• Effective Public Communication [COM 30103]

• Name: Pang Khai Shuen

• Student ID: 0318423

• Individual Assignment: Oral Presentation (Part 1)

• Lecturer: Persis Dineen Rodrigues

FUJIAN TULOUEARTHEN BUILDINGS OF THE FUJIAN DISTRICT

Photo taken from: UNESCO

土 楼（Tǔ） （Lóu）

Earth Building

Photo taken from: ikpmhtjogja.com Photo taken from: Wikipedia

YEAR: 311 A.D. TANG DYNASTY

DISASTER OF YONGJIA 永嘉之祸

YEAR: 1129 A.D. SONG DYNASTY

JIN-SONG WARS 宋金战争

DISASTER OF YONG JIA

JIN-SONG WARS

MIGRATION OF THE HAKKA PEOPLE

MOUNTAIN RANGES OFSOUTHWESTERN FUJIAN

• Cohesiveness

• Peace

• Resources

External Structure

•Oval•Circle•Square

Photo taken from: Wikipedia

Round?

• Scarce Resources• Space

Photos adapted from: chinadwelling.dk

Stability & Ease of Construction

Photos adapted from: chinadwelling.dk & WIkipedia

Internal Structure

• Ancestral Altar

• Living Quarters

Photos taken from: chinadwelling.dk & skyscrapercity.com

Riverstones- Base

Sanhetu (Concrete)- Walls

Wood (Pine)- Internal Structures

Photos taken from: skyscrapercity.com

Summer

Winter

Sustainability

Photos taken from: Sustainability (2012)

Thank You

References• Bedford, D. (2005). China. London, New York : DK Pub., c2005, 2008.

• Ueda, M. (2012). A Preliminary Environmental Assessment for the Preservation and Restoration of Fujian Hakka Tulou Complexes.Sustainability (2071-1050), 4(11), 2803-2817. doi:10.3390/su4112803

• UNESCO World Heritage Centre. (n.d). Fujian Tulou. [online] Available at: <http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1113/> [Accessed 4 January 2015]

• Wikipedia. (n.d). Fujian Tulou. [online] (updated 7 November 2014) Available at: <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fujian_Tulou> [Accessed 5 January 2015]

• Chinadwelling. (n.d). Clan Homes in Fujian. [online] Available at: <http://www.chinadwelling.dk> [Accessed 4 January 2015]

• Designboom. 2012. Urbanus / Liu Xiaodu: Designboom Conversation in Beijing. [online] Available at: <http://www.designboom.com/architecture/urbanus-liu-xiaodu-designboom-conversation-in-beijing/> [Accessed 4 January 2015]

• Old China Books Book Log. 2013. Tulou 土樓 Communities, “Closed Outside, Open Inside” – a Variety of Chinese Courtyard Architecture. [online] Available at: <http://oldchinabooks.com/YangShen_eBook_Blog/2013/09/02/tulou-土樓-communities-closed-outside-open-inside-a-variety-of-chinese-courtyard-architecture/> [Accessed 5 January 2015]

• The Guardian. 2010. East meets West as 1602 Chinese Map Goes on Show in the US. [online] Available at: <http://www.theguardian.com/world/2010/jan/13/1602-chinese-map-washington> [Accessed 6 January 2015]

• Wikipedia. (n.d). Disaster of Yongjia. [online] Available at: <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disaster_of_Yongjia> [Accessed 7 January 2015]

• Wikipedia. (n.d). W. W. Griest Building. [online] Available at: <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/W._W._Griest_Building> [Accessed 7 January 2015]

• Wikipedia. (n.d). Jin-Song Wars. [online] Available at: <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jin–Song_Wars#Historical_significance> [Accessed 7 January 2015]

• Ikatan Komunikasi Pelajar-Mahasiswa Halmahera Timur Yogyakarta. 2013. Tanah. [online] Available at: <http://ikpmhtjogja.com/2013/06/tanah/> [Accessed 7 January 2015]

• Amazing Fujian Tulou. 2014. Hakka Tulou. [online] Available at: <http://www.amazingfujiantulou.com/About-tulou/tulou-presentation-overview.html> [Accessed 5 January 2015]

• Skyscrapercity. (n.d). Fujian Tulou. [online] Available at: <http://www.skyscrapercity.com/showthread.php?t=800578> [Accessed 10 January 2015]