the hong kong polytechnic university · 2018-09-27 · ' ( ) * + , - . - / - 0 1 2 3 4 * ( 5 6...

26

Upload: others

Post on 07-Jul-2020

5 views

Category:

Documents


0 download

TRANSCRIPT

Page 1: The Hong Kong Polytechnic University · 2018-09-27 · ' ( ) * + , - . - / - 0 1 2 3 4 * ( 5 6 2 0 + 6 ) 7 / 8 * 7 9 6 7 : 4 1 ) ; - / / 6 ) 7 0 5 . - 2 ) : 7 6 + 6 ) 7 4 1 ) ; -

��������� ���

�������������������� �������� ���

������ !"#" $%��&'()*+ ,- .-/-0123 4*(5620+6)7/ 8*7967: 41);-//6)705 .-2):76+6)7 41);-//6)705 <-1=62- >-02367: ?76=-1/6+@ <-1=62- 43A 079 .' 4)/6+6)7/��B�CDE��D FG !�H�� ��I J�H�CF�E��D�� J�&����C��&K$L� MF�& NF�& OF�PD�QL��Q R��H�C%�DPK MS�& MFEK NFT�FF�K MF�& NF�&UVW UXYZ[\ ]W W _XYabccdeffggghijjhdklmnhjonhbpfqorstcursvfbccdeffggghuikdnuhikwfrncbxofojcrxlhnylzrncbky{o|}~����~}~��bccdeffuibklryhvkkvljhikwfixcrcxksuznujy|��p�ysv������bl|jsbccdeffkyixohkyvf��������~���������� bccdeffggghiljry~�}�hikwf bccdeffgggh�gy~�}�hikwf��ucyricu��djixrl�{uunju����~�}�f bccdeffgggh�jjw~�}�hikwf ��X�[�Z� ��Z�Z�Y� ��ZX�[ �V��[ �V � Z�XY� �V��[ �V ����� � ¡ ¢ ��£¤ ¥¦ §�� ¢ � ¦¦£� © ª¤  «¤  ¬¤�­§¦® �® ° ��¦£±�§­© ª¤  «¤ {²³_³ ZZ�ZYa µ�¶�\XV ·�¤±®�¦ ®¦ ¢ � ¦¦£� © ¦ § ° ��¦£±�§­© ·¦��¹¥ZZ�ZYa µ�¶�\XV ����� � ¡ ¢ ��£¤ ¥¦ §�� ¢ � ¦¦£� © º§� »¤£¡ ° ��¦£±�§­© °º¼µ[YZ�V ½[��¾V[V ½[��¾V[V ����� � ¡ ¿�§¹£�� À¦±¤¹£®¦± ¢ � ¦¦£� © ° ��¦£±�§­ ¤» �� §¦£Á¹£­© ¿¦Â æ��� ¡���ÄU����VX\ Å[\\�Æ ����� � ¡ ¢ ��£¤ ¥¦ §�� ¢ � ¦¦£� © ǥȦ£��� �¤��¦¦ ɤ ¡¤ © °«���ÄU����VX\ Å[\\�Æ Ç ±§�§¹§¦ »¤£ §¦ ¢ ��£¤ ¥¦ §© ª¤  «¤  ° ��¦£±�§­ ¤» º®�¦ ®¦ � ¡ ʦ® ¤�¤­© ª«

ËÌÍÎ Ï ÐV[[Y�ËÌÍË Ï ËÌÍÎÑ�Ò ËÌÍÓ ÔXYÏÅ[Õ ËÌÍÍÖ Ô¾\Ï�¾a ËÌÍËÖ Ô¾YÏ�¾a ËÌÍ× ËÌÍÍ ÏËÌÍËËÌÌØ ÏËÌÍÌ ËÌÌÎ ÏËÌÌØ ËÌÌÙ ÏËÌÌÎÚ[[XV�¶ ÛY�[V[��ny yjujryib jwdbruxÜju r ucyksv lxsp ck yjrl�lxÝj jsÞxykswjscrl ibrlljsvju xs cbj yjvxksrl ikscjßchàk jsunyj unucrxsr�lj ny�rs ojÞjlkdwjscá gj sjjo ck jsbrsij kny jsvxsjjyxsv xsÝyrucynicnyj rsoiyjrcj sjg grmu xs gbxib gj wrsrvj ikscrwxsrcjo lrsoá uklxo grucjá rso ny�rs grcjyh �ny yjujryibvyknd rxwu ck ojÞjlkd ikuc�jâjicxÞj rso lkg�xwdric uklncxksu cbrc ryj xsÝkywjo �m Ýnsorwjscrluixjsij kÝ srcnyrl rso jsvxsjjyjo umucjwuhãsÞxykswjscrl ruujuuwjsc rso unucrxsr�lj yjwjoxrcxks kÝ ikscrwxsrcjo lrso�xkwruu Þrlkyxurcxks kÝ Ýkko grucjá gkko grucjá rvyk�grucjá rso grucjgrcjy ulnovj�ckywgrcjy bryÞjucxsv rso xsonucyxrl grucjgrcjy cyjrcwjsc Ýky yjuxlxjsc grcjy imilj³�¾�X�Z�Y�¶U ÛY ]ZÒZ\ ³YaZY[[VZYa äksv åksv �sxÞjyuxcm kÝ �ixjsij rso àjibsklkvmá äå æ³Ya çè�Yé ZY ]ZÒZ\ XY� µ�V¾��¾VX\ ³YaZY[[VZYa êxsky ëjvyjj xs �kixrl �ixjsijá äksv åksv �sxÞjyuxcm kÝ �ixjsij rso àjibsklkvmá äå�V��[ Z�YX\ ì¾X\Zí�X�Z�Y���aVX�¾X�[ UZÐ\��X ZY _[V�ZXVî _[X�¶ZYa �sxÞjyuxcm kÝ ïrscjy�nymá ðñ ]¶XV�[V[� ³YÒZV�Y�[Y�X\Z� ç]³YÒé �kixjcm kÝ ãsÞxykswjscrl ãsvxsjjyuá �å�¤ §�®§ ò¦ñ����á �fóá �lkip ñá ôbruj �á äksv åksv ôklmcjibsxi �sxÞjyuxcmáänsv äkwá åkglkksá äksv åksvá ïbxsrorshcursvõdklmnhjonhbp ö àjle ��~�~�������~

÷øù��������������ù�ø���� ���ù���

Page 2: The Hong Kong Polytechnic University · 2018-09-27 · ' ( ) * + , - . - / - 0 1 2 3 4 * ( 5 6 2 0 + 6 ) 7 / 8 * 7 9 6 7 : 4 1 ) ; - / / 6 ) 7 0 5 . - 2 ) : 7 6 + 6 ) 7 4 1 ) ; -

��������� ��� ���� ����������������

�������������� !�"�� ������� �� ����#$��%��& ���

'()*+,�-./.�01()234567�89 :9;9<=>?�@64AB><7B5C; D6CEBCF @=5G9;;B5C<A�:9>5FCB7B5C @=5G9;;B5C<A�H9=IB>9 J9<>?BCF KCBI9=;B7L�H9=IB>9 @?M�<CE�:3�@5;B7B5C;'+N(OPQ+)P�RS�-*T*,�()U�V)T*OR)Q+)P(,�V)2*)++O*)2W0X+�YR)2�ZR)2�[R,\P+]X)*]�)*T+O1*P\W�Y_)2�YRQW�ZR,RR)W�YR)2�ZR)2

abc�dedf���ghi�j�klkmno�pmlqr�ks�ntlk�inoabc�dedf���ghi�j�klkmno�pmlqr�ks�ntlk�inoabc�dedf���ghi�j�klkmno�pmlqr�ks�ntlk�inoabc�dedf���ghi�j�klkmno�pmlqr�ks�ntlk�inouvwxyz{�|w}{~�z�~vy�abc�dedf���ghi�j�klkmno�pmlqr�ks�ntlk�inabc�dedf���ghi�j�klkmno�pmlqr�ks�ntlk�inoabc�dedf���ghi�j�klkmno�pmlqr�ks�ntlk�inoabc�dedf���ghi�j�klkmno�pmlqr�ks�ntlk�ino ��z���~��|w}{~�z�~vy��������������

��������

��������

��������

��������

��������

Page 3: The Hong Kong Polytechnic University · 2018-09-27 · ' ( ) * + , - . - / - 0 1 2 3 4 * ( 5 6 2 0 + 6 ) 7 / 8 * 7 9 6 7 : 4 1 ) ; - / / 6 ) 7 0 5 . - 2 ) : 7 6 + 6 ) 7 4 1 ) ; -

��������� ��� �����������������

��������������� �!�� �������� �� ���� ��"

#$%&'(�)*+*�,-$%./0123�45 657589:;�<20=>:83>1?7 @2?A>?B <91C577>1?8=�65:1B?>3>1? <91C577>1?8=�D59E>:5 F58:;>?B G?>E597>3H�D59E>:5 <;I�8?A�6/�<17>3>1?7#'J$KLM'%L�NO�)&P&(�$%Q�R%P&KN%M'%L$(�R%.&%''K&%.S,T'�UN%.�VN%.�WN(XL'YT%&Y�Z%&P'K-&LXS�U[%.�UNMS�VN\(NN%S�UN%.�VN%.

