the great american solar eclipse august 21,...
TRANSCRIPT
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August 21, 2017
The Great American Solar Eclipse
Naomi Pequette & Samantha Sands Earth & Space Science Programs Specialists
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Have you seen an eclipse?
What’s going on?
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Basic types of eclipses
Illustrations not to scale
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Remember: Which One Gets Darker?
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Why Don’t We Have an Eclipse Every Month?
Earth/Moon/Sun Orbital
Relationships
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https://www.exploratorium.edu/eclipse/video/why-dont-we-have-an-eclipse-every-month
Why Don’t We Have an Eclipse Every Month?
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Types of Solar Eclipses
Partial Annular Total
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Cosmic Coincidence
The Sun’s diameter is 400x the Moon’s diameter, but the Sun is also 400x
farther away from Earth!
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The Last Solar Eclipse on Earth
• The Moon gets 3.8 cm further away from Earth every year
• In 250 million years, Earth inhabitants will see the last total solar eclipse
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Could Dinosaurs See a Total Solar Eclipses?
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Could Dinosaurs See Total Solar Eclipses?
Angular Diameter of Sun: 1913 arcsec Angular Diameter of Moon: 2065 arcsec
Angular Diameter of Sun: 1917 arcsec Angular Diameter of Moon: 2049 arcsec
Angular Diameter of Sun: 1930 arcsec Angular Diameter of Moon: 2010 arcsec
Dawn of the Dinosaurs – 250 mya
Angular Diameter of Sun: 1930 arcsec Angular Diameter of Moon: 2010 arcsec
Mid Jurasic – 180 mya
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To Watch the video- Check out the Galaxy Guide Portal
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To Watch the video- Check out the Galaxy Guide Portal
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The Partial Eclipse in Denver
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The Partial Eclipse in Denver
https://eclipsemega.movie/simulator?lat=39.74752609999999&lng=-104.94280779999997
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Viewing the Eclipse
• Projection of image • Pinhole or using tools
• Directly with filter
• Live streaming the event
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oX8UnDaJI2s (Start at 40seconds)
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Watch the show safely!
Pinhole projection
Photo Credit: exploratorium.edu
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Observing directly with filters Eclipse glasses
Not sunglasses!
#14 welders glasses
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Use special care with filtered optics
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Project the sun with tools – and care
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What is DMNS Doing for the Day of the Eclipse?
• Safe Solar Viewing on Boettcher Plaza • Telescopes, binoculars, pinhole
viewers, eclipse glasses
• Eclipse Activities
• Face Painter with special eclipse design
• Space Odyssey Exploration Stations and Shows
• View Live Streams of the Eclipse
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The First “Great American Solar Eclipse”
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Myths and stories
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Eclipse Predictions and the Maya
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STEAM and the Eclipse
https://eclipse2017.nasa.gov/eclipse-art-projects
Predict the Corona Art Contest
Eclipse in Six
Eclipse Original Art Quilt
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How Can You Share Information About the Eclipse with Guests Now?
Science on a Sphere Eclipse Datasets
Moon Phases Cart
The Gift Shop – resources and fun t-shirts and posters!
Sun., Aug. 6th Free Day Celebrating the Eclipse
Solar Telescopes
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Resources Earth and Space Science Activity Kit: www.nisenet.org
Free Eclipse Online Course: https://www.coursera.org/learn/eclipse
Solar Eclipse Mythology:
http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2013/11/131101-solar-eclipse-myth-legend-space-science/ http://www.native-languages.org/legends-eclipse.htm
Eclipse Activity Kit: Eclipsekit.com
Live Streams of Eclipse:
• https://eclipse2017.nasa.gov/eclipse-live-stream
• https://www.exploratorium.edu/eclipse
Eclipse Glasses:
https://www.rainbowsymphonystore.com/collections/eclipse-glasses-safe-solar-viewers
http://www.thousandoaksoptical.com/ecplise.html
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Solar Eclipse Math When Will the Last Total Solar Eclipse on Earth Happen?
https://eclipse2017.nasa.gov/challenge-13-%E2%80%93-last-total-solar-eclipse-earth
1. Find angular diameter of the Sun.
A=1930 arcseconds or ~0.5°
2. The diameter of the Sun is changing due to nuclear fusion. Verify equation for T=4.5 (today)
𝑑𝑆𝑢𝑛 = 1392000(0.0073𝑇2 − 0.028𝑇 + 0.98)
3. Convert the above equation to angular diameter
𝐴𝑆𝑢𝑛 =1392000(0.0073𝑇2 − 0.028𝑇 + 0.98)
𝐷
𝐴(𝑎𝑟𝑐𝑠𝑒𝑐) = 206265𝑑𝐷
DSun =149,000,000 km dMoon = 3,474km dSun,now = 1,392,000 km
4. DMoon=356,400km at perigee but is moving away at 3.8 cm/yr.
Create an equation to describe the diameter of the moon at time T.
Rate moving away in km/billion years: 38,000 km/billion yrs
What was DMoon at T=0 (4.5 billion yrs ago)? 𝐷𝑀𝑜𝑜𝑛,0 = 356,400 − 38000 × 4.5 = 185,400 𝑘𝑚
Final equation: 𝐷𝑀𝑜𝑜𝑛 = 38000𝑇 + 185,400
6. Convert that equation to angular diameter
𝐴𝑀𝑜𝑜𝑛 =𝑑𝑀𝑜𝑜𝑛
38000𝑇 + 185,400
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Solar Eclipse Math When Will the Last Total Solar Eclipse on Earth Happen?
https://eclipse2017.nasa.gov/challenge-13-%E2%80%93-last-total-solar-eclipse-earth
The last eclipse will occur when Earth is 4.75 billion years old.
Or about 250 million years from now!
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0 0.25 0.5 0.75 1 1.25 1.5 1.75 2 2.25 2.5 2.75 3 3.25 3.5 3.75 4 4.25 4.32 4.34 4.5 4.75 5 5.25 5.5
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Time Since Formation (Billions of Years)
Moon and Sun Angular Diameter
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