The Expansive Realm of Islam

Chapter 13

What do you know about Islam?

A Prophet and his WorldA.Muhammad and

his message1. Arabian Peninsula

was mostly deserta) Nomadic peoples

organized in clans

b) Important in long-distance trade networks between China/India and Persia/Byzantium

2. Muhammad’s early lifea) Muhammad Ibn Abdullah

(570 CE)b) Married a wealthy widow

(595 CE)c) Became a merchant

3. Muhammad’s spiritual transformation at age 40

a) One true God, Allahb) Gabriel delivered these

messages4. Quran (“recitation”)

B. Muhammad’s migration to Medina

1. Conflict at Mecca2. The hijra3. The “seal of the

prophet”

C. The establishment of Islam in Arabia

1. Muhammad’s return to Mecca

2. The Ka’ba was not destroyed; it became site of pilgrimage in 632

3. 5 Pillars of Islam4. Islamic law: the

sharia

The Expansion of IslamA. The early caliphs

and Umayyad dynasty

1. The Caliph2. Dramatic

expansion of Islam

3. The Shia4. The Umayyad

dynasty (661-750 CE)

B. The Abbasid Dynasty1. Lasted from 750-1258 CE2. Abbasid administration3. Abbasid decline

Economy and society of the early Islamic world

A. New crops, agricultural experimentation, and urban growth

1. Spread of new foods and industrial crops

2. Effects of new crops3. Agricultural

experimentation4. Urban growth

B. The formation of hemispheric trading zone

1. Overland trade2. Camels and caravans3. Maritime trade4. Banks5. Organization of trade

C. The changing status of women1. The Quran and women2. Veiling of women

Islamic values and cultural exchanges

A. The formation of an Islamic cultural tradition

1. The Quran and sharia were main sources to formulate moral guidelines

2. Promotion of Islamic values

3. Sufis or Islamic mystics4. The hajj

B. Islam and the cultural traditions of Persia, India and Greece

1. Persian influence on Islam2. Indian influences3. Greek influences