1754 – 1763Also known as “The Seven Years War”

George Washington◦ Virginian

◦ Gifted in Mathematics

◦ Started out as a land surveyor at age 15

◦ At age 22, in 1754, sent to lead 150 men to build a fort where the Monongahela and Allegheny rivers meet to form the Ohio River

◦ BUT, the French had already build Fort Duquesne where he was supposed to build his fort.

George Washington◦ Washington carries out his orders and surprises

the French. They counter-attack and Washington builds Fort Necessity for protection.

◦ They were outnumbered by 700 Frenchmen and Native Americans.

◦ The Virginians surrender and Washington is released by the French and returns home.

At the same time, delegates from the 13 colonies are meeting in Albany, New York to create an alliance with the Iroquois and a plan for colonial defense.

Ben Franklin – Pennsylvania – proposes the Albany Plan of Union

An attempt to create one central, general government for the colonies

Called for a GRAND COUNCIL of representatives from each colony to make laws, raise taxes, and set up defense of the colonies

Delegates vote to accept it but when they returned to their colonies it was rejected by the colonial assemblies – no one wanted to give up individual colonial control.

Ben Franklin is disappointed.

General Braddock leads the British through several defeats. He was stubborn and had little experience in America.

Fort Duquesne – Braddock is fatally wounded and nearly half the British troops are killed our wounded

The war goes badly for the British for two years

William Pitt becomes the new head of British government

He is more successful

Begins to capture important French forts and wear down the French troops.

Quebec was VITAL to New France◦ Without Quebec, the French could not supply their

forts farther up the St. Lawrence River

City sat on the edge of the Plains of Abraham – a steep cliff above the St. Lawrence River

Both Generals die in the intense battle – but the British won

Brings the fighting to an end

Marks the end of French power in North America

Britain gains Canada and all French lands east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans

Spain received all French land West of the Mississippi

Spain gave Florida to the British

Color the maps we glued into the spirals.

Map 1 – p.139 Map 2 – p. 144

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