]�_a�bcde�fghija�fe� e�klija�me�n ioa�pqe�rhija�ne�rslija�qe�tua�_re�vhhia�wr�pxygigyz{gh|sl}�|hy~h�go��l��l��olgil{x��s�o�}hj�i�h��|lolx��o��h}�jx|h���g�hy�}g�loghi�gi�{gh}��gi�}���}��i�ws�ya���]�a�gi�~}�����_a�bcde� e�ra��e�_g~a�pwce�rslija�qe�tua�_re�cgya�cn�e�vhhia�wr�whio}l�ogij�}hx���h��ylx�g|�l|g��gi�|hio}hxxgijugi�og|��li����x�|og�go��h��ri�b��z�h}�w}�bbb�z|lolx�����~}h�|oghi�h��s��}h��y�os�x�}�}lx��nd���pwr�r�olgi�ws�y��ija���]�a�gi�~}�����dlua��dk e�_a�bcde� e�n�a�rw�e�vhhia�wr�v}hyhogij��hh���l�o��}�|�|xgij�gi�os��|hyy�}|glx�li��gi��o}glx���|oh}{����o�i�gij�os��os�h}��h��~xlii���{�sl�gh}��p�nhij�chij�|l����o���q�wx�li�v}h�a���]�a�gi�~}�����_ha�re�tua�_re� e�c�hia���e�klija�wn���h�l}���~}l|og|lx�l~~xg|loghi�h��jl�g�g|loghi��p�|}gog|lx�}��g����}hy���ijl��li�{gh|sl}�~�}�~�|og����w}go������i�g}hi�r|g���|sihxa���]�a�gi�~}�����r~li|slg�lyloa��e�q�o�}g�~l}{a�ce�cig�i�i{}ja�q��e� e�n ioa�pq��mgjigiz{l����ylo�}glx���h}�l��h}~oghi��w }}�ioo}�i�a�~�}�~�|og����li��h~~h}oigog����gh}��h}|����|sihxa���]�a�gi�~}�����wsha��k e�cgya�re� e�c�hia���e�c�hia��e�rhija�n���s�}yh|s�yg|lx�|hi��}�ghi�h��|h{lxozxhl�����~�io�|h�����j}hi���h}�~}h�|oghi�h���i�}j��}��h}|���li���i�g}hiy�iolx�|lolx��o��gh}��h}|����|sihxa���]�a�gi�~}�����wlha�me�_a�bcde�mga�_e�� lia�fe� e�n ioa�pqe�tua�_re�rhija�ne��slija�r�mgjigi��lxh}g�loghi��h}�os��~}h�|oghi�h�}�i��l{x��|s�yg|lx���rolo�zh�zos�zl}o�}��g���li���o}��~}h�~�|o���gh}��h}|����|sihxa���]�a�gi�~}�������xxgijg}ga�ce� e�cgya�cn�e����~a�p�e�� oola��e��hus�lxh�a��k ��s��ogxg�loghi�h���gi|�}�|h��}����}hy�lxulxgi��{loo�}��l�o��l��y�olx�~}�|}�h}�gi�os����ios��g��h��y�olxzh}jlig|��}ly��h}u�q�wx�li�v}h�a���]�a�]��a����z]�����mlya�wde�_a�bcde�n�a�rw�e� mg��z|�|x��l�����y�io�hi��hh���l�o���lxh}g�loghi�oh��lx�zl�����~}h�|o��q�wx�liv}h�a���]�a�]��a����z���]��klija�me�ws�ia�me� e�mga�qre��l�ua�ce�nha��e��gija�re�vhhia�wr����|�|xgij�|hiolygilo������gy�io��gioh��gxx�ylo�}glx�a~l}ogoghi�{xh|u�a�li��~l�gij�{xh|u�����|sig|lx�li���|hihyg|�l�����y�io�q�wx�li�v}h�a���]�a�]��a���z��]]�wlha�me�_a�bcde� e��slija�re�tua�_re�c�hia���e�rhija�ne�vhhia�wr�vsh�~sh}g|�l|g�zl|og�lo����hh��{gh|sl}��h}|lolx�og|�|hi��}�ghi�h���ol}|sz}g|s��hh���l�o��gioh�jx|h���li���zs��}h��y�os�x�}�}lx��gh}��h}|����|sihxa���]�a����a����z���]��_a�bcde� e�_g~a�pwce�n ioa�pqe�rs�}�hh�a�qe�rslija�qe�rhija�ne�tua�_r�e�vhhia�wr�v}h~�x�i��|l}{hilo��li�� z�lx�}hxl|ohi��l��j}��i��hx��io���isli|��ri�b��z|lolx�����s��}h��y�os�x�}�}lx��nd���~}h�|oghi��}hy�{}�l���l�o���}��i�ws�ya��]�a���a�����z����]��c�hia��e�wsha��k e� e�c�hia����e�rhija�n��ti���o�~��l{}g|loghi�h��|l}{hi��~~h}o���|h{lxo�~�ioxli�go���wh�r����gl�os�os�}yhx��g��h��xgjigi�li��wh�t��q�wt��¡ogxa���]�a���a�]��z���]��wsha��k e�cgya�re� e��hxlia��re�cgya��e�c�hia���e�tua�_re�rhija�n��whio}g{oghi�h��~�}hx�og|�jl��y��gy�oh�os��l{}g|loghi�h��whzgy~}�jilo���{gh|sl}�q�wt��¡ogxa���]�a���a����z���]��_a�bcde�tija�cme� e�nl¢�a�dpe�c�lia��ne�ws�ia�rre�¡g�lia�ce�cxulyga�re�mgia�wrc��ws�yg|lx�o}li��h}yloghih���hh��li��{���}lj���l�o�z��}g�����}|oh���oh�s��}h��y�os�x�}�}lx�l��l��lx�zl�����~}h�|o�wlolx��h�l�a���]�a��]�a���z��]��fghija�fe�_a�bcde�ws�ia�rre� �e�wlha�me�rhija�ne�c�hia���e�tua�_re��slija�re�vhhia�wr�rx�hilo���{gh|sl}�l�l|g��|lolx��o��h}��jl}�s��}hx��g��li����s��}loghi�wlolx��h�l�a���]�a��]�a���z�]]��rlyl��l}a�ve�tua�_re�cgya�cn�e�c�hia����e r�ios��g��h��ilihylo�}glx���}hy��l}gh���l�o���li��os�g}�i���lj�l~~xg|loghi��q�wx�li�v}h�a���]�a�]��a�]]��z]���]��mlya�wde�_a�bcde�d���xa��e� e�n�a�rw�e�vhhia�wr�mg��z|�|x��|h�oz{�i��go�lilx��g��hi���olgil{x���hh���l�o�ylilj�y�io���s��|l���h��nhij�chij�bio�}iloghilx�pg}~h}o�q�wx�li�v}h�a���]�a�]��a���]z���]���lija�me�mga�qr�e��hilo�xxha�re�ws����ylia�w�e�klija�£e�vhhia�wr�e� ���|h��}��h��~sh�~sh}���}hy�gi|gi�}lo�����lj���x�j��l�s�{��|hy{gi���o�hz�o�~���o}l|oghi�li����x�|og���~}�|g~gologhi�ws�y��ij�qa���]�a����a���z�����nl�s�yg�l��sa�be��hxh�uha���e�wshga�qe� e�_g~a�pwc��vshoh|lolx�og|�}��|oghi�h��wt��oh�s��}h|l}{hi���gij�{ghzo�y~xlo���~h}h���gt��l}|sgo�|o}���i��}�¡��li���g�g{x��xgjso�ws�y��ij�qa���]�a����a���z���]�wlha�me�_a�bcde�ws�ia�rre� e�klija�me�fghija�fe��slija�re�tua�_re�c�hia���e�rhija�ne�vhhia�wr�v}h�|oghi�h��zs��}h��y�os�x�}�}lx��}hy��ol}|sz}g|s��hh���l�o��|lolx�����{���x�hilo���{gh|sl}��gh}��h}|����|sihxa���]�a����a���z�����ws�ia�rre�klija�me�_a�bcde� e�n ioa�pqe�q�}hy�a��e��slij�re�tua�_re�vhhia�wr��lxh}g�loghi�h��xgjih|�xxxh�g|�g{}���h��~l~�}��l�o��gioh�x��xgig|�l|g���gij��hxg��li��l¢�h���}¤i�o���l|g���gh}��h}|����|sihxa���]�a����a����z������m��a��e�tsa�qbe�cgya��e� e�cgya�cne�m��a�qe�c�hia�����whio}hxxgij�j�i�}loghi�h��{�i��i���li��~hx�|�|xg|�l}hylog|s��}h|l}{hi��gi�os�}yhx��g��h��~hx��gi�x�|sxh}g���gi�wt���i�}j�whi��}��dlilj�a���]�a�]��a����z������c�hia���e�m��a��e�tua�_re� e�vl}ua�w�e�m��a�q������|o��h��|lx|gy�|l}{hilo��hi�~�}hx��g��h�����lj���x�j���i�}j�a��]�a�]��a����z��]���wlha�me�ws�ia�ne� e�mha��e�nlha�re��slija�r�e�ws�ia�q�t~ogyg�gij���xh���~}h�|oghi��}hy�~gi��hh���l���o�os}hjs�gxo�z~sh�~sh}g|zl|g��s��}hx��g��{��}��~hi����}�l|��y�osh�hxhj��q�wx�li�v}h�a���]�a�]��a����z������wlha�me�mha��e� e�ws�ia�ne��slija�r�e�ws�ia�q�p�ih��x�~}h|�����h}�h{olgigij�sgjs�¢lxgo��|�xxxh���l|�olo���}hy�j}��ixli��|l~gij��l�o��q�wx�li�v}h�a���]�a�]��a����z�������slija�_e�m�ija���e��ha��e�klija�me�ws�ia�rre� r�ios��g��h����hxgo��p��gij����lj���x�j��l�s��h}�l~~xg|loghi�gi�l}y�yg��l�~slxo�q�wx�li�v}h�a���]�a�]��a����z������_lija�fe�c�hia���e��ha�fe��slija�de�cgya�cne� e�tua�_r���l{}g|loghi�h���~s�}g|lx�{gh|sl}�{��l�o�hz�o�~�os�}ylx~}h|�����}hy��l�o��~holoh�~��x�r|g��holx��i�g}hia���]�a����a����z������vhxh��a�pd�e��xih}a�p_e�pig�a�pe�rslgusa�ne�pxz�ls}liga�rde���h}j�a�qe�pxzkl{�xa�dbe�¡�ylia�p�e�tua�_re� erl}ylsa�pc��lo��~lxy�{gh|sl}z~hx�y�}�|hy~h�go����pi�gi���ogjloghi�h���x�|o}g|lxa�y�|slig|lxa�os�}ylx�li��}s�hxhjg|lx�|sl}l|o�}g�og|�r|g��holx��i�g}hia���]�a��]�z���a��]]z�]����m��a�r� e�m��a�qe�m��a��e�wsha�rne�tsa�qbe�tua�_re� e�c�hia�����wl}{hi��gh�g���l��g�o���os�}ylx���|hy~h�goghi�h�|loox����|}�ol�r|g��holx��i�g}hia���]�a��]�a���z���]�m��a�r� e�m��a�qe�wsha�rne�cgya�qe�tsa�qbe� e�q�hija�cne�c�hia�����£ liog�g|loghi�h���hxlogx���loo��l|g����}hy�|loox�yli}���gl�ihiz|lolx�og|���o�}g�g|loghi��h}�h�h}�gi�g|loh}�r|g��holx��i�g}hia���]�a��]�z�]]a����z������n�a�vve�vhhia�wr�e� why~l}g�hi�h��jxl���~h���}�li��~x��}g������x�l�s��h}�gy~}h�gij�os���lo�}�}��g�oli|��h�ylji��gy�h��|sxh}g���|�y�io�w�y�io�whi|}�o��why~a���]�a���a���z]�����nh��lgia�d¡e�klija�me�_a�bcde� e�vhhia�wr���i�g}hiy�iolx�li��o�|sig|lx���l�g{gxgo���o���h��~|�|xgij��hh���l�o�gioh�|�y�ioz{hi����~l}og|x�{hl}��whi�o}��gx��dlo�}a���]�a�]��a����z������klija�me��ha��e��lija�fe� e�vhhia�wr�e�m�ija��e��l�ua�c�p�ih��x�o�~��h��|hio}hxx���xh���o}�ijos�ylo�}glx���}g�����}hylxy��x�j��li��j}��i�ylo�}glx��whi�o}��gx��dlo�}a���]�a�]��a����z������klija�me�_a�bcde� e�_a�ce�mga�re�vhhia�wr�e��lga�q��¡~|�|xgij��hh���l�o��gioh��g{}�z}�gi�h}|���ylji��gy~sh�~slo��|�y�io�~l}og|x�{hl}���whi�o}��gx��dlo�}a���]�a�]��a���z������lija�me�mga�qre�� ha�d�e�ws����ylia�w�e� e��hilo�xxha�re�vhhia�wr��vsh�~sh}��}�|h��}��li��x�l|sgij�h��o}l|��x�y�io���}hy�gi|gi�}lo������lj���x�j��l�s��brrp��ws�yh�~s�}�a���]�a�]��a����z������m��a�qe�_lija�fe�wsha�rne�cgya�qce�m��a�rre� e�tua�_r�e�c�hia�����v�}hx��g��~}h|����h��lj}g|xo}lx��l�o���gijwt���h}��l�o��ylilj�y�ioa��i�}j��}�|h��}�a�li��{gh|sl}��l{}g|loghi�p~~x��i�}ja���]�a�]��a��]�z������bjlxl�goslila�p�e�dli�lxa�re��gl�ga��ce��goslilj�a�de�vl}gusa�rqe�d uhy�a����e��g��lia�de�tx���|�ua�ve�pxzkl{�xa�de��hxlia�re� e�cgya�cn�e�tua�_r��p��li|���li���o}���g}�|oghi��h��{gh|sl}�|sl}l|o�}g�loghi�y�osh���li��l~~xg|loghi��w}go�����i�g}hi�r|g���|sihxa���]�a���a�����z�������fghija�fe�_a�bcde�wlha�me� e��slija�re�tua�_r�p�}��g���h��{gh|sl}z{l����|lolx��o���h}�|s�yg|lx���ios��g�a�{gh��x~}h�|oghia�li��~hxxoghi�|hio}hx��gh}��h}|����|sihxa���]�a����a����z������_ha�re�tua�_re�ws�ia�rre� e�c�hia���e�m��a�qe�klija�wn��p�|}gog|lx�}��g���hi���olgil{x��{gh|sl}����o�y�os}hjsjl�g�g|loghi���i�}j��li���i�g}hiy�iolx�l~~xg|loghi���gh}��h}|����|sihxa���]�a����a����z���

