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Eurotech Fire Systems Ltd19/20 Stratfield Park, Elettra Avenue,Waterlooville, Hampshire PO7 7XN

www.eurotechfire.com | T +44 (0) 203 141 0999 | E [email protected]

©2010 Eurotech Fire Systems Ltd.

All product information is correct at time of the guide being produced. Eurotech Fire SystemsLimited cannot be held responsible for any omissions or errors. The company reserves the

right to change specifications of products at any time and without prior notice.

© Eurotech Fire Systems Limited 2010

The Guide To FireAlarm Systems Design

BS5839 PART 1: 2002

4171 - Eurotech A6 Mini Guide 5_4171 - Eurotech System Design Booklet 25/06/2010 16:16 Page 1

The Regulatory Reform (Fire Safety) Order (RRO)became law on 1 October 2006

What is RRO?Fire authorities no longer issue firecertificates and those previously inforce will no longer have legalstatus. The Regulatory Reform (FireSafety) Order (RRO) replaces mostfire safety legislation with one neworder. It means that any person whohas some level of control inpremises must take steps to reducerisk from fire, consider how tocontain a fire should one break outand then also make sure people cansafely escape if there is a fire.

• All fire alarm designs should bebased on a fire risk assesment

• All fire risk assesments shouldbe carried out by a competentperson

• Fire risk assesments must bereviewed annually

• Identifying fire hazards such assources of ignition, fuel or oxygen

• Identifying all people at risk in andaround the premises

• Evaluating the risk of a fire startingor the risk to people from a fire

• Removing or reducing fire hazardsor risks to people from a fire

• Protecting people by providing fireprecautions

• Recording any major findings

• Preparing an emergency plan

• Informing and instructing anyrelevant people

• Providing training for staff and guests

• Reviewing the fire risk assesmentregularly and make changes wherenecessary

• Keeping accurate fire riskassessment records

Legally you must comply! What constitutes a firerisk assesment?

All fire alarm designs should be based on a fire risk assesment

Fire alarm and detectionsystems are categorisedin the following way:

Property protection fire systemsP1 AFD installed throughout all

areasP2 AFD installed only in defined

areas

Life protection fire systemsL AFD designed to primarily

protect human lifeL1 AFD installed throughout all

areasL2 AFD installed only in defined

areas in addition to L3L3 AFD installed in escape routes

and rooms opening onto theseroutes

L4 AFD installed in escape routescomprising circulation areasand spaces such as corridorsand stairways

L5 A non-perspective system inwhich protected area(s) and/orthe location of detectors isdesigned to satisfy a specificfire risk objective (other thanthat of L1 to L4)

M System design to be operatedmanually (no AFD)

*AFD Automatic Fire Detection

This guide is intended to be an aid to designers and installers of firedetection systems. It is not to be used as a substitute for BS5839which should be read in full. In order to help identify the relevantsections each diagram includes a reference to BS5839 Part 1.

P1 P2

L1L4 L3 L2

BS

5839 Sectio

n 5

Where does the order apply?Virtually all premises and nearly every type of building, structure and open space.

If you would like to find out more about the services that Eurotech can provide,please contact us on: T +44 (0) 203 141 0999 or at www.eurotechfire.com

32


BS

5839 Sectio

n 22.3

BS

5839

Sec

tio

n 1

3.2.

3B

S5839 S

ection

35.2.3BS

5839

Sec

tio

n 2

2.3

A person searching a zone for a fire in a non-addressable fire system shouldnot have to travel for more than 60m to identify the source of a fire.

60m MAX

(Thermistor)

HEAT DETECTOR

>150mm x

600mm x

BS

5839 Sectio

n 22.3B

S58

39 S

ecti

on

22.

3B

S58

39 S

ecti

on

22.

3

When mounted on a ceiling, smoke detection devices have an individual coverageof 7.5m radius. However these radii must overlap to ensure that there are no‘blind spots’. therefore individual coverage can be represented by a squaremeasuring 10.6x10.6m giving an actual area coverage of 112m2 per device.

7.5m

5.3m 10.6m

10.6m x 10.6m = 112m2

SMOKE DETECTORS

Apex >150mm Apex>600mm

SMOKE DETECTORSHEAT DETECTORS

Ceiling with an apex

Apex

BS

5839

Sec

tio

n 2

2.3 BS

5839 Sectio

n 22.3

BS

5839

Sec

tio

n 2

2.3

In corridors less than 2m wide the horizontal spacing of detectors may beincreased, the areas of coverage need not overlap as in the case of a room.Any corridor over 2m wide is deemed a room and device spacing shouldfollow the standard for rooms (see page 6).

