the fishing vessel as working place

SINTEF Fisheries and Aquaculture1

The Fishing Vesselas Working Place

Halvard L. AasjordPhD – Senior Scientist

SINTEF Fisheries and AquacultureFisheries Technology

Postnr. N-7465 TrondheimE-mail: [email protected]


Eurostat`s data-base of fishery statistics

In 2005 the EU-27 production of fishery products (capture fisheries and aquaculture production) was about 4 % of the world total. Four member states (Denmark 14 %, France 12 %, Spain 14 %

and the United Kingdom 12 %) accounted for 53 % of the EU-27 production in 2005.

The EU-27 production in 2005 was 17 % less than 1993.

Norway and Iceland together accounted for 3 % of the world total (and the production is not decreasing)! Norway fisheries 1993: 2584´ tons – 2005: 2546´tons Iceland fisheries 1993: 1712´ tons – 2005: 1669´ tons


Fisheries and aquaculture 2005 - 15 EEA-countries

0

500.000

1.000.000

1.500.000

2.000.000

2.500.000

3.000.000

3.500.000

Belgiu

m a

)

Denm

ark

Finla

nd

France

b)

Germ

any

a)

Greec

e

Irela

ndIta

ly

Nether

lands

Portugal

Spain a

)

Sweden

a)

United K

ingdom

Icel

and

Norway

Pro

du

ctio

ns

in t

on

s

Total catches 2005 Aquaculture prod. 2005

European Fisheries and Aquaculture - selected nations


EEA Catches 2005 and Catch per fisherman

0

500.000

1.000.000

1.500.000

2.000.000

2.500.000

3.000.000

Belgiu

m a

)

Denm

ark

Finla

nd

France

b)

Germ

any

a)

Greec

e

Irela

ndIta

ly

Nether

lands

Portugal

Spain a

)

Sweden

a)

United K

ingdom

Icel

and

Norway

To

tal

catc

h i

n t

on

s

0

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300

350

Mae

n c

atch

per

fis

her

man

Total catches 2005 Tons per fisherman

European Capture Fisheries - selected nations


Aktive fiskefartøy Active fishing vessels

0

3000

6000

9000

12000

15000

18000

21000

24000

1986 1990 1994 1998 2002 2006

År/Year

Far

tøy/

Ves

sels

Aktive fartøy/ Active vessels Alle/ Total

The Norwegian Active Fishing Fleet


Norwegian all year fleetNo of vessels

Mean man-year

Total man-years

Coastal bottom fleet 1288 2,2 2834

Coastal pelagic fleet 150 5,5 825

Deep sea bottom fleet 102 14,8 1510

Deep sea pelagic fleet 112 8,3 930

Total all year fishing fleet 1652 3,7 6098


0

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3000

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mb

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f ve

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d m

an-y

ears

Norwegian all year fleet - 2006

No of vessels 1288 150 102 112

Mean man-year 2,2 5,5 14,8 8,3

Total man-year 2834 825 1510 930

Coastal bottom fleet Coastal pelagic fleet Deep sea bottom fleet Deep sea pelagic fleet

The Norwegian All Year Fishing Fleet – total 1652 vessels


0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

Nu

mb

er o

f fi

shin

g v

esse

lsThe Norwegian Fishing Fleet - Year 2006

All year Activ fleet 0 248 825 178 184 217

Active, not all-year 1366 1661 1152 91 34 10

Not Active fleet 671 365 239 30 16 14

0 - 7,9 meters 8 - 9,9 meters 10 - 14,9 meters 15 - 20,9 meters 21 - 27,9 meters 28 m and over

The Norwegian Fishing Fleet – total 7301 vessels


0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

Nu

mb

er o

f M

an-y

ears

Calculated Man-Year in the Norwegian Fishing fleet

Man-year - All year fleet 0 298 1568 641 1086 2452

Man-year - Active fleet 410 1163 1382 218 105 43

0 - 7,9 meters 8 - 9,9 meters 10 - 14,9 meters 15 - 20,9 meters 21 - 27,9 meters 28 m and over

Man-Year in The Norwegian Fishing Fleet – total 9365 man-year


"Fiskebåten som fremtidig arbeidsplass"

Eksemler fra liten kystfiske (10-15 meter), stor kystfiske (21-34 m), bankline (30-50 m), trålfiske (40 - 70 m) og ringnot (45 - 95 m)