Page 4: The Hong Kong Polytechnic University · 2018-09-27 · ' ( ) * + , - . - / - 0 1 2 3 4 * ( 5 6 2 0 + 6 ) 7 / 8 * 7 9 6 7 : 4 1 ) ; - / / 6 ) 7 0 5 . - 2 ) : 7 6 + 6 ) 7 4 1 ) ; -

��������� ��� �����������������

��������������� �!�� �������� �� ���� ��"

#$%�&'()�*%+�,-'./)�&%+�&-0.)�1%+� +�*2()�3%+�,-'./)�4%5+�&-0.)�6%�1789(:-09;'<�<=>20?'@:=(.�(?�'/9=@2<:29'<�'.8�?(90A:97�B'A:0AC4:':0D(?D:-0D'9:�90E=0B�'.8�?2:290�F9(AF0@:A%�G=(90A(29@0�H0@-.(<%)�IJ$K)�I#L)�$$M#D$$NO%#I%�P2)�Q%R%S%+� +�&-0.)�4%4%+�T'./)�*%+�12.:)�U%6%+�4-09B((8)�6%+�V0�W<=E0=9'�X=/=09)�R%+�609(;0)�Y%+�WZ)�P%4%+�[((.)�&%4%�[(<'9'F9(:=@�A(<E0.:DB':09�;=\:290�'A�:-0�;08=2;�?(9�@':'<7:=@�F9(82@:=(.�(?�-789(\7;0:-7<?29?29'<�]1SY�?9(;�_90'8�B'A:0%�G=(90A(29@0H0@-.(<%)�IJ$K)�I#L)�#LD#I%#O%�62./)�6%S%+�*00)�4%a%%+�*00)�6%+�*00)�H%+� +�RB(.)�b%b%5�G=(8=0A0<�A7.:-0A=A�2A=./�@-=@Z0.�;'.290�_=(@-'9�'.8�B'A:0�@((Z=./(=<%�G=(90A(29@0�H0@-.(<%)�IJ$K)�I##)�M$JDM$L%##%�P2)�Q%R%S%+� &(.E09A=(.�(?�_=(;'AA�:(�-789(\7;0:-7<?29?29'<C�U�90E=0B�(?�@':'<7:=@�A7A:0;A�'.8�2.809<7=./�;0@-'.=A;A%G=(90A(29@0�H0@-.(<%)�IJ$K)�IOM)�K$DKOI%#L%�P2)�Q%R%S%+� +�P=F)�U%&%R%+�&-0.)�4%4%+�T'./)�*%+�WZ)�P%4%+�[((.)�&%4%�&':'<7:=@�E'<(9=c':=(.�(?�?((8�B'A:0�=.:(-789(\7;0:-7<?29?29'<�]1SYC�&(.:9(<<=./�90<':=E0�Z=.0:=@A�?(9�-=/-�F9(82@:=E=:7%�G=(90A(29@0�H0@-.(<%)�IJ$K)�IOK)�IIIDIOJ%#%�&-0.)�4%4%+�S'.0092./)�H%+� +�WZ)�P%4%+�T'./)�&%1%5�X'<(9=c':=(.�(?�_=(;'AA�:(�-789(\7;0:-7<?29?29'<)�<0E2<=.=@�'@=8)�'.8?'::7�'@=8�;0:-7<�0A:09�_7�-0:09(/0.0(2A�@':'<7A:A%�&-0;%�b./%�6%)�IJ$K)�OIM)�I#DIKO%#K%�&-0.)�4%4%+�P2)�Q%R%S%+� +�P=F)�U%&%R%+�R-'.)�b%+�T'./)�*%+�WZ)�P%4%5+�[((.)�&%4%�X'<(9=c':=(.�(?�@0<<2<(A=@�?((8�B'A:0�=.:(<0E2<=.=@�'@=8�@':'<7c08�_7�-0:09(/0.0(2A�G9d.A:08�'@=8AC�H0;F09':290�'.8�A(<E0.:�0??0@:A%�&-0;%�b./%�6%)�IJ$K)�OIK)�OIMDOOL%#M%�10)�[%[%+�[((.)�&%4%5+� b??0@:�(?�F2<E09=c08�?20<�'A-�'.8�&WI�@29=./�(.�:-0�B':09�90A=A:'.@0�(?�;'/.0A=2;�(\7@-<(9=80@0;0.:�]SW&%�&0;0.:�&(.@90:0�a0A%)�IJ$K)�NK)�$$LD$II%#N%�T'./)�*%+�P2)�Q%R%S%+� +�*=)�4%+�*=)�6%4%+�[((.)�&%4%+�T'./)�P%4%+�V'=)�6%3%�H9'.A?(9;=./�B((8�B'A:0�=.:(�B':09D90A=A:'.:;'/.0A='DF-(AF-':0�@0;0.:�F'9:=@<0_('98�;(8=?=08�_7�'<2;=.'�'.8�908�;28%�6%�&<0'.%�[9(8%)�IJ$K)�$M)�#LID#I%LJ%�T'./)�*%+�P02./)�H%*%R%+�*'2)�U%P%H%+� +�[((.)�&%4%�a0@7@<=./�@(.:';=.':08�A08=;0.:�=.:(�0@(D?9=0.8<7�F'E=./�_<(@ZA�_7�'@(;_=.':=(.�(?�_=.'97�@0;0.:�'.8�@'9_(.�8=(\=80�@29=./%�6%�&<0'.%�[9(8%)�IJ$K)�$#)�$IKND$IMM%L$%�T'./)�*%+�&-0.)�4%4%+� +�[((.)�&%4%+�V'=)�6%3%�&WI�@29=./�'.8�?=_90�90=.?(9@0;0.:�?(9�/900.�90@7@<=./�(?�@(.:';=.':08�B((8=.:(�-=/-DF09?(9;'.@0�@0;0.:D_(.808�F'9:=@<0_('98A%�6%�&WI�e:=<%)�IJ$K)�$M)�$JKD$$%LI%�*=)�6%4%+� +�T'./)�f%+�Y'./)�*%+�g20)�f%+�[((.)�&%4%5�Y':0�(?�;0:'<A�_0?(90�'.8�'?:09�@-0;=@'<�0\:9'@:=(.�(?�=.@=.09':08A0B'/0�A<28/0�'A-%�&-0;(AF-090)�IJ$K)�$M)�OLJDOLN%LO%�P2)�Q%R%S%+� +�P=F)�U%&%R%+�&-0.)�4%4%+�WZ)�P%4%+�[((.)�&%4%�X'<(9=c':=(.�(?�A:'9@-7)�@0<<2<(A=@)�'.8�A2/'97�?((8�B'A:0�=.:(-789(\7;0:-7<?29?29'<�_7�(.0DF(:�@':'<7A=A%�&-0;(AF-090)�IJ$K)�$M#)�$JNND$$JK%L#%�T'./)�*%+�P2)�Q%R%S%+� +�*=)�4%+�[((.)�&%4%�S=\:290�80A=/.�'.8�90'@:=(.�A0>20.@0�?(9�90@7@<=./�@(.:';=.':08�B((8�=.:(�9'F=8DA-'F=./�;'/.0A='DF-(AF-':0�@0;0.:�F'9:=@<0_('98%�Q.8%�b./%�&-0;%�a0A%)�IJ$K)�L)� #LD L#%LL%�T'./)�*%+�&-0.)�4%4%+� +�[((.)�&%4%+�WZ)�P%4%�b.-'.@=./�'.:=D;=@9(_='<�F9(F09:=0A�(?�B((8DF<'A:=@�@(;F(A=:0A�F9(82@08?9(;�:=;_09�'.8�F<'A:=@�B'A:0A%�b.E=9(.%�4@=%�[(<<2:%�a0A%)�IJ$K)�I#)�$IIIKD$IIOK%L%�1'A-0;=c'80-)�Q%+� +�h/)�P%1%+�T2)�,%+�3(<(EZ()�X%G%5+�P=F)�U%&%R%5�G=(D;=;=@Z=./�H=WI�'9@-=:0@:290A�?(9�0.-'.@08F-(:(@':'<7:=@�'@:=E=:7�2.809�eX�'.8�E=A=_<0�<=/-:%�a4&�U8E%)�IJ$K)�K)�ONJNMDON$JM%LK%�10)�[%[%+�[((.)�&%4%5+� eA=./�=.@=.09':08�A0B'/0�A<28/0�'A-�:(�=;F9(E0�:-0�B':09�90A=A:'.@0�(?�;'/.0A=2;�(\7@-<(9=80@0;0.:�]SW&%�&(.A:9%�G2=<8%�S':09%)�IJ$K)�$#K)�L$NDLI#%LM%�P2)�Q%R%S%+� +�P=F)�U%&%R%+�&-0.)�4%4%+�WZ)�P%4%+�[((.)�&%4%�X'<(9=c':=(.�(?�?((8�B'A:0�=.:(�-789(\7;0:-7<?29?29'<C�V2'<�9(<0(?�;0:'<�=(.A�=.�A2@@0AA=E0�@(.E09A=(.�A:0FA%�G=(90A(29@0�H0@-.(<%)�IJ$)�I$N)�OOMDO#K%LN%�T'./)�*%+�&-0.)�4%4%+� +�[((.)�&%4%+�4-=-)�R%�a0@7@<=./�@(.:';=.':08�B((8�=.:(�0@(D?9=0.8<7�F'9:=@<0_('98�2A=./�/900.@0;0.:�'.8�@'9_(.�8=(\=80�@29=./%�6%�&<0'.%�[9(8%)�IJ$)�$OK)�M$DMKJ%J%�T'./)�*%+�&-0.)�4%4%+� +�[((.)�&%4%+�4-=-)�R%�X'<20D'8808�90@7@<=./�(?�@(.A:92@:=(.�B'A:0�B((8�=.:(�.(=A0�'.8�:-09;'<=.A2<':=./�@0;0.:D_(.808�F'9:=@<0_('98A%�&(.A:9%�G2=<8%�S':09%)�IJ$)�$IL)�O$DOIL%$%�T'./)�*%+�RB(Z)�6%4%1%+� +�[((.)�&%4%�S=\:290�80A=/.�'.8�:90':;0.:�;0:-(8A�?(9�90@7@<=./�@(.:';=.':08�A08=;0.:%�6%1'c'98%�S':09%)�IJ$L)�IMO)�IODOI%I%�T'./)�*%+� +�[((.)�&%4%�3900.�90;08=':=(.�'.8�90@7@<=./�(?�@(.:';=.':08�A08=;0.:�_7�B'A:0D=.@(9F(9':08A:'_=<=c':=(.iA(<=8=?=@':=(.%�&-0;(AF-090)�IJ$L)�$II)�ILKDI#%O%�H(./)�U%4%Y%+�*'=)�R%&%R%+�h/)�R%H%T%+� +�*=2)�H%+�*=2)�6%+�12)�6%+�,-'./)�T%+�*()�Q%S%&%5�a0.0B'_<0�0.09/7�/0.09':=(.�_7�?2<<DA@'<0�_=(;'AA�/'A=?=@':=(.�A7A:0;�2A=./�'/9=@2<:29'<�'.8�?(90A:'<�90A=820A%�6(29.'<�(?�1'c'98(2A)�H(\=@)�'.8�a'8=('@:=E0�T'A:0)�IJJK)$$)$KKD$MO%$%�,-2)�P%+�H'()�4%+�42.)�6%H%+�T'./�g%*%+�*=)�g%V%+� +�,-2)�*%,%+�4-0.)�3%+�12'./)�1%+�&'=)�&%+�*=2)�T%g%5�S2<:=;08='�;(80<=./�(?:-0�[U1�@(.@0.:9':=(.�'.8�8=A:9=_2:=(.�=.�:-0�P'./:c0�a=E09�V0<:'�'.8�-2;'.�-0'<:-�9=AZ�'AA0AA;0.:%�4@=%�H(:'<�b.E=9(.%)�IJ$N)�#K)�NIDNKI%I%�['9Z)�4%S%+�P'./)�6%4%+� +�U<0AA=)�V%4%+�G'0Z)�R%5�b.-'.@08�=990E09A=_<0�?=\':=(.�(?�@0A=2;�_7�B0::=./�'.8�897=./�@7@<0A�=.�A(=<%b.E=9(.%�30(@-0;%�10'<:-)�IJ$N)�=.�F90AA%O%�P(()�6%&%+�60(.)�[%+� +�RB(.)�b%b%+�G'0Z)�R%5�[email protected]'.@08�@-0;=@'<�90;08=':=(.�(?