the five themes of geography. why study geography in a class about world history? it affects where...
TRANSCRIPT
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The Five Themes of Geography
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Why Study Geography in a class about World History?
• It affects where people live (Settlement patterns)
• It affects how people live then and now
• It affects/affected the outcome of major historical events.
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The 5 Themes of Geography
1. Location2. Movement3. Region4. Place5. Human/ Environment Interaction
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Theme # 1: LocationWhere is it??Where is it??
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Location:
• There are two types of LOCATION!!
• AbsoluteAbsolute
• RelativeRelative
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Absolute Location:
• Absolute Location is found by using…
• Two specific line types
• LatitudeLatitude
• LongitudeLongitude
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Absolute Location: • Latitude Lines
AKA (Parallels)
Or Lines of Flatitude
Latitude lines are drawn from:
East to WestEast to West
Latitude lines measure:
North to SouthNorth to South
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• The Major Line of LATITUDE is the:• EquatorEquator0’ degrees0’ degrees
• It splits the Earth into:It splits the Earth into:• the Northern and the Northern and Southern HemispheresSouthern Hemispheres
Absolute Location:
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Define Hemisphere:
• Half of a globe Half of a globe
(in our case the Earth)(in our case the Earth)
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• Other important lines:• 66 1/2 * North = Arctic Circle• 66 1/2 * South = Antarctic Circle
They are important because:These areas get the least amount of sunlight. Part of the year there is no sunlight and the other part of the year there is no darkness.
Absolute Location:
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• Longitude Lines
AKA (Meridians)
Latitude lines are drawn from: North to SouthNorth to South
Latitude lines measure: East to WestEast to West
Absolute Location:
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• Other important lines of LATITUDE:
• 22 1/3 * North = Tropic of Cancer• 22 1/3 * South = Tropic of Capricorn
• They are important because: They get the most direct sunlight making these areas the hottest places on Earth
Absolute Location:
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• The Major Line of LONGITUDE is the:• Prime MeridianPrime Meridian0’ degrees 0’ degrees
• It splits the Earth into:It splits the Earth into:• the Eastern and the Eastern and Western HemispheresWestern Hemispheres
Absolute Location:
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• Can you find an ABSOLUTE LOCATION
Using Latitude & Longitude?Here are some examples how a latitude
and longitude maps look..
Absolute Location:
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Absolute Location:
30*N 15*W
45*S 45*E
30*S 60*W
15*N 30*E
30*N 60*W
45*N 45*E
60*S 60*W
60*N 30*W
30*S 15*E
60*S 75*E
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Absolute Location:
World Latitude & Longitude World Latitude & Longitude ActivityActivity
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Relative Location:
• Where an area is depending on where Where an area is depending on where another area is!another area is!
Figure out where Mr. K’s desk is in relation to something else in the room!
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Theme # 2: Movement• How are people linked together?How are people linked together?
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Movement:
• Movement is……..…Movement is……..…• How people in one area contact How people in one area contact
people in other areas.people in other areas.
• How ideas, people or goods move. How ideas, people or goods move.
• Examples: Immigration/Emigration, Examples: Immigration/Emigration, Transportation, Communication, and Transportation, Communication, and
Goods.Goods.
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Movement:
• What can move??
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Movement:
• How can things move??
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Movement:• Through movement we connect all of
our world together.
• This is called globalization!globalization!
• When we are interdependent on each other for our economy, culture, politics, socialization, and technology.
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Theme # 3: Region
• Areas defined by its characteristics.Areas defined by its characteristics.
• What does it have in common?What does it have in common?
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Region:
• A region describes:• Areas that have common characteristics.
• These can include Sports teams, buildings, or items identifiable to an area.
• Regions can be:
BIGBIGor
smallsmall
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Region:
• There are two types of Regions
• FormalFormal
• FunctionalFunctional
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Region:
• Formal Regions is an. . .• Area in which a certain characteristic is
found throughout throughout the area• Example: City, State, Country, Continent
• Example. The Pacific Northwest, the Northeast, the South, the west coast, etc…
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Region:
• Functional Regions
• Have one central place and is surrounded by the areas it affects
• Example: Hershey, PA or Seattle Wa
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Theme # 4: Place What is it like to live there?What is it like to live there?
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Place: W
hat i
s it l
ike?
Wha
t is i
t lik
e?
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Place: What is it like?What is it like?
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Place:
Wha
t is
it lik
e?
Wha
t is
it lik
e?
