the fourth industrial revolution and successful innovation seok... · the fourth industrial...

The Fourth Industrial Revolution and Successful Innovation

May 5, 2017

Presented by Prof. Kyeong Seok HAN, [email protected]

Contents• What is the 4th Industrial Revolution ?• A Fusion of Technologies-Consulting with

the Deep Learning Concept• Consulting Environment: Connection

through IoT(Internet of Things)• Consulting While Considering The Future of

Jobs • Conclusion

• The First Industrial Revolution used water and steam power to mechanize production.

• The Second used electric power to create mass production.

• The Third used electronics and information technology to automate production.

• Now a Fourth Industrial Revolution is building on the Third, the digital revolution that has been occurring since the middle of the last century.

What is the 4th Industrial Revolution ?(Source: WEF(World Economic Forum))

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• It is characterized by a fusion of technologies that is blurring the lines between the physical, digital, and biological spheres.

• There are three reasons why today’s transformations represent not merely a prolongation of the Third Industrial Revolution but rather the arrival of a Fourth and distinct one: velocity, scope, and systems impact.


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• The speed of current breakthroughs has no historical precedent.

• When compared with previous industrial revolutions, the Fourth is evolving at an exponential rather than a linear pace.

• Moreover, it is disrupting almost every industry in every country.

• And the breadth and depth of these changes herald the transformation of entire systems of production, management, and governance. 5

• The possibilities of billions of people connected by mobile devices, with unprecedented processing power, storage capacity, and access to knowledge, are unlimited.

• And these possibilities will be multiplied by emerging technology breakthroughs in fields such as artificial intelligence, robotics, the Internet of Things, autonomous vehicles, 3-D printing, nanotechnology, biotechnology, materials science, energy storage, and quantum computing.


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• On the whole, there are four main effects that the Fourth Industrial Revolution has on business—on customer expectations, on product enhancement, on collaborative innovation, and on organizational forms: • On customer expectations

->Consulting for Marketing• On product enhancement

->Consulting for Operations Management

What is the 4th Industrial Revolution ? The Impact on Consulting Business (Source: WEF(World Economic Forum))

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• On customer expectations ->Consulting for Marketing

• On product enhancement->Consulting for Operations Management

• On collaborative innovation->Consulting for Innovation, and

• On organizational forms->Consulting for Human Resource Management*Basic technologies to support the consulting are those of Management Information Systems.

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What is the 4th Industrial Revolution ? The Impact on Consulting Business (Source: WEF(World Economic Forum))

• A key trend is the development of technology-enabled platforms that combine both demand and supply to disrupt existing industry structures, such as those we see within the “sharing” or “on demand” economy.

• These technology platforms, rendered easy to use by the smartphone, convene people, assets, and data—thus creating entirely new ways of consuming goods and services in the process.


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• A world of customer experiences, data-based services, and asset performance through analytics, meanwhile, requires new forms of collaboration, particularly given the speed at which innovation and disruption are taking place.

• And the emergence of global platforms and other new business models, finally, means that talent, culture, and organizational forms will have to be rethought.


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• Overall, the inexorable shift from simple digitization (the Third Industrial Revolution) to innovation based on combinations of technologies (the Fourth Industrial Revolution) is forcing companies to reexamine the way they do business.

• The bottom line, however, is the same: business leaders, senior executives and management consultants like CMCs need to understand their changing environment, challenge the assumptions of their operating teams, and relentlessly and continuously innovate.


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• Intelligence has been defined in many different ways including as one's capacity for logic, understanding, self-awareness, learning, emotional knowledge, planning, creativity and problem solving. It can be more generally described as the ability to perceive information, and retain it as knowledge to be applied towards adaptive behaviors within an environment or context.

Definition: Intelligence

A Fusion of Technologies-Consulting with the Deep Learning Concept

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Definitions: AI vs IA

AIisArtificialIntelligence,orintelligencein

machines(smartmachines)

• IA is Intelligence Augmentation, or peoplethinking and working together with smartmachines.