�8908/08�;'9=.0�A08=;0.:@(.:';=.':08�_7�;0:'<A�'.8�F0:9(<02;�-789(@'9_(.A%�b.E=9(.%�[(<<2:%)�IJ$M)�I#O)�MKDNO%#%�g2)�,%+�g2)�g%+� %+�&'()�g%5�&(.:9'A:=./�=;F'@:A�(?�F90D�'.8�F(A:D'FF<=@':=(.�'/=./�(?�_=(@-'9�(.�:-0�=;;(_=<=c':=(.�(?�&8�=.@(.:';=.':08�A(=<A%�b.E=9(.%�[(<<2:%)�IJ$M)�I#I)�$OID$OKJ%L%�T0=)�1%+�,-'./)�T%+�,-2'./)�*%+�T'./)�4%5+� +�f=2)�a%5�HB(DA:'/0�;2<:=D?9'@:=(.�?=9A:D(9809�Z=.0:=@�;(80<=./�?(9�A(=<�&80\:9'@:=(.�_7�bVHU%�&-0;(AF-090)�IJ$M)�I$$)�$JOLD$J#I%%�T'./)�*%+�P2)�R%+�*=)�6%4%+� +�[((.)�&%4%+�P(()�6%&%+�G'0Z)�R%+�V=./)�4%+�1(2)�V%+�V'=)�6%3%�*(BD@'9_(.�'.8�<(BD'<Z'<=.=:7A:'_=<=c':=(.iA(<=8=?=@':=(.�(?�-=/-D[_�@(.:';=.':08�A(=<%�&-0;%�b./%�6%)�IJ$M)�OL$)�#$MD#IK%K%�a'=)�[%R%+�R2;'9)�X%+�*00)�4%4%+�a'c')�h%+�R=;)�R%1%5+�WZ)�P%4%5+� h'.(F'9:=@<0DF<'.:�=.:09'@:=(.C�Q;F<=@':=(.A�=.�0.09/7)�:-00.E=9(.;0.:)�'.8�'/9=@2<:290%�b.E=9(.%�Q.:%)�IJ$M)�$$N)�$D$N%M%�G0=72'.)�6%5+� �G(<'.)�h%4%+�G'0Z)�R%+�WZ)�P%4%+�*=)�g%V%�Q.:09'@:=(.A�(?�?((8�B'A:0�@(;F(A:�B=:-�;0:'<A�'.8�;0:'<D@-0<'.:@(;F<0\0A�829=./�A(=<�90;08=':=(.%�6%�&<0'.%�[9(8%)�IJ$M)�$NI)�$NNDIJ%N%�*00)�S%b%+�60(.)�b%R%+� �G'0Z)�R%5�4=;2<:'.0(2A�'FF<=@':=(.�(?�(\'<=@�'@=8�'.8�8=:-=(.=:0�?(9�0.-'.@08�0\:9'@:=(.�(?�'9A0.=@_(2.8�:(�';(9F-(2A�'.8�@97A:'<<=.0�=9(.�(\=80A%�6%�1'c'98%�S':09%)�IJ$M)�OL#)�N$DNM%$J%�4:0?'.=2Z)�S%+� +�WZ)�P%4%+�W<0Ac@c2Z)�[%5�U�?=0<8�A:287�(?�_=('E'=<'_<0�F(<7@7@<=@�'9(;':=@�-789(@'9_(.A�][U1A�=.�A0B'/0A<28/0�'.8�_=(@-'9�';0.808�A(=<A%�6%�1'c'98%�S':09%)�IJ$M)�O#N)�IKDO#%$$%�G0=72'.)�6%+� +�X'<=\)�S%+�G'0Z)�R%+�WZ)�P%4%+�,-'./)�T%+�G(<'.)�h%4%+�a=.Z<0_0)�6%+�*=)�g%V%�&(;_=.08�'FF<=@':=(.�(?�bVV4'.8�bVHU�?(9�90;(E'<�(?�F(:0.:='<<7�:(\=@�0<0;0.:A�2.809�;2<:=F<0�A(=<�B'A-=./�A@-0;0A%�&-0;(AF-090)�IJ$M)�IJL)�$KMD$MK%$I%�4';'88'9)�[%+�4(.)�P%4%+� +�R=;)�R%1%5+�R2;'9)�4%5�[9(/90AA�=.�/9'F-0.0D_'A08�@(;F(A=:0A�'A�A2F09=(9�;08='�?(9�A0.A=./)A(9F:=(.)�'.8�A0F'9':=(.�(?�/'A0(2A�F(<<2:'.:A%�&((98=.%�&-0;%�a0E%)�IJ$M)�OM)�NOD$$#%$O%�X=Z9'.:)�R%+� +�a'c')�h%+�3=9=)�G%4%+�R2ZZ'9)�V%5+�R=;)�R%1%5�[(:0.:='<�2:=<=:7�(?�;0:'<D(9/'.=@�?9';0B(9ZD_'A08�F<':?(9;�?(9A0.A=./�F0A:=@=80A%�U&4�UFF<%�S':09%�Q.:09%)�IJ$M)�$J)�MKNKDMM$K%$#%�b<Dh'//'9)�U%+�UB'8)�P%S%+�H'./)�g%P%+�*=2)�&%+�h='c=)�h%R%+�6=0.)�4%1%+� +�4(./)�1%+�WZ)�P%4%5+�*00)�4%4%5�G=(@-'9�=.?<20.@0AA(=<�@'9_(.�F((<A�'.8�?'@=<=:':0A�=.:09'@:=(.A�B=:-�A(=<C�U�?=0<8�=.E0A:=/':=(.%�*'.8�V0/9'8%�V0E%)�IJ$M)�IN)�I$IDI$K$%$L%�b<Dh'//'9)�U%+�*00)�4%4%+�UB'8)�P%S%+�P'./)�g%+�a72)�&%+�a=cB'.)�S%+�a=.Z<0_0)�6%+� +�WZ)�P%4%5�Q.?<20.@0�(?�A(=<�F9(F09:=0A'.8�?008A:(@ZA�(.�_=(@-'9�F(:0.:='<�?(9�@'9_(.�;=.09'<=c':=(.�'.8�=;F9(E0;0.:�(?�=.?09:=<0�A(=<A%�30(809;')�IJ$M)�OOI)�$JJD$JM%$%�P'./)�g%+�Q/'<'E=:-'.')�U%V%+�W-)�4%b%+�h';)�1%+�,-'./)�S%+�T'./)�&%1%+�RB(.)�b%b%+� +�WZ)�P%4%5�&-'9'@:09=c':=(.�(?_=(0.09/7�_=(@-'9�'.8�=:A�2:=<=c':=(.�?(9�;0:'<i;0:'<<(=8�=;;(_=<=c':=(.�=.�@(.:';=.':08�A(=<%�4@=%�H(:'<�b.E=9(.%)�IJ$M)�#JD#$)�KJ#DK$O%$K%�R=;)�1%G%+�R=;)�4%1%+�60(.)�b%R%+�R=;)�V%1%+� +�U<0AA=)�V%4%+�RB(.)�b%b%+�G'0Z)�R%5�b??0@:�(?�8=AA(<E08�(9/'.=@�@'9_(.�?9(;A<28/0)�9=@0�A:9'B�'.8�AF0.:�@(??00�/9(2.8�_=(@-'9�(.�:-0�;(_=<=:7�(?�'9A0.=@�=.�A(=<%�4@=%�H(:'<�b.E=9(.%)�IJ$M)�O)�$I#$D$I#M%$M%�*02./)�P%Y%5+�*=2)�T%+�*=)�6%4%+�T'./)�*%+� +�*()�&%P%+�*02./)�S%H%+�[((.)�&%4%�H-900D8=;0.A=(.'<�AF':='<�E'9='_=<=:7�(?'9A0.=@D@(.:'=.=./�A(=<�?9(;�/0(/0.=@�A(29@0�=.�1(./�R(./C�Q;F<=@':=(.A�(.�A';F<=./�A:9':0/=0A%�4@=%�H(:'<�b.E=9(.%)�IJ$M)�OO)�MODM#K%$N%�*=)�6%4%+�T'./)�*%+�&2=)�6%*%+�[((.)�&%4%5+�G0=72'.)�6%+� +�*=)�g%V%�b??0@:A�(?�<(BD'<Z'<=.=:7�_=.809A�(.�A:'_=<=c':=(.iA(<=8=?=@':=(.(?�/0(/0.=@�UAD@(.:'=.=./�A(=<AC�4F0@:9(A@(F=@�=.E0A:=/':=(.�'.8�<0'@-=./�:0A:A%�4@=%�H(:'<�b.E=9(.%)�IJ$M)�O$DOI)�$#MD$#N#%IJ%�T'./)�*%+�&-0.)�*%+� +�*=)�6%4%+�P02./)�H%*%P%+�V=./)�4%+�[((.)�&%4%�3900.�90;08=':=(.�(?�@(.:';=.':08�A08=;0.:�_7A:'_=<=c':=(.iA(<=8=?=@':=(.�B=:-�=.82A:9='<�_7DF9(82@:A�'.8�&WI�2:=<=c':=(.%�4@=%�H(:'<�b.E=9(.%)�IJ$M)�O$DOI)�$OI$D$OIK%I$%�a=cB'.)�S%+�U<=)�4%+�a0-;'.)�S%,%+�a=.Z<0_0)�6%+� +�G'A-=9)�U%+�S'>_((<)�U%+�H'@Z)�Y%S%3%+�WZ)�P%4%5�&'8;=2;F-7:(90;08=':=(.�F(:0.:='<�(?�G9'AA=@'�@9(F�AF0@=0AC�U�90E=0B%�4@=%�H(:'<�b.E=9(.%)�IJ$M)�O$DOI)�$$KLD$$N$%II%�Q/'<'E=:-'.')�U%V%+�P'./)�g%+�,-9')�1%a%+�H'@Z)�Y%S%3%+� +�RB(.)�b%b%+�WZ)�P%4%5�S0:'<]<(=8�=;;(_=<=c':=(.�=.�A(=<A�B=:-_=(@-'9A�F79(<7c08�=.�hI�'.8�&WI�0.E=9(.;0.:A%�4@=%�H(:'<�b.E=9(.%)�IJ$M)�OJ)�$$JOD$$$#%IO%�V=./)�4%5+�42.)�f%+�&-0.)�g%+�*=2)�f%+�T'./)�V%+�*=2)�6%+�,-'./)�&%+� 47.09/=A:=@�'8A(9F:=(.�(?�F-(AF-(92A�_7�=9(.�=.<'.:-'.2;�;(8=?=08�_0.:(.=:0�][-(A<(@ZjC�h0B�=.A=/-:�=.:(�A08=;0.:�F-(AF-(92A�=;;(_=<=c':=(.%�T':09�a0A%)�IJ$M)�$O#)�OID#O%I#%�V=./)�4%5+�&-0.)�S%+�&2=)�6%+�T'./)�V%+�*=2)�6%+�,-'./)�&%+� a0'@:=E':=(.�(?�F-(AF-(92A�=.�A08=;0.:A�'?:09�@'<@=2;D9=@-;=.09'<�@'FF=./C�Q;F<=@':=(.A�?(9�90E=A=./�:-0�<'_(9':(97�:0A:=./�A@-0;0�?(9�=;;(_=<=c':=(.�0??=@=0.@7%�&-0;%�b./%�6%)�IJ$M)�OO$)�KIJDKIM%IL%�&2=)�6%*%+�,-'()�P%[%+�*=)�6%4%+�G0=72'.)�6%+� +�[((.)�&%4%+�&-'.)�H%4%+�T'./)�T%g%+�*=)�g%V%5�4F0@=':=(.)�;(_=<=c':=(.)�'.8_=('@@0AA=_=<=:7�(?�'9A0.=@�=.�/0(/0.=@�A(=<�?9(;�1(./�R(./%�b.E=9(.%�[(<<2:%�IJ$M)�IOI)�OKLDOM#%I%�&-0.)�4%&%+�*=.)�T%1%+�&-=0.)�&%&%+� +�R'()�&%S%5�V0E0<(F;0.:�(?�'�:B(DA:'/0�_=(:9'.A?(9;':=(.�A7A:0;�?(9�;09@297D@(.:';=.':08�A(=<�90;08=':=(.%�&-0;(AF-090)�IJ$M)�IJJ)�I DIKO%IK%�f=.)�[%+�T'./)�1%5+�P'./)�g%+�10)�*%+�S2<<09)�R%+�4-'-00.)�4%S%+�g2)�4%+�a=.Z<0_0)�6%+� +�WZ)�P%4%+�G(<'.)�h%4%+�4(./)�,%+�&-0)*%+�g2)�g%�G';_((D�'.8�F=/D809=E08�_=(@-'9A�9082@0�<0'@-=./�<(AA0A�(?�8=_2:7<�F-:-'<':0)�@'8;=2;)�'.8�<0'8�?9(;�@(D@(.:';=.':08�A(=<A%&-0;(AF-090)�IJ$M)�$NM)�#LJD#LN%

