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The Future of Organic Electronics

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Page 1: The Future of Organic Electronics. ORGANIC ELECTRONICS Organic electronics, plastic electronics or polymer electronics, is a branch of electronics that

The Future of Organic Electronics

Page 2: The Future of Organic Electronics. ORGANIC ELECTRONICS Organic electronics, plastic electronics or polymer electronics, is a branch of electronics that

ORGANIC ELECTRONICS

• Organic electronics, plastic electronics or polymer electronics, is a branch of electronics that deals with conductive polymers, plastics, or small molecules. It is called 'organic' electronics because the polymers and small molecules are carbon-based, like the molecules of living things. This is as opposed to traditional electronics (or metal electronics) which relies on inorganic conductors such as copper or silicon.

Page 3: The Future of Organic Electronics. ORGANIC ELECTRONICS Organic electronics, plastic electronics or polymer electronics, is a branch of electronics that

FEATURESConductive polymers are lighter, more flexible, and less expensive than inorganic conductors. This makes them a desirable alternative in many applications. It also creates the possibility of new applications that would be impossible using copper or silicon. Organic electronics not only includes organic semiconductors, but also dielectrics, conductors and light emitters.

New applications include smart windows and electronic paper. Conductive polymers are expected to play an important role in the emerging science of molecular computers.

Page 4: The Future of Organic Electronics. ORGANIC ELECTRONICS Organic electronics, plastic electronics or polymer electronics, is a branch of electronics that

Inorganic vs. Organic• Organic electronics, or plastic electronics, is the branch of

electronics that deals with conductive polymers, which are carbon based.

• Inorganic electronics, on the other hand, relies on inorganic conductors like copper or silicon.

Silicon sample

Carbon sample

Page 5: The Future of Organic Electronics. ORGANIC ELECTRONICS Organic electronics, plastic electronics or polymer electronics, is a branch of electronics that

Benefits and Obstacles

• Organic electronics are lighter, more flexible, and less expensive than their inorganic counterparts.

• They are also biodegradable (being made from carbon).• This opens the door to many exciting and advanced new

applications that would be impossible using copper or silicon.• However, conductive polymers have high resistance and

therefore are not good conductors of electricity.• In many cases they also have shorter lifetimes and are much

more dependant on stable environment conditions than inorganic electronics would be.

Page 6: The Future of Organic Electronics. ORGANIC ELECTRONICS Organic electronics, plastic electronics or polymer electronics, is a branch of electronics that

Cost

Fabrication Cost

Device Size

Material

Required Conditions

Process

Organic Electronic

$5 / ft2

Low Capital

10 ft x Roll to Roll

Flexible Plastic Substrate

Ambient Processing

Continuous Direct Printing

Silicon

$100 / ft2

$1-$10 billion

< 1m2

Rigid Glass or Metal

Ultra Clean room

Multi-step Photolithography

Page 7: The Future of Organic Electronics. ORGANIC ELECTRONICS Organic electronics, plastic electronics or polymer electronics, is a branch of electronics that

Organic Light Emitting Diodes (OLEDs)

• An OLED is a thin film LED in which the emissive layer is an organic compound.

• When this layer is polymeric (or plastic), OLEDs can be deposited in rows and columns on a screen using simple printing methods that are much more efficient than those used in manufacturing traditional LEDs.

• A key benefit of OLEDs is that

they don’t need a backlight to

function.

Page 8: The Future of Organic Electronics. ORGANIC ELECTRONICS Organic electronics, plastic electronics or polymer electronics, is a branch of electronics that

How it Works• An electron and hole pair is generated inside the emissive

layer by a cathode and a transparent anode, respectively.• When the electron

and hole combine, a photon is produced, which will show up as a dot of light on the screen.

• Many OLEDs together on a screen make up a picture

Page 9: The Future of Organic Electronics. ORGANIC ELECTRONICS Organic electronics, plastic electronics or polymer electronics, is a branch of electronics that

• Less expensive to produce• Wide range of colors and viewing angle• Consumes much less energy than traditional LCDs.• Flexible and extremely thin• Limited lifetime of about 1,000 hours.• Susceptible to water

Page 10: The Future of Organic Electronics. ORGANIC ELECTRONICS Organic electronics, plastic electronics or polymer electronics, is a branch of electronics that

Organic transistors• INTRODUCTION Organic transistors are transistors that use organic molecules rather than silicon for their

active material. This active material can be composed of a wide variety of molecules.

• Advantages of organic transistors:– Compatibility with plastic substances– Lower temperature is used while manufacturing (60-120°C)– Lower cost and deposition processes such as spin-coating, printing and evaporation

• Disadvantages of organic transistors:– Lower mobility and switching speeds compared to Si wafers– Usually does not operate under invasion mode.

Example of an organic transistor (on the side)

Page 11: The Future of Organic Electronics. ORGANIC ELECTRONICS Organic electronics, plastic electronics or polymer electronics, is a branch of electronics that

Organic Thin film transistors(OTFTS)

• TFTs are transistors created using thin films, usually of silicon deposited on glass. The deposited silicon must be crystallized using laser pulses at high temperatures. OTFTs active layers can be theramlly evaporated and deposited on any organic substrate (a flexible piece of plastic) at much lower temperatures.