• IA is what IBM calls “Cognitive Computing”and the smart machines are called “WatsonSolutions” or more generally “DigitalCognitive Systems (Cogs)”

(Source: The presentation by Dr. Jim Spohrer (IBM) © IBM UPWard 2016)

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• Disciplines: Breadth of disciplines to tackle issues: • Psychology and cognitive science,

philosophy, design and art, public policy and management, law and regulations

• Systems: Professional associations to tackle industry and system issues, including novice to expert progression on tasks

• Socio-technical system design loop and smart service systems

Multi-disciplinary research: The Main Role of CMCs


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• Tool

• Assistant

• Collaborator

• Coach

• Mediator

Types of AI for Management Consultants (CMCs)

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Types: Progression of models and capabilities

Task & World Model/Planning & Decisions

Self Model/Capacity & Limits

User Model/Episodic Memory

Institutions Model/Trust & Social Acts

Tool + - - -

Assistant ++ + - -

Collaborator +++ ++ + -

Coach ++++ +++ ++ +

Mediator +++++ ++++ +++ ++

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Artificial Neural Networks

Dendrite Soma Axon Spin


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• Simple Perceptron• The neuronal model we have just discussed is

also known as a perceptron • The perceptron is the simplest form of a neural

network used for the classification of patterns said to be linearly separable

• Basically, it consists of a single neuron with adjustable synaptic weights and bias


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• Simple Perceptron


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Simple Perception


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Simple Perception – Example

Banana

Apple


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Simple Perception – Example

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X2=(30/300)x1-(50/300)

-(50/300)

(200,19.83)

(210,9.4)

(195,8.1)

(140,17.9)


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• Simple Perception – Example

-30*121 + 300*16.8 +50 = 1,460 > 0àClass C1

-30*210 + 300*9.4 +50 = -3,430 < 0àClass C2


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Internet of Things (IoT)• Extending the current Internet and providing

connection, communication, and inter-networking between devices and physical objects, or "Things," is a growing trend that is often referred to as the Internet of Things.

• “The technologies and solutions that enable integration of real world data and services into the current information networking technologies are often described under the umbrella term of the Internet of Things (IoT)”

Consulting Environment: Connection through IoT(Internet of Things)

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Sensor devices are becoming widely available- Programmable devices- Off-the-shelf gadgets/tools


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More “Things” are being connected

Home/daily-life devicesBusiness and Public infrastructureHealth-care…


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People Connecting to Things

Motion sensorMotion sensor

Motion sensor

ECG sensor

Internet


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Things Connecting to Things

- Complex and heterogeneous resources and networks


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• Extensions– More nodes, more connections, IPv6, 6LowPan,...– Any TIME, Any PLACE, Any THING– M2M, IoT

• Billions of interconnected devices,• Everybody connected.

• Expansions– Broadband

• Enhancements– Smart networks– Data-centric and content-oriented networking – Context-aware (autonomous) systems

How are the networks changing?


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Why should CMCs learn about IoT?

• Business Trend• Emerging Technologies• Growing IoT Services and Application• Innovating Clients’ Companies through

New Technologies


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Opportunities

Source: http://blog.trentonsystems.com/internet-of-things-crosses-business-personal-boundaries/


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Technology trend


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Market growth• “According to a study conducted by Frost & Sullivan in 2011, the global

RFID market of $3 billion to $4 billion (in 2009) will grow by twelve percent per year through 2016 and reach a volume of approximately $6.5 billion to almost $9 billion.”

• 80 percent of all households in the European Union are expected to have intelligent power meters by 2020.

• A building’s energy management can then be monitored and administered remotely via a smartphone or a PC. Market experts predict that this global market, which represented $5.3 billion in 2010.

