the florence copper project building a next generation … · 2014-03-07 · the florence copper...
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THE FLORENCE COPPER PROJECTBuilding a Next Generation Copper Producer
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WELCOME TO THE
FLORENCE COPPERPROJECT
Th e Florence Copper Project is an initiative of Curis Resources Ltd. to
permit, construct and operate an in-situ copper recovery (ISCR) operation
in Florence, Arizona.
Th e project, located in central Arizona within the municipal boundaries
of the Town of Florence, was acquired by Curis in February 2010. Curis is
working with residents and offi cials from the Town of Florence and relevant
State and Federal agencies to design, construct and operate a world-class
in-situ copper recovery project.
CURIS
Curis Resources Ltd.
Th e Florence Copper Project is an
initiative of Curis Resources Ltd., a
Vancouver, Canada-based mineral
exploration and development company
focused on acquiring, developing
and operating high-quality mineral
properties around the world. Curis is
associated with Hunter Dickinson Inc.
(HDI), one of Canada’s most progressive
mineral developers.
Hunter Dickinson Inc. (HDI)
HDI is a diversifi ed global mining
company with a 25-year history of
mineral development success. From
its head offi ce in Vancouver, Canada,
HDI establishes, develops and builds
publicly traded companies active
around the world in all phases of
mineral exploration. As an umbrella
organization, HDI provides its
companies with both cost and expertise
advantages through access to a shared
multi-disciplinary team of mining
professionals and industry experts and
leaders.
Like all HDI associated companies,
Curis Resources is committed to the
principles of ‘Responsible Mineral Development’. Th is means that local
people and communities must benefi t
from the exploration and development
activities that Curis undertakes, and
that principles of sustainability and
environmental stewardship guide all of
the company’s activities.
To achieve its Responsible Mineral Development goal, Curis is guided by two
fundamental priorities:
the Florence Copper Project must
be advanced in a manner that
respects and enhances local socio-
economic priorities; and
the Florence Copper Project must
incorporate the highest quality of
environmental stewardship and
management.
Th ese priorities must be fully refl ected
in all work undertaken by Curis.
RESPONSIBLE MINERAL DEVELOPMENT
MEET THE CEO MICHAEL MCPHIE
Michael McPhie is a mining executive with more than 20 years of operational and project
development experience. Michael has served as a senior executive, board member
and project manager with several international mining companies, was previously
President & CEO of the Mining Association of British Columbia and a senior director of
mineral policy with Natural Resources Canada. In 2004 he received a Service Distinction
Award from the Government of Canada and, in 2005, was acknowledged as being one
of Vancouver’s Top 40 under 40 business leaders. Michael holds a Bachelor of Science
in Physical Geography, a Masters of Science in Environment and Management and is
a registered Qualifi ed Environmental Professional (QEP) certifi ed by the Institute of
Professional Environmental Practice. Michael lives in Vancouver, BC with his wife of 15
years, Heli, and has three school aged boys.
Michael McPhie greets Florence residents at a Curis open house event
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CAPITAL INVESTMENT & SPIN-OFF BENEFITS: CREATING LOCAL OPPORTUNITIES Curis expects to invest some $45 million to advance the Florence Copper Project over a 2 year period. Development activities will
create employment and contract opportunities for local workers and businesses, as well as pay taxes to local, state and federal
authorities.
Historical work undertaken by previous owner BHP Copper suggests that the project could produce 75 to 83 million lb of copper
annually for 15 years. Based on consensus long-term copper pricing of between $2.25 and $2.50 per pound, Curis believes the
project has the potential to generate signifi cant supply and service contract opportunities, local and state tax revenues, and other
spin-off economic activity for years to come. Also based on work completed by BHP Copper in the late 1990s, it is estimated that
the Florence Copper Project in full operation has the potential to support 170 full-time and contract positions for professional,
technical, general labor and administrative staff .
Curis’ Local Hire Policy requires the company and its contractors to provide priority
consideration to local people for employment opportunities and to local businesses
for supply and service contracts, based on qualifi cations and merit. Curis is also
committed to ensuring that residents have access to training and educational
programs necessary to optimize local employment.
Economic studies prepared for the Arizona copper industry indicate that every
direct job at the Florence Copper Project has the potential to support another 4.75 indirect or induced jobs in the regional economy.
Th at means the project could create nearly 1,000 jobs in Florence, Pinal County and the State of Arizona. In addition, there will be
a substantial number of construction jobs created in preparation for operations.
