THE GLOBAL PRODUCTION: FROM FORDISM TO POST-FORDISM

DISTRUBUTION OF PRESENTATION

1.NAVEED-UL-HASSAN:- THE GLOBAL PRODUCTION2.FARWA HASSAN:- THE DIVISION OF LABOUR3.RIFAT GUL ABBASI:- SIGNIFICANCE O DIVISION OF LABOUR4.SYEDA REEM MANZOOR:- SPATIAL DIVISION OF LABOUR5.M HARIS HASHMI:- GENDER DIVISION OF LABOUR6.UMER HASHMI:- THE CONCEPT OF FORDISM7.TAHIR AWAN:- CHARACTERISTICS OF FORDISM8.MOUSAB YOSUFI:- POST-FORDISM9.AMIR AFRIDI:- THE GLOBAL TRIAD

1.THE GLOBAL PRODUCTION

• IT IS DEFINED AS, THE PRODUCTION WHICH IS BASED ON INVESTING AND

DEVELOPING THE WHOLLY OWNED OR PARTIALY OWNED JOINT VENTURE PRODUCTION FACTORIES AROUND THE GLOBE.

• THIS PRODUCTION IS DIRECTLY RELATED TO THE ECONOMY.

• ACT OF MANYFACTURING GOODS.

• ACT OF SUPPLYING A DESIRED OUTPUT.

CONTINUED…• GLOBAL PRODUCTION OF SOME ECONOMICALLY IMPORTANT COUNTRIES ARE

GIVEN BELOW,

1. China:-Labor cost 29.2Skill base 0.269R+D capacity 0.031Infrastructure 0.232Government 0.263All indicators 0.223Average annual growth in exports (0.0 – 30.0%)Export growth 25.2High-tech share in exports (0.0 – 80.0%)Export specialization (index value; 0.00 – 5.00)

2. RussiaLabor cost 53.3Industrial capability (score value; 0.000 – 1.000)Skill base 0.787R+D capacity 0.041Infrastructure 0.387Government 0.074All indicators 0.378Average annual growth in exports (0.0 – 30.0%)Export growth 14.2High-tech share in exports (0.0 – 80.0%)Export specialization (index value; 0.00 – 5.00)

THE DIVIDSION OF LABOUR• IT IS DEFINED AS, THE BREAKING DOWN OF WORK LOAD INTO SEVRAL

UNITS FOR THE SPECIALIZATION IN ORDER TO IMPROVE EFFICIENCY, EFFECTIVENESS AND PRODUCTIVITY.

• ADAM SMITH….. VITAL ROLE TOWARDS PRODUVTIVITY AT GREATER PACE.

• WEALTH OF NATIONS PUBLISHED IN 1776 IN ENGLAND BY THE ADAM SMITH AND USED THIS TERM FIRST TIME.

CONTINUED….• SMITH’S THOUGHT REGARDING DIVISION OF LABOUR……QUALITY AND

QUANTITY OF WORK.

• DIVISION OF LABOUR……A WAY OF INCREASED PRODUCTION.

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE DIVISION OF LABOUR

• INCREASES WORKING SPEED AND PRODUCTION……RATE ACCELERATES.

• DEXETERITY……EFFICIENCY INCREASED.

• FACILITATES TIME MANAGEMENT AND APPROPRIATION.

CONTINUED…• SOURCE OF MECHANIZATION……HUMAN LABOUR.

• TURNS LABOUR TO ROBOT.

• JUDGMENT OF LABOUR BECOMES EASIER.

SPATIAL DIVISION OF LABOUR• REFERS TO LOCATION……PRIORITY GIVEN TO LOCATION.

• PROXIMITY.

• MERITS OF LOCATION ARE OFTEN CONSIDER.

CONTINUED…

• DIVISION OF LABOUR IN CORE AND PERIPHERAL COUNTRIES.

GENDER DIVISION OF LABOUR• THE DIVISION OF LABOUR AMONG MALE AND FEMALE.

• EARLIEST HISTORY……GATHERING AND HUNTING SOCIETIES.

• ISLAMIC ORIGIN……ORIGIN FOUND IN TEACHINGS OF ISLAM BASED ON HOLY QURAN AND SUNNAH.

• WHY GENDER DIVISON OF LABOUR?

CONTINUED…• MALE DOMINATION VS GENDER DIVISION OF LABOUR……MINI SYSTEM VS

CAPITALISM.

• FACTORS AFFECTING THE GENDER DIVISION OF LABOUR,

1. BIOLOGICAL AND PHSYCHOLOGICAL EFFECT 2. SOCIETAL EFFECT 3. EDUCATIONAL EFFECT

• SIGNIFICANCE,

IT WILL BRING:- INCREASED PRODUCTION, COMPRESSION OF TIME, INCREASED WORKING SPEED AND DYNAMISM IN THE SOCIETY.

FORDISM• IT CAN BE DEFINED AS, THE IMPROVEMENT IN THE MANUFACTURING

SECTOR WITH THE EMPHASIZES ON TECHNOLOGY AND SPATIAL DIVISION OF LABOUR.

• HENRY FORD, 1920------GIVES THE IDEA OF FORDISM, CAR PRODUCER.

CONTINUED…

• IMPROVEMENT IN MANUFACTURING------CAR PARTS

• TECHNOLOGY OF CONNECTIVITY------UNITS PRODUCTION.

• FORDISM AND DIVISION OF LABOUR.

CHARACTERISTICS OF FORDISM

• STANDARDIZATION.

• EFFICIENCY.

• MARKETING SKILL.

• MORE PRODUCTION WITH LESS COST PRODUCTION.

CONTINUED…

• EMPLOYMENT OF SPATIAL DIVISION OF LABOUR.

• PRODUCTION BASED ON STANDARD.

• LARGE NUMBER OF CONSUMER AT LOW PRICE.

POST-FORDISM/FLEXIBILISM

• Post-Fordism (also named Flexibilism) is the name given to the dominant system of economic production, consumption and associated socio-economic phenomena, in most industrialized countries since the late 20th century. It is contrasted with Fordism, the system formulated in Henry Ford's automotive factories, in which workers work on a production line, performing specialized tasks repetitively(WIKI-PEDIA).

• CHALLENGES FACED BY FORDISM.

• COMPETITION DUE TO OTHER CAR PRODUCERS EMERGENCE.

• INTERNATIONALIZATION OF SPATIAL DIVISION OF LABOUR.

• ADVANCEMENT IN TECHNOLOGY AND COMMUNICATION.

CONTINUED…

• FALL OF FORDISM.

• CAPITALISM------DECLINE DUE TO SAME TOOL FOR THE GLORY.

• DECLINED DUE TO INFLEXIBILITY OF INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION.

• HIGH COST OF PRODUCTION------IMPACT ON WORLD ECONOMY.

• COMPETITION AMONG OTHER CAR PRODUCERS.

• UNIONISM.

GLOBAL TRIAD

• GLOBAL TRIAD HAS TWO ASPECTS, 1.GLOBAL NATURE OF WORLD ECONOMY. 2. SPATIAL SCALE.

• TRIPOLAR MACRO-REGIONAL STRUCTURE

CONTINUED…

• THREE PILLARS------SHARE OF THE TOTAL WORLD (AN ESTIMATE).

• ASIAN TRIGER NIC’S.

• TENTACLES OF GLOBAL PRODUCTION.