The Five Themes of Geography

Created to study the earth and all it’s inhabitants.

The Five Themes of Geography

Location

Place

Human Environment Interaction (HEI)

Momentum and Movement

Region

Location

“How do I get there?”

◦Two types of location

Absolute (tells exactly where something is)

Relative (tells where something is near).

Location

John uses a map to find out where his hotel is

located. He has a map and the address.

Which type of location is he using?

Location

Jane lives by the rice fields. What type of

location are we referring to?

Place“What is it like there?”

Describes an area by it’s unique features.

What makes this place different from other

places?

Can include: climate, physical features, who

lives there

PlaceDescribe what you see in this picture.

New York City

HUMAN ENVIRONMENT INTERACTION

“How do the people relate to the

land?”

Can be good or bad

How the environment effects people or how

the people effects the environment

Movement

“How do people, goods, and ideas move

from place to place?”

Trade

Migrations

Conquests

Movement

Technology has changed the face of

our movements and interactions!!!

Regions

“What features unify a particular area on

the globe?”

Geographers create regions

Usually based on land features or human features

RegionsCan you think of any regions that are based

on human features?

RegionsCan you think of any regions that are based

on land features?

Other vocabulary you need to know Physical Characteristics:

Natural features that describes a place Examples could be land and water forms, climate,

plants and native animals.

Human Characteristics: Characteristics of a place made by people who

live there Examples include: Art, language, type of

government, landmarks.

Geographers use imaginary lines called

longitude and latitude to find exact

locations on earth

Pilots, ship captains, weather men, and many

others use longitude and latitude in their daily

affairs.

Longitude and Latitude

Longitude

Lines that run from north to south on a globe

Stated in terms of their relationship either east

or west of the prime meridian

Prime Meridian: line that runs from the North to

South Pole through Greenwich, England

Longitude and Latitude

Latitude

Lines that run from east to west on a globe.

Stated in terms of their relationship either north or

south of the equator

Equator: Imaginary line that runs around the

Earth half way between the North and South Poles

Longitude and Latitude

Cardinal Directions

The directions of North, South, East and West

Imaginary Grid

Class Practice Find the Continent: Use the maps at your table

1) 20 S, 140 E

2) 40 N, 80 E

3) 40 N, 100 W

4) 20 S, 60 W

5) 90 S, 0

Class Practice: Find the State: Use the map at your tabele

1) 35 N, 78 W

2) 40 N, 80 W

3) 40 N, 90 W

4) 30 N, 100 W

5) 45 N, 120 W

TWO MAIN TYPES OF MAPS

The two main types of maps are physical and political Physical maps show an area in terms of land

features like mountains, rivers, lakes, etc Political maps show an area in terms of political

boundaries such as; cities, states, countries, etc. Geographers commonly combine the two

types of maps into one

THE WORLD’S PEOPLE

Culture is a learned system of shared beliefs and ways of

doing things.

◦ All societies share: government, education, economic systems, and

religious institutions.

◦ Ethnic groups and race also play a role in culture.

What are some traits of culture that you have in your life?

Culture:

Symbols, languages, food, customs,

holidays and dress differ between the many

cultures of our world.

◦ Misunderstandings can occur and can be caused

by the simplest of things.

Culture

All people have the same basic needs.

◦ Handled differently in different parts of the world.

History plays a role in shaping culture.

◦ Imperialism and Colonization

Environmental factors also shape culture.

◦ Physical features or climatic features

Culture

Culture

Population There are over 6 billion people in the world

today.

Why do you think that the world’s population has increased so dramatically in recent years?

Population What problems do you think are associated with

growing populations?

EconomiesEconomics deals with the

production, development, and management of material wealth of a country

Developed CountriesDeveloped countries are countries

with strong economies◦U.S.A., Japan, Canada, and most

European Nations

Developing CountriesDeveloping countries are generally

poor countries with weak economies◦Sometimes called “Third-World”

Countries

How can developed countries help developing countries?

What do you think is the biggest factor that determines if a country is wealthy or not?