Page 5: The Hong Kong Polytechnic University · 2018-09-27 · ' ( ) * + , - . - / - 0 1 2 3 4 * ( 5 6 2 0 + 6 ) 7 / 8 * 7 9 6 7 : 4 1 ) ; - / / 6 ) 7 0 5 . - 2 ) : 7 6 + 6 ) 7 4 1 ) ; -

��������� ��� �����������������

��������������� �!�� �������� �� ���� "�#

$%&�'()�*&'&+�,()�-&.&+� +�/012)�3&/&+�3451)�3&6&+�780)�3&9&:�;0(<=5�>?51@>A>=8@>01�81?�5=0B02>=8B�>CD8=@�5E8B(8@>01�0A�FG.H�>1(<I81�<>E5<�H5?>C51@HJ�G�=8H5�H@(?K�>1�'8>L81&�345C0HD45<5)�$MN%)�NOP)�QQQRQSP&$O&�6812)�*&;&+�/8>)�-&T&:+�6812)�U&+� +�F001)�3&;&�V1AB(51=5�0A�B58?�01�H@8I>B>W8@>01XH0B>?>A>=8@>01�(H>12�0<?>18<K�F0<@B81?=5C51@�81?�C8215H>(C�D40HD48@5�=5C51@&�345C0HD45<5)�$MN%)�NOM)�OMROQ&YM&�Z>[<81@)�7&+�78>B8H8)�;&7&+� &+�U55)�;&;&+�7(C8<)�\&+�T><>)�]&;&+�;>124)�\&;&+�7>C)�7&.&:�]>0A>B@<8@>01�0A�4K?<0251�H(BA>?5J�'<51?H81?�=48BB5125H&�-&�3B581&�F<0?&)�$MN%)�N%S)�NYNRNPS&YN&�480)�]&+�,_30110<)�/&+�4812)�-&+�F512)�'&+�;451)�&+� +�.0()�/&:�AA5=@�0A�DK<0BKH>H�@5CD5<8@(<5)�458@>12�<8@5)�81?<5H>?51=5�@>C5�01�<8D5H55?�H@5C�?5<>E5?�I>0=48<&�-&�3B581&�F<0?&)�$MN%)�NSP)�OSSRO%S&Y$&�.5)�U&+�a81)�;&+�9(BB5<)�7&+�6812)�.&:+�345)�U&+�b()�;&:+�;012)�&+�*(81)�T&+�\>1[B5I5)�-&+� +�,[)�*&;&+�]0B81)�c&;&30CD8<8@>E5�818BKH>H�I>0=48<�81?�=0CD0H@R>1?(=5?�?52<8?8@>01�0A�?>Rd$R5@4KB45eKBf�D4@48B8@5�>1�H0>BH&�;=>&�'0@8B�1E><01&)�$MN%)�Q$g)�O%SROOY&YY&�/>12)�;&:+�3451)�9&+�T012)�9&+�a81)�b&+�h>1)�]&+�b()�.&+�T80)�;&+�->1)�&+� +�4812)�3&�V1@5<18B�D40HD40<(H�B08?>12�A<0CH5?>C51@H�=8(H5H�H58H018B�1>@<0251�B>C>@8@>01�A0<�48<CA(B�8B28B�IB00CH&�;=>&�'0@8B�1E><01&)�$MN%)�Q$g)�%S$R%%P&YP&�a512)�9&+�4812)�6&:+�6()�b&+�->8)�*&+�->812)�3&+�65>)�.&+�h>()�\&+� �301@>1(0(H�B58=4>12�C0?>A>5H�@45�H(<A8=5�D<0D5<@>5H�81?C5@8BdB0>?f�H0<D@>01�I548E>0(<�0A�HB(?25�?5<>E5?�I>0=48<&�;=>&�'0@8B�1E><01&)�$MN%)�Q$g)�SYNRSYS&Yg&�GL8?)�*&9&+�,[)�*&;&:+�GI<>28@8)�-&+�]5>K(81)�-&+�]5=[5<H)�a&+� +�\>1[B5I5)�-&:�F>15�H8L?(H@�I>0C8HH�81?�I>0=48<H�8@?>AA5<51@�DK<0BKH>H�@5CD5<8@(<5H�=48125�H0>B�<5?0e�D<0=5HH5H&�;=>&�'0@8B�1E><01&)�$MN%)�Q$g)�NPSRNgP&YQ&�4()�b&+�]5>K(81)�-&+�U8()�G&*&'&+�3451)�;&;&+� +�T<848C)�c&-&/&+�U>1)�/&+�;(1)�-&'&+�F81)�*&+�*812)�b&:+�U>)�b&/&�;0<D@>01)C0I>B>@K)�81?�I>08E8>B8I>B>@K�0A�F]/ H�>1�@45�82<>=(B@(<8B�H0>BHJ�\0B5H�0A�=0R5e>H@>12�C5@8BH)�?>HH0BE5?�0<281>=�C8@@5<)�81?�A5<@>B>W5<H&�;=>&'0@8B�1E><01&)�$MN%)�QNORQ$M)�NNgYRNNQ$&YS&�,_30110<)�/&+�F512)�'&+�4812)�-&+� +�GB5HH>)�/&;&+�;451)�&+�]0B81)�c&;&+�.0()�/&:�]>0=48<�8DDB>=8@>01�A0<�@45�<5C5?>8@>01�0A458EK�C5@8B�D0BB(@5?�B81?J�G�<5E>5L�0A�>1�H>@(�A>5B?�@<>8BH&�;=>&�'0@8B�1E><01&)�$MN%)�QNORQ$M)�%NgR%$Q&Y%&�U55)�3&.&+�6812)�3&3&+�U>1)�.&.&+�U55)�;&;&+� +�->51)�;&.&:+�,[)�*&;&:�V1RH>@(�I>0=48<�8DDB>=8@>01�=01H5<E5H�1(@<>51@H�L4>B5H>C(B@8150(HBK�C>@>28@>12�<(10AA�81?�5<0H>01�0A�81�a5R0e>?5R51<>=45?�@<0D>=8B�H0>B&�;=>&�'0@8B�1E><01&)�$MN%)�QNORQ$M)�QQgRQSN&YO&�3451)�9&+�3(>)�-&+�U>()�-&+�/>12)�;&:+�T012)�9&+�\51)�9&+� ;(==5HHA(B�=01@<0B�0A�>1@5<18B�D40HD40<(H�B08?>12�8A@5<�H5?>C51@?<5?2>12�A0<�Q�K58<HJ�G�A>5B?�8HH5HHC51@�(H>12�4>24R<5H0B(@>01�H8CDB>12�@5=41>i(5H&�;=>&�'0@8B�1E><01&)�$MN%)�QNQRQNS)�O$SROYQ&PM&�*00)�-&3&+�]5>K(81)�-&+�6812)�U&+� +�]85[)�7&:+�]0B81)�c&;&+�,[)�*&;&+�U>)�b&/&�G�=0CI>18@>01�0A�A5<<>=�1>@<8@5X//;R51481=5?L8H4>12�81?�HB(?25R?5<>E5?�I>0=48<�H@8I>B>W8@>01�0A�C5@8BR=01@8C>18@5?�H0>BH&�;=>&�'0@8B�1E><01&)�$MN%)�QNQRQNS)�gS$Rg%$&PN&�;(1)�-&'&+�F81)�U&+� +�481)�*&+�4()�U&&:+�U>)�b&/&:�,<281>=�=01@8C>18@>01�>1�@45�82<>=(B@(<8B�H0>BH�0A�34>18J�G�=<>@>=8B�<5E>5L&;=>&�'0@8B�1E><01&)�$MN%)�QNg)�S$PRSPM&P$&�]5>K(81)�-&+�U8()�G&*&'&+� +�4812)�6&+�780)�3&9&+�]85[)�7&+�,[)�*&;&+�U>)�b&/&�345B81@R51481=5?�L8H4>12�0A�33GR=01@8C>18@5?�H0>BJ�30(DB5?�L>@4�H5B5=@>E5�?>HH0B(@>01�0<�H0>B�H@8I>B>W8@>01&�;=>&�'0@8B�1E><01&)�$MN%)�QN$)�NPQYRNPS$&PY&�'48128<8j81)�\&+�]0B81)�c&;&:+�6>j5H5[8<8)�.&+�7(14>[<>H4181)�G&+�b()�*&+� +�;012)�.&+�,[)�*&;&+�.0()�/&�'45�D0@51@>8B�E8B(50A�I>0=48<�>1�@45�C>@>28@>01�0A�28H50(H�5C>HH>01�0A�1>@<0251&�;=>&�'0@8B�1E><01&)�$MN%)�QN$)�$gSR$Q%&PP&�GL8?)