THE HAITIAN THE HAITIAN REVOLUTIONREVOLUTION

CAUSES,EFFECTS, CAUSES,EFFECTS, SUPRESSIONSUPRESSION

POSSIBLY SUCCESS??POSSIBLY SUCCESS??

HISTORIC PRECEEDINGSHISTORIC PRECEEDINGS The Haitian Revolution (1791–1804) is the period The Haitian Revolution (1791–1804) is the period

of violent conflict in the French colony of Saint-of violent conflict in the French colony of Saint-Domingue, it led to the elimination of slavery and Domingue, it led to the elimination of slavery and the establishment of Haiti as the first republic the establishment of Haiti as the first republic ruled by blacks. Despite the many rebellions ruled by blacks. Despite the many rebellions which occurred during the slave era, only the which occurred during the slave era, only the revolt on Saint-Domingue, beginning in 1791, was revolt on Saint-Domingue, beginning in 1791, was successful in permanently abolishing slavery. successful in permanently abolishing slavery.

It is the only successful slave revolt in human It is the only successful slave revolt in human history, and, as such, is regarded as a defining history, and, as such, is regarded as a defining moment in the history of Africans in the new moment in the history of Africans in the new world. world.

WHY DID IT HAPPEN??WHY DID IT HAPPEN?? Issues of unwanted slavery swept the Issues of unwanted slavery swept the

lands of St.Domingue, the slaves, lands of St.Domingue, the slaves, basically wanted their freedom.basically wanted their freedom.

They wanted their independence from They wanted their independence from the mother country,(France).the mother country,(France).

The whites both (grand blancs and The whites both (grand blancs and petit blancs), who were plantation petit blancs), who were plantation owners wanted to rule themselves and owners wanted to rule themselves and the rest of the government and the the rest of the government and the mulattoes wanted to be equal to the mulattoes wanted to be equal to the whites.whites.

What were its effects?What were its effects? The black slaves that had revolted against the The black slaves that had revolted against the

French settlers had gained their freedom.French settlers had gained their freedom. They were able to establish a free republic society. They were able to establish a free republic society. The revolution brought a constitution which granted The revolution brought a constitution which granted

rights and citizenship to all people of Saint-rights and citizenship to all people of Saint-Dominique.Dominique.

Saint-Dominique was re-name Haiti in 1804Saint-Dominique was re-name Haiti in 1804 Other Caribbean countries upon hearing of the Other Caribbean countries upon hearing of the

success of the Haitian Revolution vowed to follow in success of the Haitian Revolution vowed to follow in its footsteps, hence an increase in slave revolts.its footsteps, hence an increase in slave revolts.

Suppressions??Suppressions??

Toussaint L’ouverture took control of the Toussaint L’ouverture took control of the French Colony of St.Domingue and named French Colony of St.Domingue and named himself Governor General in 1800.himself Governor General in 1800.

The colony was completely re-organizedThe colony was completely re-organized Properties belonging to the French Planters Properties belonging to the French Planters

were confiscated, based on their not were confiscated, based on their not wanting to return under the rulings of wanting to return under the rulings of Toussaint L’ouveture.Toussaint L’ouveture.

Slavery had been abolishedSlavery had been abolished Slaves were made into citizens.Slaves were made into citizens.

A SUCESS??A SUCESS??

The Haitian Revolution has often been The Haitian Revolution has often been described as the largest and most described as the largest and most successful slave rebellion in the successful slave rebellion in the Western Hemisphere.  Slaves initiated Western Hemisphere.  Slaves initiated the rebellion in 1791 and by 1803 they the rebellion in 1791 and by 1803 they had succeeded in ending not just had succeeded in ending not just slavery but French control over the slavery but French control over the colony. - colony. - Thomas O. Ott, The Haitian Revolution 1789-1804 (Knoxville, Tennessee:University of Tennessee, 1973);

Legendaries of the Haitian Legendaries of the Haitian revolutionrevolution

Toussaint LouvertureToussaint Louverture Jean-Jacques DessalinesJean-Jacques Dessalines Charles Victor Emmanuel LeclercCharles Victor Emmanuel Leclerc Napoléon BonaNapoléon Bona   Vincent OgeVincent Oge