Mannskapfordeling på ulike fartøygrupper, antall mann ombord, arbeidsoppgaver, arbeidsfordeling, avløsningsordninger (større fartøy)

Arbeidstid for fiskere ombord på ulike fartøy- og driftsgrupper (tall fra budsjettnemda - Lønnsomhetsundersøkelser - helårsdrevne - år 2006)

Ulykker og risikoutvikling for de ulike (hoved) driftsgrupper - 10-årsperioden 1998 - 2007

Noen fartøyeksempler og endel tabellariske oppstillinger! Noen utviklingstrekk for fiskeri mhp. HMS

SINTEF / jeg (og noen andre) har i perioden 2002 - 2006 vært ute på fiske med 12 - 15 fartøy fra ulike driftsgrupper og foretatt visse observasjoner på arbeidsforhold og risiko. Vi har så langt ikke direkte forsket på (mangler forskningsmidler) på fatigue (utmattelse) i norsk fiskeri, så derfor ingen spesifikke vitenskapelige data!


FV ”HAVSTJERNA” – SF-85-B – LMFV – MÅLØY - NORWAY

Havstjerna – LMFV Built year 2001 in China for

Iceland – Norway 2003 Modern fishing vessel – 20,99

meter - 68,9 feet Fishing with mechanized long

line and gillnets Ground fish: cod, haddock,

cusk, catfish, coalfish Skipper: Birger Grotle, 57 year


Working hours and conditions FV ”Havstjerna” are using a 1:1 system for all the crew A shift system is essential to get renewed energy for the

crew on the next fishing trip. Crew onboard: 6 – 7 fishermen (long line and gillnets) Crew1: 3 weeks onboard and crew2: 3 week free (at home). Effective fishing period: 10 – 11 months per year. May month off (in port) for maintenance of the vessel . Fishing activities: Working: 15 – 16 hours per day Each fisherman: 3 weeks x 7 days x 15 hours = 315 hours Working hours: 7 – 8 trips x 315 h = 2205 – 2520 hours/year

Skipper is more awake than the other crew members. Skipper has to navigate from shore to the fishing ground There are three navigators on board this vessel (not at same trip)


Coastal fishing group 002: 10 – 14,99 m

Conventional bottom fisheries: 647 vessels in this group Fishing vessels in the length

groups: 10 – 14,99 meter Average of two (2) fishermen

on board per vessel Working hours: 2232 hours

per fisherman No shift register Total employment: 1294

fishermen or man-years Fishing with gillnets, long

line, jigging and/or trolling


”Randi-Anita” – 13 meter gillnetter Cod fisheries in the wintertime in North-Norway.

Period of: January - February - Mars

Staring from port at 04:00 in the morning. Steaming 3 ½ hours for the fishing ground. At the fishing ground 07:30. Fishing nets: 110 – 120 nets, using 4 chains of 40 nets. Hauling the nets and taking out the fish: 5 – 6 hours. Only a small amount (haddock and seithe) are gutted at sea. The main amount of the catch are taken not gutted ashore. This gives work reduction of 20 – 25 % for the fisherman at sea. In bad weather the risk of hurting it self on the knife is much lower. Total working/fishing: 14 – 15 hours per day. The skipper is both navigating and working on the deck.


A 12 meter coastal fishing boat grounded north of Bodø – Feb. 27 – Both fishermen were saves


DEEP SEA LONGLINERS

The autoliner MS ”Leinebris” at the

North Cape Bank in November 2003


Fishermen on a longliner

Fishermen and factory workers: Fishermen: 3 - 4 men working – 3 - 4 men sleeping Working system: 8 hours on – 4 h off – 8 h on - 8 h off +

more fish = more work = total 14-16 working hours per day Fishermen: relaxing + eating + sleeping : 8 - 10 hours

Working operations – all the fishermen are rotating: Setting all the lines: 45.000 hooks = 4 hours

Hauling operations (fishermen) – total 20 hours: Hauling (drage): 20 – 30 minutes = total 3 - 4 hours Separate (splitte): 20 – 30 minutes = total 3- 4 hours Adjusting (rette): 20 – 30 minutes = total 3 - 4 hours Rigging (rigge): 20 – 30 minutes = total 3 - 4 hours


Deep Sea Trawlers


Deep Sea Trawling About 50 trawlers left in the Norwegian deep sea fleet This fleet is fishing for codfish and shrimp Some years ago we had about 100 trawlers in this group Then there were other groups of trawlers Total deep sea trawler fleet:

Year 1998: 4600 man-years Year 2005: 2400 man-years

Same quantity of catch is caught with fewer trawlers and half the number of Norwegian fishermen (man-years).


