the history of irkutsk

14
The HISTORY The HISTORY of of IRKUTSK IRKUTSK Презентация по теме Презентация по теме элективного курса элективного курса «Мой родной город» «Мой родной город» 9класс 9класс Выполнено: Елшина Л.А Выполнено: Елшина Л.А . .

Upload: shania

Post on 22-Jan-2016

58 views

Category:

Documents


0 download

DESCRIPTION

The HISTORY of IRKUTSK. Презентация по теме элективного курса «Мой родной город» 9класс Выполнено: Елшина Л.А. Match the words to their meaning. researcher scientist to destroy to ruin rapid prison - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

TRANSCRIPT

Page 1: The HISTORY  of IRKUTSK

The HISTORY The HISTORY ofof

IRKUTSKIRKUTSK

Презентация по теме элективного Презентация по теме элективного курсакурса

«Мой родной город»«Мой родной город»9класс9класс

Выполнено: Елшина Л.АВыполнено: Елшина Л.А..

Page 2: The HISTORY  of IRKUTSK

Match the words to their Match the words to their meaning.meaning.

researcher scientistresearcher scientist

to destroy to ruinto destroy to ruin

rapid prisonrapid prison

exile quickexile quick

borderland to decide borderland to decide to determine to determine frontierfrontier

Page 3: The HISTORY  of IRKUTSK

What words do you need to What words do you need to speak about history?speak about history?

severe unique exile destroy severe unique exile destroy regional connect arrival merchant regional connect arrival merchant master infuse exert master infuse exert

Page 4: The HISTORY  of IRKUTSK

In 1661 a wooden “ostrog” –was built at the mouth of the Irkut by order of the Yenisei lands Ivan Ivanovich Rzhevsky.The “ostrog” was named Irkutsky.

History of

IRKUTSK

Page 5: The HISTORY  of IRKUTSK

The HISTORY The HISTORY ofof

IRKUTSKIRKUTSKThe area of the first town of Irkutsk The area of the first town of Irkutsk

covered only 303 square metres covered only 303 square metres and the population of the first and the population of the first ostrog consisted of 20 Cossaks.It ostrog consisted of 20 Cossaks.It was situated on the cross roads of was situated on the cross roads of the trading routes leading to the trading routes leading to Mongolia and China. Due to the Mongolia and China. Due to the geographical position Irkutsk geographical position Irkutsk grew very quickly. The city was grew very quickly. The city was founded on the confluence of the 2 founded on the confluence of the 2 rovers: the Angara and the Irkut. rovers: the Angara and the Irkut. And the settlement was named And the settlement was named after the river Irkut which mean after the river Irkut which mean speedy, fast flowing.speedy, fast flowing.

Page 6: The HISTORY  of IRKUTSK

Irkutsk’s coat of armsIrkutsk’s coat of armsIn 1725 Irkutsk became the capital ofEastern Siberia.It was a big trading centre and in 1686 it was given the status of the City.In 1690 Irkutsk was given the coat of arms which depicts two animals: one of them is an animal relative to a tigerand it’s called “babr”, another one is a sable.These animals are symbolic for thepower and wealth of Siberia.

Page 7: The HISTORY  of IRKUTSK

The Map of Irkutsk’s landsThe Map of Irkutsk’s lands

Page 8: The HISTORY  of IRKUTSK

Development of IRKUTSKDevelopment of IRKUTSKFor 300 years the development of the town was closely connected with mastering the severe lands of Siberia. Numerous villages and settlements on the banks of the Angara, the Irkut, the Ushakovka, Lake Baikal and along the highways and smaller roads largely determined the building of the city.Irkutsk was built in the middle of the great historic route across Asia from the Urals to the Pacific Ocean. Tradepeople, peasant and soldiers passed through the town. Its geographic position was very convenient for diplomatic links between East and West as well as for the administration of Siberia.

Page 9: The HISTORY  of IRKUTSK

Development of IRKUTSKDevelopment of IRKUTSK

In the second half of the 17-th In the second half of the 17-th century the small settlement on the century the small settlement on the bank of the Angara developed into a bank of the Angara developed into a large regional trade centre, and large regional trade centre, and into one of the early centres of into one of the early centres of Russian culture on the East. The Russian culture on the East. The first school of Mongolian, Russian first school of Mongolian, Russian and Slavonic languages, and later and Slavonic languages, and later of Japanese, was founded there in of Japanese, was founded there in 1725 at Vosnesensky Monastery.1725 at Vosnesensky Monastery.

A quarter of a century later, a A quarter of a century later, a navigation school was founded.navigation school was founded.

Page 10: The HISTORY  of IRKUTSK

Development of IRKUTSKDevelopment of IRKUTSK In the 1760s, an overland passage, the Moscow High Road, was built to In the 1760s, an overland passage, the Moscow High Road, was built to

Irkutsk.Irkutsk.