�*&9&+�6812)�-&+�V28B8E>@4818)�G&/&+� +�7>C)�7&.&+�U55)�;&;&:+�,[)�*&;&:�]>0=48<�5AA5=@H�01�<>=5�D8??KJ�95@8R818BKH>H&G?E&�G2<01&)�$MN%)�NP%)�NRY$&Pg&�;(1)�-&'&+�F81)�U&+� +�U>)�&+�4()�U&&:+�U>)�b&/&:�F4@48B8@5�5H@5<H�81?�0<2810=4B0<>15�D5H@>=>?5H�>1�82<>=(B@(<8B�H0>B�81?E525@8IB5�A<0C�A8H@R2<0L>12�5=010C>5HJ�G�=8H5�H@(?K�A<0C�58H@5<1�34>18&�1E><01&�;=>&�F0BB(@&�\5H&)�$MN%)�$g)�YPRP$&PQ&�U>()�-&+�;(1)�h&+�/>12)�;&:+�6812)�/&+�6812)�*&+� a><H@�0IH5<E8@>01�0A�B8I>B5�8<H51>=�H@<8@>A>=8@>01�>1�8B(C>1(C�H(BA8@5R8C51?5?�H5?>C51@H�(H>12�4>24�<5H0B(@>01�<R0e>?5�/T'&�;=>&�'0@8B�1E><01&)�$MNS)�QMO)�YMPRYNM&PS&�]5>K(81)�-&+�U>)�-&;&+� +�6812)�U&+�F001)�3&;&+�U>)�b&/&+�a51?0<A)�;&�a8@5�0A�8<H51>=�I5A0<5�81?�8A@5<�=45C>=8BR51481=5?L8H4>12�0A�81�8<H51>=R=01@8>1>12�H0>B�>1�.012�7012&�;=>&�'0@8B&�1E><01&)�$MNS)�gOORQMM)�QSORQ%%&P%&�3451)�;&;&+�;(1)�*&+� +�T<848C)�c&-&/&+�,[)�*&;&+�a512)�*&:+�U>)�b&/&�F0@51@>8B�>CD8=@�0A�AB0LI8=[�L8@5<�A<0C�4K?<8(B>=A<8=@(<>12�01�82<>=(B@(<8B�H0>B�i(8B>@KJ�95@8BXC5@8BB0>?�I>08==5HH>I>B>@K)�9>=<0@0e�I>08HH8K)�81?�51WKC5�8=@>E>@>5H&�;=>&�'0@8B&�1E><01&)�$MNS)gSO)�NPNORNP$Q&PO&�3451)�6&+�;(1)�-&'&+�U>()�6&b&+�4()�U&&+�U>)�b&/&+� +�'80)�;&+�6812�b&U&:�301@8C>18@>01�=48<8=@5<>H@>=H�81?�H0(<=58DD0<@>01C51@�0A�C5@4KB8@5?�FG.H�>1�82<>=(B@(<8B�H0>BH�A<0C�*812@W5�\>E5<�/5B@8)�34>18&�1E><01&�F0BB(@&)�$MNS)�$YM)�O$SROYg&gM&�;(1)�-&'&+�512)�h&+� &+�4()�U&&:+�U>)�b&/&:�G1@>I>0@>=H�>1�@45�82<>=(B@(<8B�H0>BH�A<0C�@45�*812@W5�\>E5<�/5B@8)�34>18&345C0HD45<5)�$MNS)�N%O)�YMNRYM%&gN&�U>()�-&+�;(1)�h&+�/>12)�;&:+�6812)�/&+�6812)�*&+�3451)�9&+�;4>)�U&+�a81)�b&+� 90I>B5�D40HD40<(H�H@<8@>A>=8@>01�>1�H5?>C51@HA<0C�IK�8B(C>1(C�>18=@>E8@>01&�345C0HD45<5)�$MNS)�N%Q)�QPPRQgN&g$&�*00)�-&3&+�F8<[)�;&9&+�*001)�T&;&+� +�]85[)�7&:�AA5=@H�0A�B58?�C>15<8B02K�01�H0>B�L8H4>12�51481=5?�IK�A5<<>=�H8B@H�8H5e@<8=@>12�81?�0e>?>W>12�8251@H&�345C0HD45<5)�$MNS)�N%g)�gMNRgM%&gY&�'8=[)�a&9&T&:+�\>1[B5I5)�-&+�,[)�*&;&+� ?>@0<>8BJ�V1@5<18@>018B�301A5<51=5�01�.58EK�95@8BH�>1�@45�1E><01C51@�dV3.9 'f&345C0HD45<5)�$MNS)�N%g)�OPROg&gP&�;5H48?<>)�]&+�]0B81)�c&;&:+�340DD8B8)�T&+�7(14>[<>H4181)�G&+�;81?5<H01)�F&+�6812)�.&+�3(<<>5)�U&/&+� +�,[)�*&;&+�7>C)�T&F0@51@>8B�E8B(5�0A�D40HD48@5�=0CD0(1?H�>1�51481=>12�>CC0I>B>W8@>01�81?�<5?(=>12�I>08E8>B8I>B>@K�0A�C>e5?�458EK�C5@8B�=01@8C>181@H�>1H400@>12�<8125�H0>B&�345C0HD45<5)�$MNS)�N%P)�NOSR$MQ&gg&�6812)�.&+�a512)�9&+�40()�a&+�.(812)�b&+� +�4812)�6&:�AA5=@H�0A�8@C0HD45<>=�825>12�(1?5<�?>AA5<51@�@5CD5<8@(<5H�01H(<A8=5�D<0D5<@>5H�0A�HB(?25R?5<>E5?�I>0=48<�81?�C5@8BXC5@8BB0>?�H@8I>B>W8@>01&�345C0HD45<5)�$MNS)�N%P)�NSQRN%P&gQ&�\>WL81)�9&:+�GB>)�;&+�G?<55H)�9&+�VI<84>C)�9&+� &+�>8R(<R\54C81)�9&+�84><)�&G&+�\>1[B5I5)�-&+�'8=[)�a&9&T&+�,[)�*&;&:�G=<>@>=8B�<5E>5L�01�5AA5=@H)�@0B5<81=5�C5=481>HCH�81?�C81825C51@�0A�=8?C>(C�>1�E525@8IB5H&�345C0HD45<5)�$MNS)�N%$)�OMRNMg&gS&�U>)�-&;&+�]5>K(81)�-&+� +�6812)�U&+�F001)�3&;&:+�U>)�b&/&+�a51?0<A)�;&�G<H51>=R=01@8>1>12�H0>B�A<0C�250251>=�H0(<=5�>1�.0127012J�U58=4>12�=48<8=@5<>H@>=H�81?�H@8I>B>W8@>01XH0B>?>A>=8@>01&�345C0HD45<5)�$MNS)�N%$)�YNRYO&g%&�38>)�3&*&+�U>)�-&*&+�6()�/&+�6812�b&U&+� +�U>)�b&/&+�;(1)�-&'&+�4()�U&&+�;451)�.&&+�'80)�;&+�U>()�6&b&:�;D8@>8B�?>H@<>I(@>01)5C>HH>01�H0(<=5�81?�458B@4�<>H[�0A�D8<51@�FG.H�81?�?5<>E8@>E5H�>1�H(<A8=5�H0>BH�A<0C�@45�*812@W5�\>E5<�/5B@8)�58H@5<1�34>18&345C0HD45<5)�$MNS)�NS%)�YMNRYM%&gO&�]5>K(81)�-&+�GL8?)�*&9&+�]5=[5<H)�a&+� +�,[)�*&;&:+�\>1[B5I5)�-&:�90I>B>@K�81?�D4K@08E8>B8I>B>@K�0A�GH�81?�FI�>1�8=01@8C>18@5?�H0>B�(H>12�D>15�H8L?(H@�I>0=48<�(1?5<�HKH@5C8@>=�=48125�0A�<5?0e�=01?>@>01H&�345C0HD45<5)�$MNS)�NS%)�NNMRNN%&QM&�V28B8E>@4818)�G&/&+�U55)�;&&+�U55)�*&.&+� +�\>1[B5I5)�-&+�7L01)�&&+�,[)�*&;&:�.58EK�C5@8B�>CC0I>B>W8@>01�81?�C>=<0I>8B=0CC(1>@K�8I(1?81=5�IK�E525@8IB5�L8H@5�81?�D>15�=015�I>0=48<�0A�82<>=(B@(<8B�H0>BH&�345C0HD45<5)�$MNS)�NSP)�gOYRQMY&QN&�3451)�;&;&+�'8KB0<)�-&;&+�]85[)�7&+�7481)�&+� +�,[)�*&;&�;(H@8>18I>B>@K�B>[5B>400?�0A�<5C5?>8@>01�0D@>01H�A0<�C5@8BR=01@8C>18@5?�H0>BXH5?