Please note, heat detectors are not recommended for use in corridorsthat are escape routes.x

10%Ceilingheight

Devices should not be mounted within 500mm of any obstruction. If the top of asolid partition is less than 300mm from the ceiling then treat it as a wall.Similarly, ceiling obstructions such as beams should be treated as walls if deeperthan 10% of the ceiling height.

Do not put detectors less than 1m from air inlets or air circulating units.

98

7.5m

15m 15m

SMOKE DETECTORS

7.5m 7.5m

2m

x1m

x

BS

5839 Sectio

n 22.2B

S58

39 S

ecti

on

22.

3B

S5839 S

ection

22.2BS

5839

Sec

tio

n 2

2.2

Never mount devices closer than twice the depth of light fittings or otherobstructions on the ceiling.

x

D

800mm

xxxxx

Voids less than 800mm in height need to have independent coverage, unlessfire or smoke is able to spread from one area to another through the void or riskassessment shows AFD (Automatic Fire Detection) to be necessary.

Vertical shafts like lifts and stairways should have a device mounted within1.5m of any opening.

Enclosed stairways should have a detector at the top of the stairway and on eachmain landing.

1110


13

BS

5839 Sectio

n 16.2.1B

S58

39 S

ecti

on

20.

2

A person should not have to travel more than 45m along an escape route toreach a manual call point (25m if disabled person to operate, or rapid firedevelopment is likely). Manual call points should be sited at all stairwells andexits from the building.

45m MAX

+5dB(A)@ 500Hz to 1,000Hz

65dB(A)@ 500Hz to 1,000Hz

BS

5839 Sectio

n 16.2.1B

S58

39 S

ecti

on

20.

2

1.4m(+/- 200mm)

1 2 3

4 5 6

7 8 9

Ex 0 W

Sounder device cabling should be arranged so that in the event of a fault at leastone sounder will remain operational during a fire condition.

The centre of the frangible element of the manual call point should be positioned1.4m (+/-200mm) from floor level (unless a wheelchair user is likely to be the firstperson to raise the alarm).

12

The minimum sound level should be 65dB(A) or 5dB(A) above a backgroundnoise which is louder than 60dB(A) (if lasting more than 30 seconds) and at afrequency of between 500Hz and 1000 Hz. The maximum sound level should notbe greater than 120dB(A) at any normal accessible point. May be reduced to60dB(A) in stairways, enclosures up to 60m2 and specific points of limited extent.


BS

5839 Sectio

n 17

BS

5839

Sec

tio

n 1

6.2.

1B

S5839 S

ection

26.2B

S58

39 S

ecti

on

16.

2.1

For areas where people are sleeping, sounder devices should produce aminimum 75dB(A) at the bed-head with all doors shut. in buildings providingsleeping accommodation for a significant number of people, all bedroomsshould have both audible and visual alarms.

75dB(A)

>2.1m

-20dB(A)

Nor

mal

Doo

r

2m

Decibel loss occurs through doors: approximately - 20dB(A) through a normaldoor and approximately -30dB(A) through a fire door. Unless a sounder isinstalled in a bedroom, it is unlikely that 75dB(A) will be achieved.

Visual alarms such as beacons should always be mounted at a minimumheight of 2.1m from floor level.

Unless MICC cable is used, all cabling should be mechanically protected fromfloor level up to a height of 2m.

-30dB(A)

Fire

Doo

r

1514


BS

5839

Sec

tio

n 2

6B

S58

39 S

ecti

on

12.

2.2

Fire resistant cabling is now required within the whole fire alarm systemincluding the mains supply cables. The use of non-fire resisting cables whethermechanically protected by fire resisting construction or not, will no longercomply with BS5839 Part 1.

1 2 3

4 5 6

7 8 9

Ex 0 W

MAINS SUPPLY

EOL

EOL 6 Remote Indicator

ConventionalBase

Standard Conventonal base EURB-4

3

1 5

EOL Resistor = T3 and T6

1

6

5

3

1 2 3

4 5 6

7 8 9

Ex 0 W

2000M2 2000M2

2000M22000M2 2000M2 6 Remote Indicator

IntelligentBase

Standard Intelligent base EURB-4-EV

3

2

1 51

6

5

3

2

Short circuit isolators limit the effect of one fault to a maximum of 2000m2. ‘2simultaneous faults on a circuit should not disable protection within an areagreater than 10,000m2.