• In February 2012 the Chinese government therefore decided to set up a fund of approximately $775 million to support this field in the next five years. It will grow to $11 billion by 2015.– This sector is expected to grow to $116 billion by 2015, according to

a report published by the Xinhua News Agency in late 2010.Source: Siemens, http://www.siemens.com/innovation/apps/pof_microsite/_pof-fall-2012/_html_en/facts-and-forecasts-growth-market-of-the-future.html


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Internet Connected devices

Source: Siemens, http://www.siemens.com/innovation/apps/pof_microsite/_pof-fall-2012/_html_en/facts-and-forecasts-growth-market-of-the-future.html


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Image courtesy: Wilgengebroed

Internet of Things Module


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• Today,weareatthebeginningofaFourthIndustrialRevolution.Developmentsingenetics,artificialintelligence,robotics,nanotechnology,3Dprintingandbiotechnology,tonamejustafew,areallbuildingonandamplifyingoneanother.

• Smartsystems—homes,factories,farms,gridsorcities—willhelptackleproblemsrangingfromsupplychainmanagementtoclimatechange.

• Theriseofthesharingeconomywillallowpeopletomonetizeeverythingfromtheiremptyhousetotheircar.

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Consulting While Considering The Future of Jobs

• TheFutureofJobsReportisafirststepinbecomingspecificaboutthechangesathand.Ittapsintotheknowledgeofthosewhoarebestplacedtoobservethedynamicsofworkforces—ChiefHumanResourcesandStrategyOfficers—byaskingthemwhatthecurrentshiftsmean,specificallyforemployment,skillsandrecruitmentacrossindustriesandgeographies.


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• Thequestion,then,ishowCMCswillreacttothesedevelopments.

• Topreventaworst-casescenario—technologicalchangeaccompaniedbytalentshortages,massunemploymentandgrowinginequality—reskillingandupskillingoftoday’sworkerswillbecritical.

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• Inparticular,businesscollaborationwithinindustriestocreatelargerpoolsofskilledtalentwillbecomeindispensable,aswillmulti-sectorskillingpartnershipsthatleveragetheverysamecollaborativemodelsthatunderpinmanyofthetechnology-drivenbusinesschangesunderwaytoday.

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• Toensurethatweachievethisvision,wemustbecomemorespecificandmuchfasterinunderstandingthechangesunderwayandcognizantofourcollectiveresponsibilitytoleadourbusinessesandcommunitiesthroughthistransformativemoment.

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• Disruptivechangestobusinessmodelswillhaveaprofoundimpactontheemploymentlandscapeoverthecomingyears.

• Manyofthemajordriversoftransformationcurrentlyaffectingglobalindustriesareexpectedtohaveasignificantimpactonjobs,rangingfromsignificantjobcreationtojobdisplacement,andfromheightenedlabourproductivitytowideningskillsgaps.

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• Byonepopularestimate,65%ofchildrenenteringprimaryschooltodaywillultimatelyendupworkingincompletelynewjobtypesthatdon’tyetexist.

• Insucharapidlyevolvingemploymentlandscape,theabilitytoanticipateandprepareforfutureskillsrequirements,jobcontentandtheaggregateeffectonemploymentisincreasinglycriticalforbusinesses,governmentsandindividualsinordertofullyseizetheopportunitiespresentedbythesetrends—andtomitigateundesirableoutcomes.

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ImpactofDisruptiveChangeonEmployment• Bycontrast,furtherunpackingthebundleof

technologicaldriversofchangeinthemould oftheFourthIndustrialRevolutionyieldsarathermoreoptimisticpictureregardingthejobcreationpotentialoftechnologiessuchasBigDataanalytics,mobileinternet,theInternetofThingsandrobotics.

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• CMCs need to prepare the future consulting business based on the Innovation through the New Body of Knowledge and Strategies to Adjust Ourselves to Disruptively Changing Environment in the Fourth Industrial Revolution Era.

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Conculsion

Thank youQ&A

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