Vessel groupsFartøy- Grupper

Driftsgrupper etter Budsjettnemda – Fiskeridirektoratet

Year1998

Year2002

Year2003

Year2006

Man-Years1998

Man-Years2002

Man-Years2005

D013, 007 eller 008

STERN TRAWLERSHekktrålere, torsketrål og evt. reke, rundfrys el. ferskfisk (ising)

39 34 55* 36 1051 917 945

D014, 006 FACTORY TRAWLERSFabrikkskip m/torsketrålkonsesjon ognoen med reketrålkonsesjon

21 16 16 13 1470 1120 758

D015, 012 OTHER TRAWLERS Andre trålere og småtrålere. Konsumfiske etter sei, torsk m.m.

47 37 16* 10 874 688 194

D020, D021, 011

BIGGER SHRIMP TRAWLERS Rekefrysetrålere, med eller uten Grønlandskonsesjon (ikke torsk)

9 + 15 13 7 6 591 353 282

D022 SMALLER SHRIMP TRAWLERSAndre havreketrålere. Fartøy over 50 BRT / 80 TE

31 29 ? ? 179 168 0

D023, 018 INDUSTRY/PELAGIC TRAWLERSIndustritrålere (Nordsjøtrålere), nå også kalt pelagiske trålere

54 41 41 28 452 343 237

SUM TOTAL SEA GOING TRAWLERSSamlet havgående trålerflåteD022 – andre havreketrålere

185+ 31

141+ 29

135 93 4617 3589 2416

The Norwegian trawler fleet 1998 - 2006


Kapasitetsanslag for trålerflåten 1988 - 2003 - 2006

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20

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120

År 1988 År 2003 År 2006

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Sam

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Samlet torske og reketrål Samlet teknisk kapasitet

Norwegian trawler fleet 1988 – 2003 - 2006


Personulykker og risiko blant trålfiskere 1998 - 2007

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20

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140

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År 1998 År 1999 År 2000 År 2001 År 2002 År 2003 År 2004 År 2005 År 2006 År 2007

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10,00

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Rapporterte personulykker Kalkulert risiko

Accidents and risk in Norwegian trawl fishery


Fiskerulykker 1998 - 2007 - registert i Sjøfartsdirektoratet

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Liten kyst < 15 meter Stor kyst, 15-27,9 m Bankline > 28 meter Industritrål > 28 m Torsketrål > 24 meter Ringnot > 28 meter

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0,00

5,00

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35,00

Ris

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0 år

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Personulykker 1998 - 2007 Risiko pr. 1000 årsverk

Accidents and risk in different fleet groupsin Norwegian fisheries – period 1998 - 2007


Personal accidents 1990 – 2003 Statistics based on FGT ´s material of 1990 – 2002 Accidents among fishermen – analyses of 2104 accidents

Lost lives/perished: 3,7 % Invalidity accidents: 15,8 % (15 – 100 %) Milder injured: 80,5 %

FGT = Fishermen Mutual Insurance Fund (former company)

VesselGroup Vessel groups – FGT-register

Personal accidents

Pay Out in mill NOK

Payment Cost (NOK)

Medium payment

GP 1Small Costal Fishing fleet, Loa<10,67 meter 183 10,89 10890.732 59.512

GP 2Medium Coastal Fishing fleet 10,67<Loa<14,99 meter 216 15,07 15071.103 69.774

GP 3Large Coastal Fishing fleet, 15 <Loa< 28 meter 713 72,30 72300.573 101.403

GP 4Deep Sea Fishing Fleet, Loa > 28 meter 992 100,85 100845.243 101.659

Sum All length/fishing groups: 2104 199,11 199107.651 94.633


Safety training of Norwegian fishermen from 1982 to 2007

In the 26-year period of 1982 – 2007: about 35.500 fishermen and others pupils

have taken the basic course, while 10.500 fishermen and some others

have taken the refresher (repetition) course


Safety training for Norwegian fishermen – staff in 1992?


Safety training of Norwegian FishermenPeriod: January 1990 - February 2008

0

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3500

1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 Feb.2008

2009

Nu

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Other pupils / some recruits

Main occupation Fishermen

Secondary occ. Fishermen

Safety training of fishermen - 1990 - 2007

the fishing vessel as working place

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