the global experience - mr. waddell

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Chapter World Civilizations The Global Experience AP ® Seventh Edition Globalization and Resistance 37

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Page 1: The Global Experience - Mr. Waddell

Chapter

World CivilizationsThe Global Experience

AP® Seventh Edition

Globalization and Resistance

37

Page 2: The Global Experience - Mr. Waddell

Copyright © 2015, 2011, 2007Pearson Education, Inc.

All Rights ReservedWorld Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP® Seventh EditionStearns | Adas | Schwartz | Gilbert

Figure 37.1 Indian university students in New Delhi protest India's hosting of the Indian Miss World contest by burning contestants in

effigy. Like these students, some Indian conservatives see beauty pageants as decadent imports from the West that are destructive of

their culture's traditional values.

Page 3: The Global Experience - Mr. Waddell

Copyright © 2015, 2011, 2007Pearson Education, Inc.

All Rights ReservedWorld Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP® Seventh EditionStearns | Adas | Schwartz | Gilbert

Chapter Overview

I. Global IndustrializationII. Globalization: Causes and ProcessesIII.The Global EnvironmentIV.Resistance and AlternativesV. Toward the Future

Page 4: The Global Experience - Mr. Waddell

Copyright © 2015, 2011, 2007Pearson Education, Inc.

All Rights ReservedWorld Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP® Seventh EditionStearns | Adas | Schwartz | Gilbert

Global Industrialization

• Mexico, Turkey, Brazil• China and India

– China§ Industrial growth§ Pollution§ Cheap labor and pressure on peasants

– India§ Steadier growth§ High-technology products, software§ Use of English

Page 5: The Global Experience - Mr. Waddell

Copyright © 2015, 2011, 2007Pearson Education, Inc.

All Rights ReservedWorld Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP® Seventh EditionStearns | Adas | Schwartz | Gilbert

Global Industrialization

• Older Industrial Centers– The West and Japan

§ Still led in export and service§ Industrial designs despite fabrication

elsewhere– Growth lag– Global financial recession in 2008

Page 6: The Global Experience - Mr. Waddell

Copyright © 2015, 2011, 2007Pearson Education, Inc.

All Rights ReservedWorld Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP® Seventh EditionStearns | Adas | Schwartz | Gilbert

Globalization: Causes and Processes

•What Globalization Means–Causes

§ Opening of China, Soviet Union§ Technology§ Communication• English as a world language

Page 7: The Global Experience - Mr. Waddell

Copyright © 2015, 2011, 2007Pearson Education, Inc.

All Rights ReservedWorld Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP® Seventh EditionStearns | Adas | Schwartz | Gilbert

Globalization: Causes and Processes

• The New Technology–Cellular phones–Computers–Internet

§ World Wide Web• Tim Berners, 1990

–Satellite linkages

Page 8: The Global Experience - Mr. Waddell

Copyright © 2015, 2011, 2007Pearson Education, Inc.

All Rights ReservedWorld Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP® Seventh EditionStearns | Adas | Schwartz | Gilbert

Map 37.1 Multinational Corporations in 2000

By the end of the 20th century, multinational companies had become a major force for

economic change and political controversy over much of the world. As this map illustrates,

these engines of globalization were especially prominent in mature industrial and more

affluent societies, and much less in evidence in formerly colonized or communist countries.

Page 9: The Global Experience - Mr. Waddell

Copyright © 2015, 2011, 2007Pearson Education, Inc.

All Rights ReservedWorld Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP® Seventh EditionStearns | Adas | Schwartz | Gilbert

Globalization: Causes and Processes

• Economic Globalization: Business Organization and Investment–Multinational corporations–Seeking cheap raw materials–Outsourcing

Page 10: The Global Experience - Mr. Waddell

Copyright © 2015, 2011, 2007Pearson Education, Inc.

All Rights ReservedWorld Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP® Seventh EditionStearns | Adas | Schwartz | Gilbert

Figure 37.2 Change and continuity in rural India. New irrigation and electrification combine

with traditional methods of tilling the soil as agricultural production rises.

Page 11: The Global Experience - Mr. Waddell

Copyright © 2015, 2011, 2007Pearson Education, Inc.

All Rights ReservedWorld Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP® Seventh EditionStearns | Adas | Schwartz | Gilbert

Globalization: Causes and Processes

•Migration–Continuity–Spurs fear of job competition

Page 12: The Global Experience - Mr. Waddell

Copyright © 2015, 2011, 2007Pearson Education, Inc.

All Rights ReservedWorld Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP® Seventh EditionStearns | Adas | Schwartz | Gilbert

Globalization: Causes and Processes

• Cultural Globalization–McDonald's

§ Obesity–Holidays–Dress–Music

Page 13: The Global Experience - Mr. Waddell

Copyright © 2015, 2011, 2007Pearson Education, Inc.