• Benefits of an OTFT:– Does not require glass substrate as amorphous Si does. It could be made on a piece of plastic.– Manufactured at lower temperatures– Deposition techniques could reduce costs dramatically.

• Challenges involved:– Workarounds for complications with photo resists.– To find organic semiconductors with high enough mobilities and switching times.

Page 12: The Future of Organic Electronics. ORGANIC ELECTRONICS Organic electronics, plastic electronics or polymer electronics, is a branch of electronics that

FIGURES OF OFTFS

Page 13: The Future of Organic Electronics. ORGANIC ELECTRONICS Organic electronics, plastic electronics or polymer electronics, is a branch of electronics that

FUTURE

OTFT technology’s application is diverse. Organic thin-film transistor (OTFT) technology involves the use of organic semiconducting compounds in electronic components, notably computer displays. Such displays are bright, the colors are vivid, they provide fast response times (which need to be developed in OTFT), and they are easy to read in most ambient lighting environments.

Page 14: The Future of Organic Electronics. ORGANIC ELECTRONICS Organic electronics, plastic electronics or polymer electronics, is a branch of electronics that

Picture of an OTFT made on a plastic substrate

Page 15: The Future of Organic Electronics. ORGANIC ELECTRONICS Organic electronics, plastic electronics or polymer electronics, is a branch of electronics that

Organic Nano-Radio Frequency Identification Devices

Page 16: The Future of Organic Electronics. ORGANIC ELECTRONICS Organic electronics, plastic electronics or polymer electronics, is a branch of electronics that

Using Nano devices researchers intend to replace the cumbersome UPC barcode that is found on many products and replace it with one of these tags. Scientists are currently working on this technology to apply it to mass checkout at supermarkets, but have several minor obstacles that still must be overcome.

Two of these obstacles are that each individual tag must cost less than one cent, and each RFID must function in the presence of substantial amounts of metal and radio frequency absorbing fluids

EXPLAINATION

Page 17: The Future of Organic Electronics. ORGANIC ELECTRONICS Organic electronics, plastic electronics or polymer electronics, is a branch of electronics that

Production and Applications

• Quicker Checkout• Inventory Control• Reduced Waste• Efficient flow of goods

from manufacturer to consumer

Page 18: The Future of Organic Electronics. ORGANIC ELECTRONICS Organic electronics, plastic electronics or polymer electronics, is a branch of electronics that

Production Specifications of Manufacturing a Nano-RFID

• > 96 bits• Four main communication Bands:

135KHz, 13.56MHz, 900MHz, 2.4 GHz• Vacuum Sublimation

Page 19: The Future of Organic Electronics. ORGANIC ELECTRONICS Organic electronics, plastic electronics or polymer electronics, is a branch of electronics that

Vacuum Sublimation has allowed for excellent performance using small-molecule organic materials, resulting in circuits operating at several megahertz. Each nano-device will consist of 96 bits of information, but may contain more, such as 128 bits.

The operating range for low cost devices will be limited by the power delivery from the reader to each tag. This makes the lower frequencies more appealing because they are better for power coupling. Thus, 13.54MHz looks like the most attractive frequency, however researchers are also considering the frequency at the 900Mhz range also plausible.

Meaning Of Vacuum sublimation

Page 20: The Future of Organic Electronics. ORGANIC ELECTRONICS Organic electronics, plastic electronics or polymer electronics, is a branch of electronics that

The Future of Organic Electronics

Page 21: The Future of Organic Electronics. ORGANIC ELECTRONICS Organic electronics, plastic electronics or polymer electronics, is a branch of electronics that

Smart Textiles

•Integrates electronic devices into textiles, like clothing•Made possible because of low fabrication temperatures•Has many potentialuses, including:Monitoring heart-rateand other vital signs,controlling embeddeddevices (mp3 players),keep the time…

Page 22: The Future of Organic Electronics. ORGANIC ELECTRONICS Organic electronics, plastic electronics or polymer electronics, is a branch of electronics that

Lab on a Chip•A device that incorporates multiple laboratory functions in a single chip•Organic is replacing some Si fabrication methods: -Lower cost -Easier to manufacture -More flexible

http://www.orgatronics.com/lab_on_chip.html

Page 23: The Future of Organic Electronics. ORGANIC ELECTRONICS Organic electronics, plastic electronics or polymer electronics, is a branch of electronics that

Portable, Compact Screens•Black and White prototype already made by Philips(the Readius™ at the bottom-left)•Screens that can roll up into small devices•Color devices will be here eventually

Page 24: The Future of Organic Electronics. ORGANIC ELECTRONICS Organic electronics, plastic electronics or polymer electronics, is a branch of electronics that

References• http://whatis.techtarget.com/definition/

0,,sid9_gci512140,00.html

• students.washington.edu/jetpeach/ EE341_Organic_Transistors_Presentation.ppt

• http://www.chem.uky.edu/research/anthony/tft.html

• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OLED

• www.tagsysrfid.com

Page 25: The Future of Organic Electronics. ORGANIC ELECTRONICS Organic electronics, plastic electronics or polymer electronics, is a branch of electronics that

Thank you for your attention!