Curis’ total expected capital expenditures to acquire the Florence Copper Project and undertake necessary engineering studies,
permitting and construction to bring the project to commercial production is estimated at $200 million. An additonal $300 million
will be incurred over the operational mine life.
COMMUNITY VALUES & INVESTMENT Curis understands the importance of establishing itself as a responsible
member and contributor to the Florence community.
Curis’ presence in Florence will allow the company to understand
local concerns and priorities, while at the same time building local
relationships and sustainable partnerships.
Curis will contribute through sponsorships, charitable contributions,
in-kind services, volunteering and providing general support in pursuit
of community goals that support environmental, economic and social
development. All Curis activities within the Town of Florence will refl ect
and support the core values represented by the company’s commitment
to Responsible Mineral Development.
As a neighbor, the Curis team is also committed to listening and responding to the concerns and questions of its stakeholders, and
will always strive to maintain open, two-way communication when interacting with the community. Planning considerations for
the Florence Copper Project will incorporate community feedback.
Th roughout 2010, the company plans to hold a number of open houses in the Florence area, and encourages all members of the
Florence and regional community to visit these educational and informational events. Curis also looks forward to welcoming
visitors seeking to learn more about the Florence Copper Project, the company and mining in general at its Florence Copper Project
Community Offi ce, located at 310 N. Main Street.
Th e Florence Copper Project Community Offi ce is located at 310 N. Main Street
Curis introduced the Florence Copper Project to the community at the company’s fi rst informational open house on June 15, 2010
Th e Florence Copper Project could create nearly 1,000 jobs in Florence, Pinal County and the State of Arizona
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WATER QUALITY
Modern in-situ copper recovery (ISCR) practices and technologies have been shown
to fully protect the integrity and quality of groundwater resources.
In the late 1990s, former Florence Copper Project owner BHP Copper undertook an
ISCR production test at the property. For the past 14 years, water quality monitoring
at 31 point of compliance wells surrounding the property has demonstrated that these
ISCR activities have had no adverse eff ects on groundwater quality or availability.
In order to receive operating permits, Curis must continue to conclusively
demonstrate to federal and state permitting agencies that neither groundwater
quality nor availability in areas outside the Florence Copper Project property will
be affected.
It is important to note that ISCR activities at Florence will not utilize the near surface
groundwater zones that provide water for local domestic and agricultural use.
PROTECTING
WATERRESOURCES
Protection of local groundwater resources is an absolute priority
for Curis Resources Ltd. to ensure that the Florence Copper Project
is developed in an environmentally sound and socially responsible
manner.
Water quality issues are closely regulated by the U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency (EPA) and the Arizona Department of Water
Quality (ADEQ). Both agencies will fully review operating and
closure plans for the Florence Copper Project before permits are
granted, and monitor Curis’ activities on an ongoing basis to ensure
that groundwater quality in the region is fully protected.
AlluviumGravel
ConglomerateAquitard
Oxide Zone
Sulfide Zone200 feet
Gravel
Aquitard
Conglomerate
Oxide/ Sulfide Interface
Sulfide Zone
LEGEND
Oxide Zone
Alluvium
Surface Level
290 ft~350 ft425 ft
1020 ft
40 ft/day
<0.003 ft/day<0.003 ft/day14 ft/day
2 ft/day
0.003 ft/day
FLOW RATE
50 ft
Clay aquitard acts as protective barrier to water quality in upper ground water zone.
In order to receive operating permits, Curis must continue to conclusively demonstrate to federal and state permitting agencies that neither groundwater quality nor availability in areas outside the Florence Copper Project property will be aff ected
ISCR activities confi ned exclusively to deeper oxide zone.
Regional and local potable water is obtained through wells in the upper conglomerate/gravel layer. There will be no impacts to water quality, fl ow or quantity in this area.
PVC injection and recovery wells are encased in protective concrete through to the oxide zone.
Florence Copper Project geology and groundwater fl ow rates
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PROJECT SITE BEFORE, DURING AND AFTER OPERATIONS
Following the completion of ISCR operations at the Florence Copper Project, the property will be reclaimed and returned to
productive use for residential development, farming, recreation or a combination of land uses.
Once a portion of the copper orebody is depleted of valuable minerals, injection and recovery wells are used to rinse the bedrock
with fresh groundwater. Once groundwater quality has returned to pre-development conditions, wells are cemented and closed off
below ground-level and the aff ected area is covered with native soils.
Reclamation and closure activities at the Florence Copper Project will be progressive, such that some portions of the ISCR production area will be fully reclaimed while others are still in operation. Following the completion of all ISCR operations, project buildings, facilities and infrastructure will be removed.
