the five major religions. compare and contrast the elements of the five major world religions...
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The Five Major ReligionsThe Five Major Religions
Compare and contrast the elements of the five major world religionsCompare and contrast the elements of the five major world religions More than 730 Religions which have broken out into more than 4,200 More than 730 Religions which have broken out into more than 4,200
branchesbranches
Christianity Judaism Islam
BuddhismHinduism
Restrictions on Religion by the Governments of World Countries
Social Hostilities Involving Social Hostilities Involving ReligionReligion
Learning about Learning about religions will help religions will help us understand us understand each other each other better. If we better. If we understand each understand each other better, we other better, we may be able to may be able to avoid conflicts avoid conflicts and come to and come to peaceful peaceful resolutions.resolutions.
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Beginnings of ReligionsBeginnings of Religions
Religion by the NumbersReligion by the Numbers
Religion DistributionReligion Distribution
ChristianityChristianity
The early Hebrews who eventually The early Hebrews who eventually developed into the Jewish religion became developed into the Jewish religion became the foundation of Christianity. the foundation of Christianity.
Jesus, or the Messiah, was a Jewish boy Jesus, or the Messiah, was a Jewish boy who disagreed with some of the Jewish who disagreed with some of the Jewish principles of his day began to profess a principles of his day began to profess a new way of thinking. new way of thinking.
This eventually led to the beginning of the This eventually led to the beginning of the Christian religion. Christian religion.
ChristianityChristianity
Christianity started about 2000 years Christianity started about 2000 years ago about the same time of Jesus. ago about the same time of Jesus.
The central point of Christian belief is The central point of Christian belief is that God, the Father, entered into that God, the Father, entered into human history as the Son, Jesus of human history as the Son, Jesus of Nazareth, and arose as the Holy Nazareth, and arose as the Holy Spirit. Spirit.
Christian PhilosophyChristian Philosophy MonotheisticMonotheistic – One God – One God
who is the Creator of who is the Creator of the universe. This one the universe. This one God is also thought of God is also thought of as the Father, Son and as the Father, Son and Holy Spirit. Holy Spirit.
Jesus is both fully man Jesus is both fully man and fully God. He was and fully God. He was born of the Virgin Mary , born of the Virgin Mary , crucified, resurrected crucified, resurrected from the dead, and from the dead, and ascended to the Father. ascended to the Father.
Christian PhilosophyChristian Philosophy Sin and Evil are Sin and Evil are
realities. realities. The Bible is the Holy The Bible is the Holy
Book that records God's Book that records God's revelation. revelation.
All believers are All believers are promised life promised life everlasting. everlasting.
The leader of The leader of Christianity was Jesus, Christianity was Jesus, and the followers were and the followers were his 12 disciples.his 12 disciples.
Christian DenominationsChristian Denominations CatholicCatholic Protestant (Lutheran, Methodist, Baptist, Protestant (Lutheran, Methodist, Baptist,
Pentecostal, etc.)Pentecostal, etc.) OrthodoxOrthodox Others (Latter Day Saints/Mormon, Non-Others (Latter Day Saints/Mormon, Non-
Trinitarian/Unitarian, etc.)Trinitarian/Unitarian, etc.)
What is _______?
History
Beliefs
Christianity Largest Monotheistic Religion
was born 2,000 years ago. Christians are the of Jesus Christ People brought with them as they moved around the world.Monotheism is the belief in one Christians believe in the Trinity: father, , and holy spirit. is all powerful Believe Jesus on the cross. is to turn your back on God.
Jesus
followers
religion
God
son
God
died
Sin
Sacred Writings Places of Worship(Spiritual Places) Practices & Traditions
Holidays
Christianity The is a collection of sacred books and writings. Churches: Share one way in which churches are decorated: A Sacrament is something you do to receive a
Name another tradition of Christianity:
Christmas is the of Jesus Christ. is the holiest day of the Christian year.
Bible
Old & New Testaments
Altar, Cross, Pews, Statues
blessing
Baptism, confirmation, communion,Prayer, Making sign of the cross
birth
Easter
JudaismJudaism People who practice in the religion People who practice in the religion
JUDAISM are called Jews. JUDAISM are called Jews. JUDAISM was the JUDAISM was the firstfirst to teach belief in to teach belief in
only one God (only one God (MonotheisticMonotheistic). ). Two other important religions developed Two other important religions developed
from Judaism: Christianity and Islam.from Judaism: Christianity and Islam.
JudaismJudaism
Christians believe that Jesus was the Messiah. The Jewish people do not agree; they anticipate the Messiah’s arrival in the future.