The EURB-4 standard conventional base from Eurotech should be wired as above.

The EURB=4-EV standard intelligent base from Eurotech should be wired as above.

1716


A battery powered, intelligent programming tool is available. The Eurotech EV-AD2hand held programmer is light, robust and easy to operate and is used for addressprogramming and functional testing.

Intelligent manual call points and modules are generally addressed by the use ofa simple 8 bit DIL switch allowing upto a combination of 254 different addresses.

The following diagram indicates an address setting for a manual call point with adevice address setting of 90.

ADDRESS90

Address switch below is set to 90Decimal

= OFF = ON

ON

OF

F

128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1RED - SIG + ve

BLACK - SIG + ve

1918


Installation considerations and key points

2120

• All mains supply isolators must be double pole and suitablymarked. (25.2c&f)

• All cables to be fire resisting with a minimum cross-sectionalarea of 1mm2.(26.2J)

• All joints to be fire resisting, junction boxes to be labelled “FIREALARM’. (26.2)

• Enhanced cable to used where more than 4 zones of phasedevacuation required, or multi storey systems. (Un-sprinkleredover 30m) or risk assessment requires enhanced cable. (26.2)

• Cable using trunking as a means of containment must be clippedusing fire resistant supports within the trunking. (26.2)

• Fire alarm control panel(s) are installed at a location appropriatefor staff and fire-fighters. (23.2)

• Call points are required at all exits to open air - whether or notthe exits are specifically designed to be fire exits.

• CO fire detectors should be spaced as per smoke detectors, butcannot be used without smoke detectors on escape routes.(28.1.8)

• Multi sensors, if used as combined type, space as smokedetectors, if used at any time as a heat only then space as perheat detectors. (26.1.6)

• Linear heat detection cable space as heat detectors. (22.3)

• Unusual ceilings: Cellular ceiling, perforated ceilings or ceilingswith closely spaced beams have special spacing and installationrequirements, refer to section. (22.3 & tables 1 & 2)

• Bells & electronic sounders cannot be mixed (16.2.1c)

• Sound levels can be reduced to 60dB(A) in stairs, small cellularoffices or enclosures of no more than approximately 60 sq m,bedhead levels remain 75dB(A). (16.2.1)

• If the ambient background noise is above 90 dB visual alarms(beacons) are required. (17.2a)

• Disabled toilets should be fitted with sounders and beacons.(18.1)

• A minimum of one sounder is required in each fire compartment.(16.2.1i)

• Full documentation required, test results as fitted drawings etc.(Section 40)

• An installation certificate will be required. (41.2)

Continued


1 The system complies with original specification / design

2 Any changes to original specification / design have beenreferred to the system designer for approval

3 System has been installed to meet the requirements ofcategory L1, L2, L3, L4, L5, P1, P2, M, other

4 Variations to the defined category have been identified andthe schedule of variations agreed with the client

5 Cables meet requirements for standard / enhanced / mixed

6 Cables are segregated as required and suitably supported(no plastic clips, cable ties or trunking used as sole meansof support)

7 Cables are mechanically protected as required

8 Junction boxes are correctly labelled and identified ondrawings. Connector boxes are fire resistant.

9 All cable insulation and continuity resistancemeasurements are logged

10 All cable penetrations are sleeved and fire stopped

11 Mains supply is dedicated, non-switched, correctly usedand labelled

12 Mains supply is correctly identified at all distribution boards

13 Standby battery verification has been carried out for allpower supplies

Installation and handover checklist

14 All batteries are clearly marked and labelled with date ofinstallation

15 Field wiring is labelled and correctly terminated in all andancillary equipment

16 Isolators are fitted as appropriate, operate correctly andare marked on drawings

17 There are a minimum of two sounder circuits installed

18 Sound pressure levels have been checked and recorded andmeet the minimum requirements

19 Detector type and spacing as appropriate to the systemcategory

20 MCPs are located correctly and travel distance is appropriateto the system category

21 Remote signalling has been checked for correct operation toalarm receiving centre

22 Zone charts have been fitted in all appropriate locations(adjacent to control equipment and repeaters)

23 As fitted drawings are complete and have been updatedwhere required, including cable size and routing

24 Log book and operating instructions have been issued to theresponsible person

25 The responsible person has been adequately trained in theuse of the fire alarm system

�

2322

Continued


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