the history of health and medicine
TRANSCRIPT
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The History of Health and Medicine
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Prehistoric times
• People believed that demons and spirits caused diseases.
• Witch doctors used herbs and plants.• People did not live long.
Cure for a headache.
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The danger of childbirth and being a baby in ancient times.
• 1 out of 8 women died during childbirth.• 1 out of 4 children died when they were a
baby.
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Hippocrates: The Father of Modern MedicineLived 2500 years ago.
He and his students wrote 60 books.
He believed diseases had a natural cause, instead of superstition.
The Hippocratic Oath
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Aristotle of Greece
Dissected many animals.
Studied anatomy.
He thought good diet and cleanliness were important.
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Doctor Galen: Blood letting
Blood letting seems crazy, but sometimes it worked!
Leeches suck blood.
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Mercury
For hundreds of years, mercury was used as a medicine.
We now know it is very poisonous.
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The torpedo fish relieves pain
It gives an electric shock like a taser gun.
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Romans
Drained swamps to stop malaria.
Made the first sewers.
Tools for surgery.
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The Dark Ages- 400 a.d. to 800 a.d.
People were not allowed to study medicine.
Religious people took care of sick people.
People prayed to get better.
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The Middle Ages 800-1400 a.d.
• The bubonic plague, tuberculosis, smallpox, typhoid and other diseases killed 75% of the people in Europe and Asia.
The plague was spread by fleas on rats.
A plague doctor.
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The Renaissance 1400-1700 a.d.
Microscopes were invented.
The printing press let knowledge spread.
Doctors studied human anatomy.
The “Age of Enlightenment”
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The Industrial Revolution- Late 1700’s- 1800’s
The smallpox vaccine was invented in 1796.
People learned that bacteria and viruses cause disease.
Doctors started to keep hospitals sterile and clean.
Millions of lives were saved.
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Heroin as medicineIn the 19th century drugs like heroin and morphine were used often and were easy to buy.
Now we know they are dangerous.
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Lobotomy
A lobotomy was done for people with mental problems during the 1940’s-1960’s.
It can make them calmer, but often can go very wrong.
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Modern Times: 1900-present
• Penicillin was discovered in 1920.
MRI scans and X-rays help save lives.
Laser eye surgery.
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World map of average life expectancy
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Antibiotic resistant germs
Viruses and bacteria are evolving.
Antibiotics don’t work as well now as they used to.
This is becoming a big problem.
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The Future?A high tech prosthetic arm.
A 3d printer making a human heart.
Nanobots in your blood.
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Questions
• What is the average life expectancy of a Thai person?• What happened in the renaissance that helped science
and medicine?• What does the torpedo fish make that can help relieve
pain?• What does an antibiotic do?• What is a vaccine?• What percent of babies died during ancient times?• What is one kind of medical technology that we may
expect in the future?