By the edict of 1764, Irkutsk became the capital of a vast province stretching By the edict of 1764, Irkutsk became the capital of a vast province stretching from the Yenisei to Alaska. It played an important role in the exploration of from the Yenisei to Alaska. It played an important role in the exploration of the Northeastern coast and islands of the Pacific Ocean.the Northeastern coast and islands of the Pacific Ocean.

The life of well-known navigator Grigoriy Ivanovich Shelikhov was connected The life of well-known navigator Grigoriy Ivanovich Shelikhov was connected to Irkutsk.to Irkutsk.

Shelikhov and other Irkutsk merchants founded the Russian-American Shelikhov and other Irkutsk merchants founded the Russian-American Company, which “controlled a vast territory on the American continent and Company, which “controlled a vast territory on the American continent and the archipelages lying to the west of it as far as Japan, including the north-the archipelages lying to the west of it as far as Japan, including the north-western coast of America and California, as far as the lands of independent western coast of America and California, as far as the lands of independent Indians and Eskimos to the north-east and as far as the Sandwich Islands Indians and Eskimos to the north-east and as far as the Sandwich Islands to the south”.to the south”.

There, goods for the Russian domains in Alaska and on the Pacific Islands There, goods for the Russian domains in Alaska and on the Pacific Islands were purchased. This territory, called “Russian America”, was part of the were purchased. This territory, called “Russian America”, was part of the vast provinces of Irkutsk.vast provinces of Irkutsk.

Page 11: The HISTORY  of IRKUTSK

Development of IRKUTSKDevelopment of IRKUTSKFor three centuries Irkutsk was mostly a wooden town. This Siberian town was For three centuries Irkutsk was mostly a wooden town. This Siberian town was

destroyed by fire more than once. The first of 1775 and 1879 were the most destroyed by fire more than once. The first of 1775 and 1879 were the most devastating. The latter destroyed 75 residential blocks, all commercial and devastating. The latter destroyed 75 residential blocks, all commercial and municipal buildings, the library, the archive and unique collection of the municipal buildings, the library, the archive and unique collection of the museum of the Eastern Siberia Society.museum of the Eastern Siberia Society.

In the 18-th century, the construction of buildings in stone was begun. Building In the 18-th century, the construction of buildings in stone was begun. Building in stone achiavad a high point in Irkutsk in the 1870s. in stone achiavad a high point in Irkutsk in the 1870s.

Page 12: The HISTORY  of IRKUTSK

Development of IRKUTSKDevelopment of IRKUTSK

The waves of revolutionary events in The waves of revolutionary events in central Russia, Poland, Byelorussia central Russia, Poland, Byelorussia reached Siberia with the arrival of reached Siberia with the arrival of political exiles. At various times political exiles. At various times Irkutsk was the place of exile of Irkutsk was the place of exile of Ibragim Cannibal, great-grandfather of Ibragim Cannibal, great-grandfather of the famous poet A.S.Pushkin, the the famous poet A.S.Pushkin, the writer A.N. Radishchev, the writer A.N. Radishchev, the Decembrisrs S.P.Trubetskoy and S.G. Decembrisrs S.P.Trubetskoy and S.G. Volkonsky, members of the Volkonsky, members of the Petrashevsky Society, Polish rebel. Petrashevsky Society, Polish rebel. These events had a positive influence These events had a positive influence on Irkutsk and on its growth of social on Irkutsk and on its growth of social consciousness among Siberians. consciousness among Siberians.

Page 13: The HISTORY  of IRKUTSK

Development of IRKUTSKDevelopment of IRKUTSK

The construction of the Trans-Siberian Railway at the end of the 19-th century speeded up the development of Irkutsk’s contacts with European Russia and infusedlife into all spheres of the town’s life.

Page 14: The HISTORY  of IRKUTSK

Put these events in the right order and say what Put these events in the right order and say what

events influenced the development of Irkutsk?events influenced the development of Irkutsk?

1. 1. The construction of Railroad speeded up the development The construction of Railroad speeded up the development of its contacts with European Russia.of its contacts with European Russia.

2. In the 1769’s an overland passage, the Moscow High Road 2. In the 1769’s an overland passage, the Moscow High Road was built to Irkutsk.was built to Irkutsk.

3. The wooden ostrog was built at the mouth of the Irkut in 3. The wooden ostrog was built at the mouth of the Irkut in 1661.1661.

4. Irkutsk became the capital of a vast province stretching 4. Irkutsk became the capital of a vast province stretching from the Yenisei to Alaska in 1764.from the Yenisei to Alaska in 1764.

5. The fires of 1775 and 1879 were the most divesting.5. The fires of 1775 and 1879 were the most divesting.6. The first school of Mongolia, Russian and old Slavonic 6. The first school of Mongolia, Russian and old Slavonic

languages were founded in 1725.languages were founded in 1725.