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Place:
Each PLACE on Earth has it own:
DISTINCT CHARACTERISTICSDISTINCT CHARACTERISTICS
Two types:Two types:
HumanHuman
OrOr
PhysicalPhysical
(something that makes it different than any other place in the world)
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Place:
• Physical Features:• The Earth is covered in 30 % land• All landforms are described by their elevation• Elevation is the height above sea level
• There are 4 main types of landforms they are:
1.Mountains
2.Hills
3.Plateaus
4.Plains
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Place:
• Physical Features:• Another physical feature is also an areas
climate.
– What affects climate?What affects climate?
• There are 3 major climate regions.• TropicalTropical
• Temperate (Mid-Latitude)Temperate (Mid-Latitude)
• PolarPolar
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Place:
All climate regions are affected by:1. Sun1. Sun
2. Water2. Water
3. Wind3. Wind
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Temperate:
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Polar:• Everything North of the Arctic Circle Everything North of the Arctic Circle
& Everything South of the Antarctic & Everything South of the Antarctic CircleCircle
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Polar:• No sunlight during part of the year No sunlight during part of the year
• No darkness during part of the yearNo darkness during part of the year
• Very cold Very cold
• Few people live hereFew people live here
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Human characteristics of Place•Language•Religion
•Architecture•Cultural identifiers
(dress/traditionsCeremonies, etc)
•Economic, social and political organization.
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• How we interact / adapt to How we interact / adapt to our environment? our environment? (Positively or negatively)(Positively or negatively)
Human/Environment Interaction:(HEI)
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HEI:
• Human/Environment Interaction explains:–How people use and change their
environment
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HEI:
• The environment influences how:
• We live and adapt to our surroundings.
• Examples:
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Does the environment affect where we Does the environment affect where we do these activities? (how are people do these activities? (how are people
adapting to the environment?adapting to the environment?
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HEI:
• When ever people come in contact with something they:
• Change it!
• Examples are: » Good
» Bad
» Both
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HEI = Global Warming
•A negative effect of people interacting with their environment.
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HEI = Global Warming
1979 2005
What is happening because of global warming?
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HEI: Global Warming
• What can we do to help??
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Location:AIQ
Movement:DLM
GeographicThemes
Place:EGOP
Human/Environment Interaction:
BHJN
Can you place the geographic term with
the correct geographic theme!?!?
EquatorBuilding roadsSouthwest AsiaVisiting another countryOn an island Western USA very hot climatePlanting cropslongitude
Cutting down forestsYour neighborhoodChanging your addressWritten lettersBuilding new housesAreas with little rainfallSwiss chalets & high mts = SwitzerlandTexas is south of Oklahoma
Region:
CFK
Location:AIQ
GeographicThemes
Human/Environment Interaction:
BHJN
EquatorBuilding roadsSouthwest AsiaVisiting another countryOn an island Western USA very hot climatePlanting cropslongitude
Cutting down forestsYour neighborhoodChanging your addressWritten lettersBuilding new housesAreas with little rainfallSwiss chalets & high mts = SwitzerlandTexas is south of Oklahoma
Region:
CFK
Location:AIQ
GeographicThemes
Human/Environment Interaction:
BHJN
EquatorBuilding roadsSouthwest AsiaVisiting another countryOn an island Western USA very hot climatePlanting cropslongitude
Cutting down forestsYour neighborhoodChanging your addressWritten lettersBuilding new housesAreas with little rainfallSwiss chalets & high mts = SwitzerlandTexas is south of Oklahoma
Region:
CFK
Location:AIQ
GeographicThemes
Human/Environment Interaction:
BHJN
Place:EGOP
EquatorBuilding roadsSouthwest AsiaVisiting another countryOn an island Western USA very hot climatePlanting cropslongitude
Cutting down forestsYour neighborhoodChanging your addressWritten lettersBuilding new housesAreas with little rainfallSwiss chalets & high mts = SwitzerlandTexas is south of Oklahoma
Region:
CFK
Location:AIQ
GeographicThemes
Human/Environment Interaction:
BHJN
Place:EGOP
EquatorBuilding roadsSouthwest AsiaVisiting another countryOn an island Western USA very hot climatePlanting cropslongitude
Cutting down forestsYour neighborhoodChanging your addressWritten lettersBuilding new housesAreas with little rainfallSwiss chalets & high mts = SwitzerlandTexas is south of Oklahoma
Region:
CFK
Location:AIQ
GeographicThemes
Place:EGOP
EquatorBuilding roadsSouthwest AsiaVisiting another countryOn an island Western USA very hot climatePlanting cropslongitude
Cutting down forestsYour neighborhoodChanging your addressWritten lettersBuilding new housesAreas with little rainfallSwiss chalets & high mts = SwitzerlandTexas is south of Oklahoma
Region:
CFK
Location:AIQ
GeographicThemes
Human/Environment Interaction:
BHJN
Movement:DLM
Can you place the geographic term with
the correct geographic theme!?!?