Monitoring will continue for 30 years to ensure the integrity of local water sources is maintained.
A comprehensive reclamation and closure plan must be approved by the State of Arizona before Curis can initiate ISCR operations at
Florence. Further, State authorities will ensure that suffi cient bonding or other fi nancial sureties are in place to responsibly close
and reclaim the Florence Copper Project site at any stage of its operating life.
Th e Florence Copper Project will have few, if any, visual impacts during operations or post-closure
Current Site, Looking South
During Operations
After Reclamation
WATER USE
Extensive hydrology studies have been conducted at the Florence Copper Project to ensure that project engineers fully understand
the direction of groundwater fl ow, fl ow gradient and the rate of existing use. Th is information is essential to ensure that hydraulic
control can be maintained at all times during ISCR operations and that local groundwater resources are protected.
Th e proposed ISCR production area at Florence comprises 213 acres. In full production, it
is estimated that some 1,300 acre-feet of water will be utilized within this operating area.
Th is is considerably less than agricultural production on the same land base, which would
require 1,700 – 2,600 acre-feet of water per year to grow 2 – 3 crops of alfalfa.
Curis Resources Ltd. expects that the Florence Copper Project will co-exist with
agricultural uses on adjacent lands, and even within the property boundaries itself. Th e project will also have no eff ect on other
users of local groundwater.
Currently, some 20 irrigation and domestic water wells are located in the vicinity of the Florence Copper Project site. One of these
wells, operated by the Bureau of Indian Aff airs on the Florence Copper Project lands, will have to be relocated. Groundwater quality
and availability for all other wells will be unchanged.
Monitoring will continue for 30 years to ensure the integrity of local water sources is maintained after operations
Th e project will have no eff ect on other users of local groundwater
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PROJECT GEOLOGY
Th e Florence Copper Project property
hosts a 429 million ton measured and
indicated oxide copper resource at a
0.05% cutoff , grading 0.331% Cu and
containing 2.84 billion lb of copper. Th e
deposit lies between 400 and 800 feet
below surface.
Due to the presence of soluble copper
oxide mineralization, extensively
fractured bedrock and groundwater
conditions that allow for both copper
recovery and aquifer protection, the
Florence Copper Project site is highly
amenable to in-situ copper recovery
methods, and has excellent potential to
become a world-class ISCR operation.
Copper within the deposit occurs as fi ne grained mineralization on the fractures of the rock. Removal of the copper by ISCR methods will not in any appreciable way alter the volume of material in the ground or cause any surface disturbance.
TRAFFIC/DUST & AIR QUALITY
Air quality eff ects associated with dust and emissions from the Florence Copper
Project solvent extraction/electrowinning (SX/EW) plant are expected to be
minimal and well within regulated standards enforced by Pinal County and the
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).
During operations, some 170 employees and contractors are likely to travel by
car to the Florence Copper Project site each day. Shipment of equipment and
supplies will require an average of 12 truck trips per day, while shipment of
copper cathode will require an average of three truck trips per day. All truck and
most car traffi c will use state highways and major arterial roads, and will not
enter residential neighborhoods.
Curis may also explore the development of a rail spur to connect the Florence
Copper Project to the Copper Basin Railway to the north as a means of
reducing road traffi c. Any such considerations will involve the Town of
Florence and its residents.
CULTURAL RESOURCES
Th e Florence Copper Project property contains archaeological sites and artifacts
associated with the Hohokam culture.
Curis is advancing partnership agreements with relevant stakeholders and
government agencies to ensure that archaeological and cultural resources
found on the property are treated properly. Parties include: Gila River Indian
Community, Ak Chin Indian Community, Salt River Pima Maricopa Indian
Community, the Tohono O’odham Nation, Hopi Tribe, the Arizona State
Historic Preservation Offi ce and the Environmental Protection Agency.
Curis will continue and expand the extensive cultural resource survey work
undertaken by BHP Copper in the 1990s. Archaeological sites will be respected
and regulations and agreements will be followed to ensure artifacts and cultural
resources are treated appropriately.
PROPERTY & LOCATIONTh e Florence Copper Project is located northwest of Florence town center on a 1,342-acre land package south of Hunt Highway. Land holdings include 1,182 acres of private land and a 160-acre State of Arizona mineral lease.
Th e Florence Copper Project property currently hosts administration and storage buildings, basic road and power infrastructure, as well as ISCR production test facilities installed by previous owner BHP Copper. Th ese include injection, recovery and monitoring wells, solution storage tanks and a water impoundment.
