the european tilt rotor-status of erica design and test ... · european tiltrotor programme aimed...

Aerodays 2011Madrid, 31 March 2011

The European Tilt Rotor-Status of ERICA Design and Test Activities

Alessandro Stabellini NICETRIP Project Manager


TILTROTOR RESEARCH IN EUROPE


Handling Qualities

requirements background

Low Speed

Aerodynamic

Interactions

Rotor Hub Design

Rotor Dynamics,

Performance & Noise

NICETRIP

Flight Control System

Level 1 Control Laws

Proprotor Gearbox,

Interconnecting Shaft,

Nacelle & Wing Actuators

Loads & Dynamics


ERICA DESIGN CONCEPT

TILT WING TILTROTOR

TOW 11 tons

Pax 19/22

Vmax cr 330 Kts

Small Rotor Diameter

Tiltable Wing

Structural Continuity of Tilting Mechanism


Novel Innovative Competitive Effective Tilt Rotor Integrated Project(NICETRIP) Purpose

The NICETRIP Integrated Project is proposed as part of a continuing

European TILTROTOR programme aimed at the acquisition, validation

and integration of tiltrotor technology by the European Aerospace and

associated supplier industries

The main objectives are:

to study the general architecture of the aircraft

to integrate some of the critical components of a tilt

rotor aircraft on full-scale dedicated rigs

to develop and test a full-span powered model

to study the introduction of the T/R in the ATM


GENERAL

ARCHITECTURE

DETAIL DESIGN OF THE

CRITICAL COMPONENTS

FULL SCALE TESTING

WIND TUNNEL

SCALED TESTS

NICETRIP PURPOSE

T/R IN ATM


NICETRIP CONSORTIUM

CONTRACT COORDINATOR VERTAIR B

HELICOPTER INDUSTRIES AGUSTAWESTLAND I-UK

EUROCOPTER F-D

INDUSTRIAL ORGANISATIONS CASTILLA , AERNNOVA , SENER E

PAULSTRA F

LLI , ZFL D

GALILEO AVIONICA , MECAER I

SECONDO MONA , SD , SICTA I

SAMTECH B

RESEARCH AND TEST CENTRES ONERA , DLR , NLR , CIRA F , D , NL , I

CTA , CENAERO , AVIATEST E , B , LATVIA

UNIVERSITIES POLIMI , UOL I , UK

LIEGE , WUT , STUTTGARD B , POLAND , D

SUB-CONTRACTORS DNW , TSAGI NL , RUSSIA


Tool validation•Validation of flight mechanics tools

•Validation of CFD tools

•Validation of the aeroelastic tools

0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 10

100

200

300Blade Flapping Moment (1/rev amplitude)

Blade spanwise location (r/R)

Nm

0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 10

100

200



Nm

0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 10

20

40



Nm

FLIGHTLAB: uniform inflowFLIGHTLAB: 3 state inflowFLIGHTLAB: 6 state inflowFLIGHTLAB: finite state inflowCAMRADWind tunnel blue bladeWind tunnel red blade

Blade flapping moment Pressure distribution on the wing

Hub loads (Non Rotating Frame) from balance -

4/rev

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

H Y T

N

Exper imental

CAMRAD

Hub loads

NICETRIP ACTIVITIES


•Weight estimate

•Aircraft performance

•General loads

•Handling qualities

•Noise

Hub loads

Maximum Speed sensitivity analysis

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

220 240 260 280 300 320 340 360

TAS [kts]

Pre

ss

ure

alt

itu

de

[m

]

Design Gross Weight (VTO) @eta = 0.85,escresc=0%

Maximum Gross Weight (STO) @eta = 0.85,escresc=0%

Design Gross Weight (VTO)@eta = 0.85,escresc=0%

Maximum Gross Weight (STO) @eta = 0.85,escresc=0%

ISA

ISA+20°C

Overall characteristics

NICETRIP ACTIVITIES


Aerodynamics

•Rotor blade and cuff optimisation

•Wing and tail plane airfoils optimisation

•Nacelle/wing fairings optimisation

•Fuselage/wing fairings optimisation

Hub loads

NICETRIP ACTIVITIES


Dynamics•Rotor aeroelasticity

•Drive train and engine stability

•Whirl flutter stability

•Vibratory level/comfort

X Y

Z

NICETRIP ACTIVITIES


General architecture•Aircraft general layout

•Systems integration

•Electronic mock up definition

NICETRIP ACTIVITIES


Airframe

• Wing structural preliminary design

• Fuselage structural design

NICETRIP ACTIVITIES


Power plant

• Nacelles structural design

• Drive system design

NICETRIP ACTIVITIES


• Rotor hub design

• Rotor blade design

Cross section at

650mm Radius

Cross section at 1573 mm

Radius

Cross section at 390

mm Radius

NICETRIP ACTIVITIES

Power plant


Hydraulics

Wing flaperon

actuator

NICETRIP ACTIVITIES

• Hydraulic system requirements definition

• General architecture of the Hydraulic system

• Preliminary sizing of the hydraulic system components


Fuel system

•Fuel system requirements definition

•Fuel system layout and functional specification

•Fuel system components preliminary specification

•Fuel system design baseline

NICETRIP ACTIVITIES


Whirl tower full scale test• Assess the dynamic behaviour

• Functional tests for rotor and transmission

• Performance tests

Rotor

hub Gear Box

(PRGB)

Interconnecting

Shaft (ICS)

Interface Gear

Box (SPGB)

NICETRIP ACTIVITIES


Drive system functional test• Lubrication test

• Endurance and functional test in the Universal

Transmission Test Facility

NICETRIP ACTIVITIES


Powered model wind tunnel test • Powered model scale 1:5 design and

manufacturing

• Tests at DNW-LLF wind tunnel

• Tests at ONERA-S1MA

NICETRIP ACTIVITIES


Force model wind tunnel test • Modular model scale 1:8 design and manufacturing

• Tests completed at the wind tunnel of Politecnico di Milano

NICETRIP ACTIVITIES


Air intake model wind tunnel test • Air intake model scale 1:5 design and manufacturing

• Test completed at the wind tunnel of University of Liège

• Air intake model scale 1:2.5 design and manufacturing

• Preliminary test completed at the wind tunnel of POLIMI

• Final test at the wind tunnel of University of Liège

NICETRIP ACTIVITIES


Real time simulation• Several Standalone Real Time Simulation sessions performed at partners’ site to

assess flyability of the procedures under investigation

• Distributed Real Time Simulation based connecting ATC simulation platform with

3 tilt-rotor simulators to evaluate the impact of tilt-rotor operations with

“conventional” traffic on a complex operational airport scenario (Milan Malpensa)

• Actors involved : Pilots, ATCOs, Pseudo-pilots, Technical experts

NICETRIP ACTIVITIES

the european tilt rotor-status of erica design and test ... · european tiltrotor programme aimed...

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