the great war lesson 3. causes of the war ethnic groups wanted own nation imperialism made weaker...
TRANSCRIPT
The Great War
Lesson 3
Causes of the War
• Ethnic groups wanted own nation• Imperialism made weaker countries jealous• Increase in military force caused tension• Militarism: using military force to solve
problems• Alliances: partnerships with other countries• Allies: Countries that join together to help
each other
Allied Powers
• Britain
• France
• Russia
• Italy
Central Powers
• Austria-Hungary
• Bulgaria
• Germany
• Ottoman Empire
War Begins!
• Started in Serbia
• Serb rebel shot and killed 2 members of Austria-Hungary’s royal family
• Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia
• Alliances joined in to help each side
United States
• Stayed out at first• Germany invented the u-boat, an underwater
submarine• Sank a passenger ship, the Lusitania• 1200 people killed including 128 Americans• Americans were angry and some wanted to
fight, but President Woodrow Wilson said NO…
United States Enters the War
• Germans threatened to attack all ships in British water
• Sank 3 American merchant ships
• Enough is ENOUGH!
• President Woodrow Wilson asked Congress to Declare War
• April 6, 1917, American entered the war
Problems
• Army was too small
• Not enough weapons
• Selective Service Act – military draft
• African Americans and immigrants faced prejudice– Kept in separate units– Not allowed to do certain jobs
The Front Line
• Most soldiers were sent to France
• Most fighting took place there
• Lived in trenches
• No-Man’s Land: land between the two sides– Filled with barbed wire, land mines, buried
bombs
New Weapons
• Machine gun developed by the Germans
• Hundreds of bullets a minute
• British developed the Tank for protection from the machine gun fire
• Germans developed poison gas– Killed by suffocation….MOST FEARED
WEAPON!!!!!
Death Tolls
• 53,000 Americans killed
• 230,000 Americans wounded
• 8,000,000 Total Deaths
Women in the War
• Not allowed to fight in combat
• Filled the jobs left open by men
• Nurses and ambulance drivers in war
• Navy clerks and telegraph operators
• Women’s war work led to the 19th amendment– Women finally had the right to VOTE
19th Amendment
Changes at Home
• War Industry Board made goods for soldiers• Food Administration – raise more food crops• Allied troops depended on American farmers for
food.• Victory Gardens – raise own food• Fuel Administration- use less coal and oil• Daylight Savings Time – conserve energy• Increased Taxes• Sold War Bonds
The War Ends
• American soldiers turned the tide and made a huge difference
• Helped push back the German army
• November 11, 1918: Germany Surrendered
• Americans came home
Settlement
• Wilson drew up the Fourteen Points for a fair peace
• League of Nations• Treaty of Versailles – ended the war• U.S. didn’t join the League of Nations• Senators wanted the U.S. to stay out of other
nation’s problems• Policy of Isolation – remaining separate from
other countries.
The Great WarLesson 3
Causes of the WarEthnic groups wanted own nation
Imperialism made weaker countries jealous
Increase in military force caused tension
Militarism: using military force to solve problems
Alliances: partnerships with other countries
Allies: Countries that join together to help each other
Allied PowersBritain
France
Russia
Italy
Central PowersAustria-Hungary
Bulgaria
Germany
Ottoman Empire
War Begins!Started in Serbia
Serb rebel shot and killed 2 members of Austria-Hungary’s royal family
Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia
Alliances joined in to help each side
United StatesStayed out at first
Germany invented the u-boat, an underwater submarine
Sank a passenger ship, the Lusitania
1200 people killed including 128 Americans
Americans were angry and some wanted to fight, but President Woodrow Wilson said NO…
United States Enters the WarGermans threatened to attack all ships in British water
Sank 3 American merchant ships
Enough is ENOUGH!
President Woodrow Wilson asked Congress to Declare War
April 6, 1917, American entered the war
ProblemsArmy was too small
Not enough weapons
Selective Service Act – military draft
African Americans and immigrants faced prejudice
Kept in separate units
Not allowed to do certain jobs
The Front LineMost soldiers were sent to France
Most fighting took place there
Lived in trenches
No-Man’s Land: land between the two sides
Filled with barbed wire, land mines, buried bombs
New WeaponsMachine gun developed by the Germans
Hundreds of bullets a minute
British developed the Tank for protection from the machine gun fire
Germans developed poison gas
Killed by suffocation….MOST FEARED WEAPON!!!!!
Death Tolls53,000 Americans killed
230,000 Americans wounded
8,000,000 Total Deaths
Women in the WarNot allowed to fight in combat
Filled the jobs left open by men
Nurses and ambulance drivers in war
Navy clerks and telegraph operators
Women’s war work led to the 19th amendment
Women finally had the right to VOTE
19th Amendment
Changes at HomeWar Industry Board made goods for soldiers
Food Administration – raise more food crops
Allied troops depended on American farmers for food.
Victory Gardens – raise own food
Fuel Administration- use less coal and oil
Daylight Savings Time – conserve energy
Increased Taxes
Sold War Bonds
The War EndsAmerican soldiers turned the tide and made a huge difference
Helped push back the German army
November 11, 1918: Germany Surrendered
Americans came home
SettlementWilson drew up the Fourteen Points for a fair peace
League of Nations
Treaty of Versailles – ended the war
U.S. didn’t join the League of Nations
Senators wanted the U.S. to stay out of other nation’s problems
Policy of Isolation – remaining separate from other countries.