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IN-SITU COPPERRECOVERY In-situ copper recovery (ISCR) presents a number of benefi ts over
traditional mining practices. It results in minimal disturbance to the surface
or aesthetics of the land, and provides for a broader range of post closure
land use opportunities.
A typical ISCR operation consists of a series of injection, recovery and
monitoring wells penetrating a soluble copper orebody. A low pH solution
similar in strength to lemon juice or household vinegar is pumped through
perforations in the injection wells and into the copper mineralization. Th e
solution passes through cracks in the ore and dissolves the copper into solution.
Th is copper-rich solution is then pumped to surface through recovery wells
where it is captured for processing. Typically, a ring of four recovery wells
surrounds each injection well, creating a hydrologic fl ow that allows for full
recapture of all solution.
Pumping rates in recovery wells are typically 30% higher than the rate at
which solution is injected into the copper orebody, further ensuring that all
solution is recaptured and local groundwater resources are protected. Copper
bearing solution is then sent to a solvent extraction/electrowinning (SX/EW)
plant for the on-site manufacture of 99.999% pure copper cathode sheets.
Although ISCR technology and practices have been employed throughout
North America and around the world for more than 50 years, including at
several project sites in Arizona, the Florence Copper Project will be the fi rst
stand alone operation of its kind.
Curis is proposing to undertake a 12 – 14-month ISCR production test at
Florence. Th is test will occur on an area of less than 2 acres using 20 injection,
recovery and monitoring wells. Th e goals of the test are to enhance copper
recoveries beyond those achieved by BHP Copper, and to facilitate project
permitting and confi rm project economics.
Full ISCR production will require the installation of an ISCR well-fi eld,
upgrading and expansion of solution storage tanks, construction of an SX/EW
plant and associated administration, transportation and power infrastructure.
ISCR
Recovery of copper-
bearing solution
Injection of
recovery
solution
375 ft
450 ft70 ft
Monitoring
Well
Sulfide Zone
Oxide Zone
ConglomerateGravel
Aquitard
70 ft100 ft
Th e orientation of injection and recovery wells at the Florence Copper Project, along with pumping rates, will ensure full recovery of all ISCR solution
A typical well at the Florence Copper Project
In-situ copper recovery results in minimal disturbance to the surface or aesthetics of the land, and provides for a broader range of post closure land use opportunities
Recovery of very fi ne copper mineralization by ISCR methods will not change the volume of material in the oxide zone
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PROJECT TIMELINE
Curis plans to invest some $45 million over a 2 year period to advance the Florence Copper Project into commercial production.
Th e primary focus of Curis’ initial project investment will be engineering and environmental studies, permitting activities, a small
on-site production test, community outreach and the operation of a local offi ce.
CONTACT INFORMATIONTh e Florence Copper Project
1575 West Hunt Highway, Florence, AZ USA 85132
Tel 520.374.3984 Fax 520.374.3999
Curis Resources Ltd.
1020 - 800 West Pender Street, Vancouver, BC V6C 2V6 Canada
Toll Free 800.667.2114 Fax 604.684.8092 fl orencecopperproject.com
HISTORY
Copper mineralization was fi rst discovered at Florence in the early 1960s. By the late 1970s, signifi cant drilling and metallurgical
testwork had been completed.
Magma Copper Company acquired the project in 1992 and completed a Prefeasibility Study that identifi ed ISCR, followed by SX/EW
processing, to be the most feasible development option.
In 1996, BHP acquired Magma and conducted extensive geological and metallurgical studies at Florence. By 1999, the project was
fully permitted for ISCR operations.
Following a major decline in world copper prices, BHP Copper sold the majority of their copper assets in the United States –
including the Florence Copper Project lands. Fourteen years of quarterly water quality monitoring data before, during and after
BHP Copper’s ISCR production test conclusively demonstrates the reliability and low risk of in-situ copper recovery methods.
Curis Resources intends to incorporate
sustainable development principles
into all aspects of Florence Copper
Project operations. Th is includes
using, wherever possible, renewable
energy, specifi cally solar energy, to
supply power needs to the project. Th e
abundance of solar resources in the
Florence area presents a tremendous
opportunity to demonstrate the
use of this technology in a modern
mining project.Curis intends to use renewable energy sources, such as solar to power, the Florence Copper Project
RENEWABLE ENERGY & SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AT THE FLORENCE COPPER PROJECT
Copper is a superior conductor of electricity
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