take advantage of the new services and capabilities offered by MTG in the early stages of MTG operations;
Establish a communication platform for the exchange of user feedback on MTG Programmatic and general user preparation issues.
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31 JPSS Science Team Meeting August 2016
User Preparation: Schedule
Once established, the project will continue until the start of MTG-I2 operations + 1 year to cover the transition and the early operations phases, until such time when the full MTG services are in place;
The various project phases and milestones shall be linked to the availability of the future MTG services (0 degree, RSS, Sounding).
Consider operational transition scenarios
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32 JPSS Science Team Meeting August 2016
User Preparation: Work packages Establish and validate user expectations Ensure User engagement Monitor user preparedness Training Support Communication and information!
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33 JPSS Science Team Meeting August 2016
User Preparation: Work packages Test Data Support Science interaction and collaboration Science studies and activities supporting the new capabilities
of MTG, e.g. NWC-IRS Demonstration project Research Announcement Collaboration, etc., Review the portfolio of existing meteorological products Propose enhancements to the existing products based on
changing user requirements Build on experiences from our partners US/Europe collaboration is exemplary!!
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34 JPSS Science Team Meeting August 2016
Test Data: MWI-1 HiRes
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35 JPSS Science Team Meeting August 2016
Test Data: MWI Channels 1 - 18
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36 JPSS Science Team Meeting August 2016
Thank You – Any Questions
3MI Test Data Example
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37 JPSS Science Team Meeting August 2016
Thank You For Inviting Me! Questions?
Slide Number 1Slide Number 2Slide Number 3Slide Number 4MTG Programme – Space SegmentSlide Number 6Slide Number 7Slide Number 8Scientific development for future / enhanced products (3)�Coccolithophore blooms from the geostationary orbit ?Observing lightning �Reference processor product exampleIRS NRT Demonstration service for EuropeThe EUMETSAT polar system is part of the joint polar system shared with the USSlide Number 13Slide Number 14Slide Number 15Slide Number 16Slide Number 17Towards a IASI CO Profile product: a premiereSlide Number 19Slide Number 20Slide Number 21Slide Number 22Scientific development for future / enhanced products�Wave optics for retrieval of GRAS profilesSlide Number 24Slide Number 25Slide Number 26Slide Number 27�Synergy of observation missions�Process for user requirements elaborationSlide Number 30User Preparation: ScheduleUser Preparation: Work packages�User Preparation: Work packages�Slide Number 34Test Data: MWI Channels 1 - 18Thank You – Any QuestionsSlide Number 37