Judaism teaches that death is not the end and that there is a world to come.
Jews think that God will send a Messiah (a savior) to unite them and lead them in His way.
JudaismJudaism
The "Torah," the first five books of the The "Torah," the first five books of the Hebrew Bible, is the most important Hebrew Bible, is the most important Jewish scripture. Jewish scripture.
It contains the basic laws of Judaism.It contains the basic laws of Judaism. Another important book is the "Talmud," Another important book is the "Talmud,"
serving primarily as a guide to the civil serving primarily as a guide to the civil and religious laws of Judaism.and religious laws of Judaism.
JudaismJudaism The Jewish house of worship is The Jewish house of worship is
called a synagogue. called a synagogue. Rabbis (spiritual leaders) Rabbis (spiritual leaders)
conduct services, act as conduct services, act as interpreters of Jewish laws, and interpreters of Jewish laws, and deliver sermons.deliver sermons.
Today there are over 18 million Today there are over 18 million followers of Judaism scattered followers of Judaism scattered throughout the world. A large throughout the world. A large number of those people live in number of those people live in the Jewish nation of Israel. Over the Jewish nation of Israel. Over six million live in the United six million live in the United States.States.
Jewish Jewish PhilosophyPhilosophy
God is one and uniqueGod is one and unique God is the creator God is the creator God is lawgiverGod is lawgiver God is judgeGod is judge We have the obligation to worshipWe have the obligation to worship The Torah is God's law The Torah is God's law The Messiah will come. The Messiah will come.
What is _______?
History
Beliefs
JudaismFirst Monotheistic Religion
Abraham lived over years ago and is the _ of a great nation.First religion to worship led the people out of Egypt to freedom. The ten commandments are the of the Jewish people. Anti-Semitism is the against Jews. was founded as a homeland for Jews.
Important to learn the language.Belief that Jews should live and act like people. are the rules to live by.
4,000father
Moses
one god.
laws
prejudice
Israel
Hebrew
God’s
10 Commandments
Sacred Writings
Places of Worship(Spiritual Places) Practices & Traditions
Holidays
JudaismTorah is The is another sacred book.
A Temple and are places of prayer and study.A Cantor sings or chants the A means teacher; he/she leads the services.A is always kept burning. The prayer shawl is called theThe Yarmulke is is a way to prepare food.Tell what each holiday is:Rosh Hashanah- Yom Kippur- Hanukkah- Passover-
The Jewish Laws/ how you should behaveTalmud
synagogue
rabbiprayers
lighttallit
head coveringKosher
New Year- repent sins
Atonement – make up for sins “fix it”
Victory in Israel – menorah
Freed from slavery
IslamIslam
ISLAM is the name given to the religion ISLAM is the name given to the religion preached by the prophet Muhammad in the preached by the prophet Muhammad in the 600s A. D.600s A. D.
MuslimMuslim is the name given to the people who is the name given to the people who practice the Islam religionpractice the Islam religion
The Islamic religion started in the area known The Islamic religion started in the area known as Palestine in the year 600AD. as Palestine in the year 600AD.
It has millions of followers, most of them in the It has millions of followers, most of them in the region north and east of the Mediterranean region north and east of the Mediterranean Sea.Sea.
Islamic PhilosophyIslamic Philosophy
Allah, is the one Islamic God; Allah, is the one Islamic God; MonotheisticMonotheistic Muslims learn that life on earth is a period of testing Muslims learn that life on earth is a period of testing
and preparation for the life to come. and preparation for the life to come. Angels record good and bad deeds.Angels record good and bad deeds. People should behave themselves and help others, People should behave themselves and help others,
trusting in Allah's justice and mercy for their reward. trusting in Allah's justice and mercy for their reward.
IslamIslam
The holy book of Islam is the The holy book of Islam is the "Koran" or Quran. Muslims "Koran" or Quran. Muslims believe its words to be those of believe its words to be those of Allah himself, spoken to Allah himself, spoken to Muhammad by an angel.Muhammad by an angel.
Muslims pray five times daily in Muslims pray five times daily in their mosques (churches).their mosques (churches).
While praying, they face the While praying, they face the holy city of Mecca (in Saudi-holy city of Mecca (in Saudi-Arabia) and sometimes kneel Arabia) and sometimes kneel with faces to the ground.with faces to the ground.
IslamIslam All Muslims are required to make a All Muslims are required to make a
pilgrimage pilgrimage (trip to a sacred place) to (trip to a sacred place) to Mecca at least once in Mecca at least once in their lifetime.their lifetime.