>C51@&�345C0HD45<5)�$MNS)�NSP)�P$NRP$S&Q$&�]5>K(81)�-&+� +�Z8B>e)�9&+�4812)�6&+�*812)�b&+�,[)�*&;&+�U>)�b&/&�;5B5=@>E5�?>HH0B(@>01�A0BB0L5?�IK�//;�L8H4>12�0A�81�5RL8H@5�=01@8C>18@5?�H0>BJ�e@<8=@>01�5AA>=>51=K)�A8@5�0A�<5H>?(8B�C5@8BH)�81?�>CD8=@�01�H0>B�i(8B>@K&�345C0HD45<5)�$MNS)�NQQ)�P%ORPOQ&QY&�U>)�-&;&+�6812)�U&+� +�]5>K(81)�-&+�F001)�3&;&:�/K18C>=�B58=4>12�I548E>0<�0A�250251>=�GH�>1�H0>BH�8A@5<�=5C51@RI8H5?H@8I>B>W8@>01XH0B>?>A>=8@>01&�1E><01&�;=>&�F0BB(@&�\5H&)�$MNS)�$P)�$S%$$R$S%Y$&QP&�G4C8?)�9&+�U55)�;&;&+�GBR68I5B)�9&+� +�,[)�*&;&:�]>0=48<R>1?(=5?�=48125H�>1�H0>B�D<0D5<@>5H�8AA5=@5?>CC0I>B>W8@>01XC0I>B>W8@>01�0A�C5@8BHXC5@8BB0>?H�>1�=01@8C>18@5?�H0>BH&�-&�;0>BH�;5?>C51@H)�$MNS)�NS)�SNSRSYM&Qg&�6812)�.&+�U>()�'&:+� +�a512)�;&�'<81HA0<C8@>01�0A�458EK�C5@8B�A<8=@>01�?>H@<>I(@>01�>1�=01@8C>18@5?�<>E5<�H5?>C51@�@<58@5?�IK=45C>=8BR51481=5?�L8H4>12&�-&�;0>BH�;5?>C51@H)�$MNS)�NS)�N$M%RN$N%&QQ&�;(1)�-&'&+�F81)�U&+�481)�*&+� +�4()�U&&:+�U>)�b&/&:�G@<8W>15�=01@8C>18@>01�>1�82<>=(B@(<8B�H0>BH�A<0C�@45�*812@W5�\>E5<�/5B@80A�34>18�81?�8HH0=>8@5?�458B@4�<>H[H&�1E><01&�T50=45C&�.58B@4)�$MNS)�YO)�YQORYS%&QS&�U>C)�-&&+�;(12)�-&7&+�;8<[8<)�]&+�6812)�.&+�.8H4>C0@0)�*&+� +�,[)�*&;&:�VCD8=@�0A�18@(<8B�81?�=8B=>15?�H@8<A>H4�dGH@5<>18D5=@>1>A5<8f�01�@45�H@8I>B>W8@>01�0A�FI)�1�81?�GH�>1�=01@8C>18@5?�82<>=(B@(<8B�H0>BH&�1E><01&�T50=45C&�.58B@4)�$MNS)�YO)�PYNRPPN&Q%&�;(1)�-&'&+�F81)�U&+�481)�*&+�U()�.&+� &+�U>()�6&b&+�6812)�b&U&+�U>)�b&/&:+�4()�U&&:�30CI>15?�D0BB(@>01�0A�51E><01C51@8B51?0=<>15�?>H<(D@0<�=0CD0(1?H�>1�82<>=(B@(<8B�H0>BH�A<0C�@45�*812@W5�\>E5<�/5B@8�0A�34>18&�;=>&�'0@8B&�1E><01&)�$MNQ)�gPP)�QSMRQSQ&QO&�\>WL81)�9&:+�GB>)�;&+�\>WE>)�.&+�\>1[B5I5)�-&+� +�955<H)�&+�,[)�*&;&+�VH48i(5)�6&�F4K@0C81825C51@�0A�458EK�C5@8BH�>1=01@8C>18@5?�H0>BH�(H>12�H(1AB0L5<�k�G�<5E>5L&�3<>@&�\5E&�1E><01&�;=>&�'5=410B&)�$MNQ)�PQ)�NPO%RNg$%&SM&�;(1)�-&'&+�F81)�U&+� +�481)�*&+�U>()�6&b&+�6812)�b&U&+�4()�U&&:+�U>)�b&/&:�F0BK=4B0<>18@5?�I>D451KBH�>1�82<>=(B@(<8B�H0>BH�A<0C@45�*812@W5�\>E5<�/5B@8�0A�34>18J�\52>018B�=01@8C>18@>01�=48<8=@5<>H@>=H)�=0CI>15?�5=0B02>=8B�5AA5=@H�81?�4(C81�458B@4�<>H[H&345C0HD45<5)�$MNQ)�NQY)�P$$RP$%&SN&�]5>K(81)�-&+� +�,[)�*&;&:+�4812)�6&+�*812)�b&+�]85[)�7&+�U>)�b&/&�V1@52<8@>12�//;R51481=5?�L8H4>12�L>@4�B0LR=0H@H@8I>B>W8@>01�0A�C5@8BR=01@8C>18@5?�H0>B�A<0C�81�5RL8H@5�<5=K=B>12�H>@5&�345C0HD45<5)�$MNQ)�NgO)�P$QRPY$&S$&�a812)�;&+�'H812)�/&3&6&+�40()�a&+�4812)�6&:+�h>()�\&�;@8I>B>W8@>01�0A�=8@>01>=�81?�81>01>=�C5@8B�HD5=>5H�>1�=01@8C>18@5?�H0>BH�(H>12HB(?25R?5<>E5?�I>0=48<&�345C0HD45<5)�$MNQ)�NPO)�YQYR$SN&SY&�\8j8D8[H48)�G&l&+�3451)�;&;&+� +�4812)�9&+�Z>@481825)�9&+�981?8B)�;&+�T80)�]&+�]0B81)�c&;&+�,[)�*&;&:12>155<5?X?5H>215<�I>0=48<�A0<�=01@8C>181@�<5C0E8B�A<0C�H0>B�81?�L8@5<J�F0@51@>8B�81?�>CDB>=8@>01�0A�I>0=48<�C0?>A>=8@>01&�345C0HD45<5)$MNQ)�NP%)�$SQR$ON&SP&�4812)�6&+�4512)�-&+�4512)�F&+� +�h>()�\&�'45�<0B5H�0A�4(C>=�H(IH@81=5H�>1�@45�>1@5<8=@>01H�0A�D45181@4<515�81?�458EKC5@8BH�01�@45�I51@01>@5�H(<A8=5&�-&�;0>BH�;5?>C51@H)�$MNg)�Ng)�NPQYRNPS$&Sg&�98=/018B?)�9&-&+�6()�&+�\(W>=[8)�-&*&+�T0B0E[0)�Z&+� +�*>D)�G&3&7&:�38@8BK@>=�=01H5i(51=5H�0A�=48<25RI8B81=>12�=8@>01H�>1W50B>@5�?(<>12�D40@0Ra51@01�0e>?8@>01�0A�A0<C8B?54K?5�>1�8B[8B>15�=01?>@>01H&�;5D&�F(<>A&�'5=410B&)�$MNP)�N$g)�$QOR$SP&SQ&� +�*>D)�G&3&7&�30CD8<>12�=45C>=8BR51481=5?�L8H4>12�81?�L8H@5RI8H5?�H@8I>B>H8@>01�8DD<08=4�A0<�H0>B�<5C5?>8@>01&�-&�;0>BH;5?>C51@H)�$MNP)�NP)�OYQROPS&SS&� +�*>D)�G&3&7&+�,B?H)�6&&+�65I5<)�F&G&�G<H51>=�81?�=0DD5<�H@8I>B>H8@>01�>1�8�=01@8C>18@5?�H0>B�IK�=08B�ABK�8H4�81?�2<551L8H@5�=0CD0H@&�1E><01&�;=>&�F0BB(@&�\5H&)�$MNP)�$N)�NMNOPRNM$MP&S%&� +�.8<@B5K)�c&\&�95@8B�?>H@<>I(@>01�81?�HD5=@<0H=0D>=�818BKH>H�8A@5<�H0>B�L8H4>12�L>@4�=45B8@>12�8251@H�81?�4(C>=H(IH@81=5H&�1E><01&�;=>&�F0BB(@&�\5H&)�$MNP)�$N)�YO%SRYOOg&SO&�/5?(8B)�T&+�98=/018B?)�9&-&+�GBH48<55A)�G&+�6()�&+� +�*>D)�G&3&7&:�\5i(><5C51@H�A0<�5AA5=@>E5�D40@0=8@8BK@>=�0e>?8@>E5?5H(BA(<>W8@>01�0A�8�@4>0D4515R=01@8>1>12�H0B(@>01�(H>12�'>,$&�-&�1E><01&�345C&�12&)�$MNP)�$)�NOPSRNOgg&

