The Growing Earth

By David de Hilster

Looking at Evidence for the Growing Earth

• History • Books • Leading People in the Field • Visual Evidence • Trans-Pacific Sister Taxa • Paleo-Magnetic Pole Evidence • Space Geodetics • Mechanisms for Expansion • Expanding Versus Growing • Mountain Building (Orogen) And Continents • Mechanisms for Growth• Barriers to the Growing Earth Theory

History of a Growing Earth • 1596: Abraham Ortelius first to suggest continental movement

because of the similar coastlines of South America and Africa • Other historical figures who noticed: Francis Bacon, Antonio Snider-

Pellegrini, Benjamin Franklin • 1858: Antonio Snider-Pellegrini, a nineteenth century French

geographer and scientist • 1888: Ivan Osipovich Yarkovsky suggested that some sort of aether

is absorbed within the earth and transformed into new chemical elements, forcing the celestial bodies to expand

• 1889 and 1909: Italian geologist Roberto Mantovani suggests the continents fit together on a smaller globe

• 1928: geologist Arthur Holmes first proposes the mainstream's current reason for continetal movement: convection currents within the mantle

History of a Growing Earth • 1933: Otto Hilgenberg constructed first globe models of an

expanding earth • 1956: Samuel Warren Carey a geologist from Australia converts to

a growing earth when he cannot fit Pangaea together on a fixed radius globe

• 1960s: Sea floor spreading found and sea floor ages 200 million years old and less

• 1970s and 1980s: Debate follows the sea floor ages and subduction saves the fixed radius earth

• 1990s: Plate Tectonics becomes entrenched yet a growing number of problems emerge with this theory

• 2000s: Resurgence and growing number of people learning about the growing / expanding earth via the internet - over one million views of Neil Adams videos

Important Books• 1971 - Jordan, P. "The expanding earth: some

consequences of Dirac's gravitation hypothesis" Oxford: Pergamon Press

• 1983 - Lester King, "Wandering Continents and Spreading Sea Floors on an Expanding Earth"

• 1988 - Carey, S. W., "Theories of the earth and universe: a history of dogma in the earth sciences", Stanford University Press

• 2005 - Vedat Shehu, "The Growing and Developing Earth: The Mass of the Earth is Increasing and the Planet is Growing"

• 2005 - Maxlow (student of Carey) "Terra Non-Firma Earth: Plate Tectonics Is a Myth"

Visual Evidence of Growth• Atlantic fit • Pacific fit • Sea Floor Bottom Maps• Continents fit onto a smaller orb• Spreading• Growth Fractures• Celestial Body Expansion

– Moon: growing on side facing the earth– Mars: water, salt coming from inside– Eruopa: admitted to grow by NASA– Ganymede: obvious visual evidence

Leading People in the Field• Samuel Warren Carey - (died in 2002) the

modern father of the growing earth theory • James Maxlow - (in his 50s, from Australia)

Carey's premier student, writing a second book• Alex Scarborough – Expansion proposed as

one of 5 steps of planetary evolution • Giancarlo Scalera - (Italian Geologist)

publishing many accepted papers in the geological community and using the expanding earth for finding oil

• Vedat Shehu – An Albanian field geologist who has been working on evidence for a growing and developing earth.

• Lawerence Meyers – NPA member

Earth’s MoonGrowth on One Side

Growth Fractures

All Continents Fit on Smaller Orb without Deforming

Sea Floor Dating

Pacific Fit

Pacific Blind Spot

First Atlantic Fit Map - 1858

Paleo-Magnetic Pole Evidence

Continental Movement Vectors

Continental Buckling

Antarctica Enigma

Known Subduction Zones

Pangaea Problems

Trans-Pacific Sister Taxa - Ancient Island Problem - Dennis McCarthy

• Of more than 25,000 islands in the Pacific, only three are old enough to have once been in proximity with South America according to expanding Earth paleomaps:  New Zealand, New Caledonia, Fiji

• All problematic disjunctions of narrow-range taxa occur on those three islands 

• One of hundreds of Examples: the closest relatives of the Fijan banded iguana occur in California and Mexico. No other iguanas inhabit any other island in the Central or West Pacific.

• These taxa have cross the full-breadth of a superocean -- a feat otherwise unknown in these types of organisms -- and end-up nowhere else.

Paleo-Magnetic Pole Evidence • Paleo-magnetics is the study of the earth’s fossil

remnant magnetism preserved in rocks that contain small amounts of iron-rich magnetic minerals.

• These rocks acquire a permanent magnetism during crystallization and preserve the direction of the earth’s magnetic field.

• Dr. James Maxlow studied this data from mainstream plate tectonics and verified that the South Pole as marked in Africa, down towards present-day Antarctica, fit nicely onto an expanding earth.

• When plotted on a growing earth, the North and South poles are diametrically opposed, something impossible on plate tectonic reconstructions

Space Geodetics• Very Long Baseline Interferomonetry (VLBI)• Satellite Laser Ranging (SLR)• Lunar Laser Ranging• GPS• Doppler Orbitography and Radiopositioning

integrate by Satellite (DORIS)• A paper to be published in China in 2008 reports

taking 10 years of GPS data and concluding that the earth is expanding by at least 0.5 cm/year.

Mechanisms for Growth• Aether absorbed by the earth causing expansion

(late 1800s)• Accretion – extra-terrestrial mass from the sun,

space dust, meteorites, comets• Atomic Core Reactions – earth’s core expanding

as in the late phase of a star• Prime Matter – Neal Adams’ theory inspired by

Carl David Anderson’s matter creation of a photon to an electron and positron

• Graviton – absorbed by mass

Expanding versus Growing

• Expansion is size• Growth is mass• Water, Salt, Oil – from inside the earth• Smaller mass explains the super-size of

dinosaur, crustaceans, and insects• Dinosaurs we having problems when the

land masses were separating and their migration paths were cut off

Barriers to the Growing Earth Theory

• Historical – Australia versus the United States versus Europe

• Subduction – Big point of contention• Pangaea – the Atlantic fixation• No known mechanism for growth• Everything would have to change – from

the subatomic level to cosmology

Ganymede – Jupiter Moon

Europa – Jupiter’s Moon

Mars Valles Marineris

Conclusions

• The evidence for earth growth and other celestial bodies is becoming overwhelming

• Over 1 million views of Neal Adams’ videos online at YouTube

• Measuring techniques will eventually prove earth growth

• The mechanism is one of the biggest question in science today