Dome of the RockDome of the Rock It was completed in 691-692, It was completed in 691-692,
making it the oldest existing making it the oldest existing Islamic building in the world.Islamic building in the world.
The Foundation Stone, is in The Foundation Stone, is in the center. the center.
According to Islamic According to Islamic tradition, this rock is the tradition, this rock is the spot from where Muhammad spot from where Muhammad ascended to Heaven .ascended to Heaven .
According to Jewish tradition, According to Jewish tradition, the stone is the site where the stone is the site where Abraham prepared to Abraham prepared to sacrifice his son Isaac.sacrifice his son Isaac.
An Islamic shrine and An Islamic shrine and major landmark located major landmark located on the Temple Mount in on the Temple Mount in Jerusalem, Israel.Jerusalem, Israel.
What is _______?
History
Beliefs
Islam Monotheistic; Muslims are the people who
practice Islam is the spiritual messenger. is a city of great importance to the Muslim people. Palestine is the language of the Muslim religion.Allah is the name of the Islamic Muslims dress the same to show
determine your after-life.
Muhammad
Mecca
Country/land that was given to the Jews
Arabic
God
we are all equal in the eyes of God.
Actions
Sacred WritingsPlaces of Worship(Spiritual Places) Practices & Traditions
Holidays
Islam
(“Koran”) is written in Arabic
Mosque: Share some facts:
Five are duties a Muslim must perform:1.Testimony of faith2.Pray times a day facing3.Give $$ to the 4.FAST5.Trip to leads prayer.No alcohol or
is a holiday in which daytime fasting is done for 1 month. is a holiday to end the fasting. Gifts are exchanged.
Qur’an
Friday – holy dayWash when enter; no shoes, boys & girls apart, no statues or picturespillars
5 Meccapoor
Mecca
Imampork
Ramadan
Eid-al-Fitr
•Jesus is divine•Trinity•Sacraments•Ordained Ministry
•No Sacred Language•Church is Holy Building•Weekly Holy Day is Sunday
•Liturgical practice of breaking bread and wine•Ongoing revelation
•Hebrew is Sacred Language•Canaan is Promised Land•God is Adonai•Synagogue is Holy Building•Holy Day is the Sabbath (Friday Night to Saturday Night)
•Salvation and Damnation•Recitation of Creed•Story of Jesus’ Life
•Arabic Sacred Language•Mecca Holy City
•Muhammad Final Prophet•Koran is Holy Book•5 Pillars- To Attain Salvation
•God is Allah•Mosque is Holy Building•Friday prayer•Hajj to Mecca
•Dietary Laws•Fasting- Ramadan and Yom Kippur•Almsgiving•Sacred Language
•One God- God of Abraham•Special Relationship with God•History of Ancient Hebrews•Importance of Prophets•Religion is Divided into groups•Prayer occurs during religious service•Services held in Holy Building•Jerusalem is Holy City
Venn Diagram:Judaism, Christianity, and Islam
Jerusalem: Whose Holy Jerusalem: Whose Holy City?City?Both groups claim this territory as their Holy Land.
The name Jerusalem itself is part Arabic part Hebrew that means city of peace.
Wailing wall = believed by many people to be the remains of one wall of a great Jewish temple, which was torn down by the Romans.
BuddhismBuddhism Founding person of Founding person of
Buddhism is Guatama, Buddhism is Guatama, the Buddhathe Buddha
The Dalai Lama is a The Dalai Lama is a Buddhist monk who Buddhist monk who remains the leader of the remains the leader of the Tibetans.Tibetans.
Buddhism Buddhism Buddhism is a major religion in China, Japan, Buddhism is a major religion in China, Japan,
and Tibet.and Tibet.
Buddhism is the second fastest growing Buddhism is the second fastest growing religion. 488 million Buddhists worldwide*religion. 488 million Buddhists worldwide*
The Major Philosophy of The Major Philosophy of BuddhismBuddhism
Love: without conditions Love: without conditions Compassion: or feeling at one with the Compassion: or feeling at one with the
person who is suffering person who is suffering Sympathetic Joy:Celebrate the happiness Sympathetic Joy:Celebrate the happiness
of others, and do not resent their good of others, and do not resent their good fortune. fortune.
Impartiality: Treat everyone equally, and Impartiality: Treat everyone equally, and do not use others for personal gain or to do not use others for personal gain or to win approval.win approval.
The Major Philosophy The Major Philosophy of Buddhismof Buddhism
Buddhism states that existence is a Buddhism states that existence is a continuing cycle of death and rebirth continuing cycle of death and rebirth called reincarnation. called reincarnation.
