Function of the skeletal system

The function of the skeletal system, Types of bone and planes of

movement

Functions:Provides a framework for the body

Allows movement of the body as a whole and its individual parts

The skeleton gives the body its distinctive shape and is the framework that which to attach muscles and other soft tissue.

Without a skeleton we would be a big bag of….FLUID!!

Bones act as levers and by forming joints allows muscles to pull on them and create joint movements… so we can move in all directions and perform the functions we need on a daily basis.

Protection

Production of blood cells

Certain bones contain RED bone marrow, the bone marrow produces RED blood cells, WHITE blood cells and PLATELETS

The ‘certain’ bones are: Pelvis, Sternum, Vertebrae, Costals, Cranial bones and Clavicle.

Bones will support and protect the vital organs they contain.

What 4 examples can you think of???

Storage of minerals and fats

Attachment of soft tissue

Bones themselves are minerals stored within cartilage… acting as a mineral store for Calcium, Magnesium and Phosphorous.

Fats (triglycerides) are also stored within the YELLOW bone marrow.

Bones provide the surface for attachment of soft tissues, such as Muscles, Ligaments and Tendons.

Types of BoneLong Bone

Short Bone

FemurHumerusTibiaMetacarpalsPhalanges

Having a body longer than it is wide and having growth plates at either end (epiphysis)

They are approximately wide as they are long

Function of Protection and Stability, with little movement

Flat Bones

Flat bones are strong, flat plates of bone with the main function of providing protection to the bodies vital organs and being a base for muscular attachment.

Scapula (shoulder blade). The Sternum (breast bone), Cranium (skull), Pelvis and Ribs are also classified as flat bones

Irregular Bones

Sesamoid Bones

These are bones that do not fit into any other category due to their unusual shape.

Good examples being the Vertebrae, Sacrum and Mandible (lower jaw).

Sesamoid bones are usually present in a tendon where it passes over a joint, acting as protection to the tendon.

The most obvious example: The Patella (knee cap) which sits within the Patella or Quadriceps tendon.

Sesamoid bones are usually short or irregular bones, imbedded in a tendon.

• Anterior – To the front• Posterior – To the rear• Medial – Towards the midline• Lateral – Away from the midline• Proximal – Near to the root• Distal – away from the root• Superior – Above• Inferior – Below

Visual view of the anatomical structure

Planes of Movement

Task…Continue with the P1 assessment from yesterday, using the same word document!

• The different types of bone (i.e. long, short, flat, irregular, sesamoid) and identify the major boneswithin the body.• The function of the skeletal system (i.e. support; protection; attachment for skeletal muscle; source ofblood cell production; store of minerals)

You should also finish off the work that you started in yesterdays lesson… making sure that you look at the rest of the assessment below.

…If finished all of the above assessment, start to look at the different types of joints within the body (Elbow=Hinge Joint)