All Rights ReservedWorld Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP® Seventh EditionStearns | Adas | Schwartz | Gilbert

Figure 37.3 The mixtures of peoples and cultures that had become a prominent feature of world history by the end of the 20th century

are wonderfully illustrated by this group of Muslim schoolchildren in a French school. By 2007, more than 10 percent of the French

population was Islamic. In 2006, riots broke out in Islamic areas of French cities revealing tensions over the gap between opportunities

available to immigrants and those available to the majority population.

Page 14: The Global Experience - Mr. Waddell

Copyright © 2015, 2011, 2007Pearson Education, Inc.

All Rights ReservedWorld Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP® Seventh EditionStearns | Adas | Schwartz | Gilbert

Globalization: Causes and Processes

• Institutions of Globalization–International Monetary Fund (IMF)–North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)

Page 15: The Global Experience - Mr. Waddell

Copyright © 2015, 2011, 2007Pearson Education, Inc.

All Rights ReservedWorld Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP® Seventh EditionStearns | Adas | Schwartz | Gilbert

Figure 37.4 This composite satellite image shows the regional impact of the human

population on the planet. Regions where light burns brightest include much of Europe, Japan,

and the United States—regions with a considerable amount of industry. Regions with

excessive pollution because of petroleum extraction are also visible, particularly in the

Middle East and areas of Russia, as are regions plagued by wild fires (Australia) and those that

engage in slash-and-burn agriculture, particularly areas of the African and South

American continents.

Page 16: The Global Experience - Mr. Waddell

Copyright © 2015, 2011, 2007Pearson Education, Inc.

All Rights ReservedWorld Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP® Seventh EditionStearns | Adas | Schwartz | Gilbert

The Global Environment

• Environmental Issues as Global Concerns–Greenhouse effect

• Disease–AIDS–Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS), 2003

Page 17: The Global Experience - Mr. Waddell

Copyright © 2015, 2011, 2007Pearson Education, Inc.

All Rights ReservedWorld Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP® Seventh EditionStearns | Adas | Schwartz | Gilbert

Figure 37.5 In April 1986, nuclear chain reactions in the Chernobyl nuclear power plant in Ukraine (then part of the Soviet Union) leapt out of control, creating a fireball that blew the

steel and concrete lid off of the reactor. Radioactive material was spewed into the open

air and drifted across Europe. The area surrounding the plant, which is now closed,

remains a contaminated wasteland. The Chernobyl catastrophe was unique, but it added

to the larger environmental damage in many parts of the former Soviet Union.

Page 18: The Global Experience - Mr. Waddell

Copyright © 2015, 2011, 2007Pearson Education, Inc.

All Rights ReservedWorld Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP® Seventh EditionStearns | Adas | Schwartz | Gilbert

Resistance and Alternatives

• Protest and Economic Uncertainties–World Trade Organization–World Bank

• Nationalism and New Religious Currents–Religious revival

§ Russian Orthodoxy§ Fundamentalism

Page 19: The Global Experience - Mr. Waddell

Copyright © 2015, 2011, 2007Pearson Education, Inc.

All Rights ReservedWorld Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP® Seventh EditionStearns | Adas | Schwartz | Gilbert

Figure 37.6 The increasing gap between rich and poor is a controversial problem in the age of globalization. Here, contemporary workers and shoppers pass a homeless person on a

Hong Kong sidewalk.

Page 20: The Global Experience - Mr. Waddell

Copyright © 2015, 2011, 2007Pearson Education, Inc.

All Rights ReservedWorld Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP® Seventh EditionStearns | Adas | Schwartz | Gilbert

How Much Historical Change?

• Two analyses looking toward the future– "End of history" concept

§ Democratic form of government• Works best worldwide

§ Ordinary people will not vote for war of aggression

– Spread of consumer capitalism§ Triumph of capitalism?• Not necessarily compatible with democracy

§ Shared interests

Page 21: The Global Experience - Mr. Waddell

Copyright © 2015, 2011, 2007Pearson Education, Inc.

All Rights ReservedWorld Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP® Seventh EditionStearns | Adas | Schwartz | Gilbert

Visualizing the PastTwo Faces of Globalization

Page 22: The Global Experience - Mr. Waddell

Copyright © 2015, 2011, 2007Pearson Education, Inc.

All Rights ReservedWorld Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP® Seventh EditionStearns | Adas | Schwartz | Gilbert

Toward the Future

• Projecting from Trends–Slow of population growth–How to react to populations of older adults–Fragile trends–Consumerism vs. religious interest

Page 23: The Global Experience - Mr. Waddell

Copyright © 2015, 2011, 2007Pearson Education, Inc.

All Rights ReservedWorld Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP® Seventh EditionStearns | Adas | Schwartz | Gilbert

Toward the Future

• Big Changes–"Population bomb"–Postindustrial society–Shift from production to entertainment

• The Problem of the Contemporary Period–New dominant country, or no dominance?–Rights and roles of women