Each person's position in life is Each person's position in life is determined by his or her behavior in determined by his or her behavior in the previous life. This is known as the previous life. This is known as their "karma" (also a Hindu belief).their "karma" (also a Hindu belief).
What is _______?
History
Beliefs
Buddhism Polytheistic – Many Gods
Guatama was a prince who started the religion and became the A Buddha is a god like figure who has reached
A Buddha has realized that sadness and suffering is caused by
is the law of Buddhism. is the belief that when you die you are reborn again. The life form you take on is determined by your actions on Earth or your is the place you go when you become a Buddha.
Buddha
enlightenment – left cycle of rebirth
wanting
Dharma
Reincarnation
karmaNirvana
Sacred Writings
Places of Worship(Spiritual Places)
Practices & Traditions
Holidays
Sutras
Shrines in your TempleShare some facts:1. wheels are used while praying.2. 3. Four Truths: desire or wanting creates
Show Compassion No No Put others Dalai is a spiritual leader. shave their heads. Meditation is to free your of thought. : hang lanterns to guide spirits :Buddha’s birth, death, enlightenment.
Tripitakahome
Pagoda
DharmaBurn incense or candles, Buddha statuesPrayer Flags. Bodhi trees, lotus flowers
NOBLE
Gossipbullying
First – think, speak, act
Lama
Monks
mind
O-bon
Vesak
HinduismHinduism HINDUISM is one of the world's oldest polytheistic religions.HINDUISM is one of the world's oldest polytheistic religions.
Over 2/3's of the world's Hindus live in India; large numbers Over 2/3's of the world's Hindus live in India; large numbers reside in Africa also. reside in Africa also.
Hindu BeliefsHindu Beliefs Hindus believe in many gods, numbering into the thousands. Hindus believe in many gods, numbering into the thousands.
They recognize one supreme god called Brahman (the Absolute).They recognize one supreme god called Brahman (the Absolute).
Hindus believe in a continuous process of rebirth called "reincarnation."Hindus believe in a continuous process of rebirth called "reincarnation."
Hindu BeliefsHindu Beliefs
At death, the Hindu's deeds (karma) determine what the next life will be.At death, the Hindu's deeds (karma) determine what the next life will be.
Followers work to break this cycle--birth, death, re-birth-- (referred to by writers as the "Wheel of Life") and gain release. Followers work to break this cycle--birth, death, re-birth-- (referred to by writers as the "Wheel of Life") and gain release.
The Hindu's soul then merges with Brahman in a condition of spiritual perfection (moksha). This is the goal of Hindus.The Hindu's soul then merges with Brahman in a condition of spiritual perfection (moksha). This is the goal of Hindus.
HinduismHinduism Hinduism has many sacred books, the Hinduism has many sacred books, the
oldest being a series called the "Vedas.“oldest being a series called the "Vedas.“
Traditional Hindu society was divided Traditional Hindu society was divided into groups of four classes (or varnas). into groups of four classes (or varnas). This was known as the "caste system." This was known as the "caste system."
What is _______? History
Beliefs
HinduismOLDEST; Polytheistic
is the country where Hinduism is primarily practiced. System divides people into classes and doesn’t allow them to cross the lines. was a great leader who preached tolerance and nonviolence. is the divine God. and Shiva are also Gods. Cows are believed to be and beef is not eaten. is when you have left the cycle of reincarnation (samsara).
India
Caste
Gandhi
Brahman
Vishnu
sacred
Moksha
Sacred Writings Places of Worship(Spiritual Places) Practices & Traditions
Holidays
Hinduism are written in the language of Sanskrit.
Temple called a Mandir. Share some facts: Shrines can be found in a person’s The forehead is marked with a bindi –dot- or tilak to:1. 2. 3. Sacred River: Raksha Bandhan: A Rakhi is a given to a sibling to show commitment. ;festival of lights to honor the God of wealth & good fortune. ;return of spring
VedasUpanishads
No shoes; wash feet, bells, statues washed, Flowers, incense, candles
home
Good Luck; be humbleBefore prayerMarriage
Ganges
Honor your siblings
bracelet
Divali Lakshmi
Holi
Religious SymbolsReligious Symbols
ChristianityBuddhism
JudaismIslam
Hinduism
How much have you How much have you learned?learned?
Hopefully you understand religions better Hopefully you understand religions better and we can avoid conflicts and come to and we can avoid conflicts and come to peaceful resolutions.peaceful resolutions.
Focus on similarities not differences. Focus on similarities not differences.