Page 6: The Hong Kong Polytechnic University · 2018-09-27 · ' ( ) * + , - . - / - 0 1 2 3 4 * ( 5 6 2 0 + 6 ) 7 / 8 * 7 9 6 7 : 4 1 ) ; - / / 6 ) 7 0 5 . - 2 ) : 7 6 + 6 ) 7 4 1 ) ; -

��������� ��� �����������������

��������������� �!�� �������� �� ���� ��"

#$%�&'()*+,-�.%/%0� 0�1*23-�4%5%0�4+6+(-�7%8%�9:;*�<'3=;>?�+>='>@+2�6,�=AB;@�3A63)'>@+3�'>2�6;:2+?('2'6*+�@=+*');>?�'?+>)3%9:;*�9+2%�C:>)'B%-�D$EF-�DG-�HIIJKEG%#E%� 0�1*23-�4%5%0�4+6+(-�7%8%0�L;M-�8%C%N%�9:;*�3)'6;*;3');:>�A3;>?�8OP�3*A2?+-�@:BM:3)�'>2�*;?>;)+Q�RCS7�*+'@='6;*;),�'>2@:>);>A:A3�'@;2�*+'@=;>?%�C=+B:3M=+(+-�D$EG-�IG-�D#GIJD#FT%#D%�U='>?-�4%0� �C:>@+M)A'*�V('B+<:(W�'>2�B')=+B');@'*�B:2+*�V:(�)=+�)('>3M:()�:V�B+)'*J@=+*'>)�@:BM*+X+3�2A(;>?�;>J3;)A�3:;*(+B+2;');:>%�C=+B:3M=+(+-�D$EG-�IE-�ED#EJED##%#G%� 0�1*23-�4%5%0�4+6+(-�7%8%�/+3;2A'*�*+'@='6;*;),�:V�CC8J@:>)'B;>')+2�3:;*�'V)+(�)(+')B+>)�<;)=�6;:2+?('2'6*+�@=+*');>?'?+>)3�'>2�*;?>;)+J2+(;Y+2�=AB;@�3A63)'>@+3%�Z%�9:;*3�9+2;B+>)3-�D$EG-�EG-�#IHJI$H%#F%�U='>?-�4%0� 0�C=+>-�&%0�&A'>?-�S%�/+B+2;');:>�:V�'>�+*+@)(:M*');>?�@:>)'B;>')+2�3:;*�6,�5PR8�V*A3=;>?Q�C=(:B;AB�(+*+'3+'>2�3:;*�2;33:*A);:>%�Z%�9:;*3�9+2;B+>)3-�D$EG-�EG-�GHFJGKG%#H%� 0�L'>-�P%L%9%0�S:-�[%O%C%\0�L;M-�R%C%O%�O+@='>;3B3�:V�5PP9�'23:(M);:>�:>�?:+)=;)+�'>2�=+B');)+�A>2+(�']A+:A3�'>22+=,2(')+2�@:>2;);:>3%�5>Y;(:>%�5>?%�9@;%-�D$EG-�G$-�TGGJTFE%#K%�A-�L%L%0�L+A>?-�8%R%0� 0�_A-�/%%�8MM*;@');:>3�:V�@;)(;@�'@;2�;>2A3)(;'*�<'3)+<')+(�'>2�M=:3M=:>')+3�V:(�3:;*�(+B+2;');:>Q5VV+@)3�:>�)+BM:('*�@='>?+�:V�@'2B;AB�2;3)(;6A);:>%�9:;*�9+2%�C:>)'B%-�D$EG-�DD-�#TKJ##I%#T%�U='>?-�4%0�U=A'>?-�S%0�LA'>-�L%0�R:>?-�S%0� 5>='>@+B+>)�:V�M=+>'>)=(+>+�'23:(M);:>�:>�'�@*',+,�3:;*�'>2�@*',�B;>+('*36,�@:+X;3);>?�*+'2�:(�@'2B;AB%�C=+B:3M=+(+-�D$EE-�#G-�G$DJGE$%##%� 0�L;M-�R%C%O%0�S:-�[%O%C%�9;BA*');:>�:V�W;>+);@�+X)('@);:>�:V�=+'Y,�B+)'*3�2A(;>?�@=+*'>)J+>='>@+2�3:;*�<'3=;>?%�Z%�9:;*39+2;B+>)3-�D$EE-�EE-�EDDEJEDGG%�#I%�S:-�[%O%C%\0� 0�L;M-�R%C%O%0�4'>?-�_%0�U='>?-�4%�[>V*A+>@+3�:V�;>a+@);:>�B:2+3�:>�5PP9JV*A3=;>?�:V�B+)'*J@:>)'B;>')+2�3:;*%Z%�&'b'(2%�O')+(%-�D$EE-�EID-�KKTJKTH%I$%�S:-�[%O%C%\0� 0�L;M-�R%C%O%0�4'>?-�_%0�U='>?-�4%�9;?>;V;@'>@+�:V�B+)'*�+X@='>?+�;>�5PP9JV*A3=;>?�@:*AB>�+XM+(;B+>)3%C=+B:3M=+(+-�D$EE-�#G-�TJEG%IE%�L;M-�R%C%O%0� 0�S:-�[%O%C%\�[>)+('@);:>3�:V�@=+*');>?�'?+>)3�<;)=�76J?:+)=;)+�')�)=+�3:*;2J*;]A;2�;>)+(V'@+Q�76�+X)('@);:>�'>2�(+J'23:(M);:>%�C=+B:3M=+(+-�D$E$-�#E-�FEHJFDE%��ID%�L;M-�R%C%O%0�L'>-�P%L%9%0�LA;-�O%O%R%0� 0�S:-�[%O%C%\�&+'Y,�B+)'*�+X)('@);:>�V(:B�'>�'();V;@;'**,�@:>)'B;>')+2�3'>2,�3:;*�A>2+(5PP9�2+V;@;+>@,Q�9;?>;V;@'>@+�:V�=AB;@�'@;2�'>2�@=+*'>)�B;X)A(+%�C=+B:3M=+(+-�D$E$-�#$-�FEKJFDE%IG%�L'>-�P%L%9%0�LA;-�O%O%R%0�L;M-�R%C%O%0� 0�S:-�[%O%C%\�[>V*A+>@+�:V�5PP9J):JB+)'*�B:*'(�(');:-�3:*A);:>�M&-�'>2�3:;*J):J3:*A);:>(');:�:>�B+)'*�+X)('@);:>�A>2+(�5PP9�2+V;@;+>@,%�Z%�&'b'(2%�O')+(%-�D$E$-�ET#-�#I$J#IF%IF%� 0�L;M-�R%C%O%0�S:-�[%O%C%�N;>+);@�;>)+('@);:>3�:V�5PP9�<;)=�3:;*3Q�D%�O+)'*J5PP9�@:BM*+X+3�;>�A>@:>)'B;>')+2�'>2�B+)'*J@:>)'B;>')+2�3:;*3%�5>Y;(:>%�9@;%�R+@=>:*%-�D$$I-�FG-�#GTJ#FD%IH%�L;M-�R%C%O%0� 0�.?-�N%R%4%0�S:-�[%O%C%�N;>+);@�;>)+('@);:>3�:V�5PP9�<;)=�3:;*3Q�E%�O+)'*�(+3:(M);:>�'>2�@:BM+););:>�A>2+(5PP9�2+V;@;+>@,%�5>Y;(:>%�9@;%�R+@=>:*%-�D$$I-�FG-�#GEJ#GK%IK%�L;M-�R%C%O%0� 0�.?-�N%R%4%0�S:-�[%O%C%\�5BM;(;@'*�B:2+*;>?�:V�=+'Y,�B+)'*�+X)('@);:>�6,�5PP9�V(:B�3;>?*+JB+)'*�'>2�BA*);JB+)'*�@:>)'B;>')+2�3:;*3%�C=+B:3M=+(+-�D$$I-�TF-�G$EJG$T%IT%�U='>?-�4%0� 0�S:-�[%O%C%\�/+B:Y'*�:V�76�6,�5PR8J<'3=;>?�;>�)=+�M(+3+>@+�:V�=,2(:M=:6;@�:(?'>;@�@:>)'B;>'>)3�:(�'>;:>;@3A(V'@)'>)%�Z%�&'b'(2%�O')+(%-�D$$#-�EHH-�FGGJFGI%I#%� �S:-�[%O%C%\0�C='>-�N%S%�O:2+*;>?�)=+�)('>3M:()�:V�B+)'*3�<;)=�(')+J*;B;)+2�5PR8JM(:B:)+2�+X)('@);:>�'>2�2;33:*A);:>�2A(;>?5PR8JV*A3=;>?�:V�@:MM+(J�@:>)'B;>')+2�3:;*3%�5>Y;(:>%�9@;%�R+@=>:*%-�D$$T-�FE-�GKK$JGKKT%II%� 0�U='>?-�4%0�S:-�[%O%C%\�C:MM+(�+X)('@);:>�+VV+@);Y+>+33�'>2�3:;*�2;33:*A);:>�;33A+3�:V�5PR8JV*A3=;>?�:V�'();V;@;'**,@:>)'B;>')+2�3:;*3%�C=+B:3M=+(+-�D$$T-�K#-�DGFJDFG%E$$%�U='>?-�4%0� 0�S:-�[%O%C%\�/+B:Y'*�:V�OP_�'>2�76�V(:B�@:>)'B;>')+2�3:;*3�6,�5PR8J�'>2�9P9J+>='>@+2�<'3=;>?%C=+B:3M=+(+-�D$$T-�KK-�D$DHJD$GF%E%�/A'>-�c%0�S;A-�L%0�4'>?-�%0�_(:3)-�/%S%0�d;'>-�%0� �R('>3V:(B');:>�:V�VA>@);:>'*�?(:AM3�'>2�+>Y;(:>B+>)'**,�M+(3;3)+>)�V(++('2;@'*3�;>�=,2(:)=+(B'*�@'(6:>;b');:>�:V�*;?>;>%�;:(+3:A(@+�R+@=>:*%-�D$E#-�DT$-�DDGJ�DDI%D%�U=:>?-�P%0�U='>?-�L%0�4'>?-�S%\0�C=+>-�Z%0�Z;'>?-�L%0� 0�U=':-�U%0�/+>-�9%0�S;A-�U%0�C(;))+>2+>-�Z%C%�O+@='>;3);@�;>3;?=)3�;>):'23:(M);:>�'>2�(+2A@);:>�:V�=+X'Y'*+>)�@=(:B;AB�V(:B�<')+(�A3;>?�B'?>+);@�6;:@='(�@:BM:3;)+3Q�N+,�(:*+3�:V�_+G1F�'>2�M+(3;3)+>)�V(++('2;@'*3%�5>Y;(:>%�7:**A)%-�D$E#-�;>�M(+33%G%�9='W::(-�O%%0�.;'b;-�.%N%\0�;6;-�[%0�9='=;2-�O%0�9='(;V-�_%0�'3=;(-�9%0�9='=++>-�9%O%0�4'>?-�&%0� 0�1W-�L%9%0�/;>W*+6+-�Z%8(3+>;@�(+B:Y'*�6,�>')A('*�'>2�@=+B;@'**,�B:2;V;+2�<')+(�B+*:>�(;>2�;>�']A+:A3�3:*A);:>3�'>2�?(:A>2<')+(%�9@;%�R:)'*�5>Y;(:>%-�D$E#-KFH-�EFFFJEFHH%F%�O'@P:>'*2-�O%Z%0�C=:-�P%4%0�LA-�[%N%O%0� 0�L;M-�8%C%N%�7=:):J_+>):>�'6')+B+>)�:V�']A+:A3�:(?'>;@3�A3;>?�B+)'*J:(?'>;@V('B+<:(W3Q�8>�'2Y'>@+B+>)�V(:B�6+>@=B'(W�b+:*;)+%�9@;%�R:)'*�5>Y;(:>%-�D$E#-�KFF-�G#IJGIT%H%�L'>?-�_%0�U='>?-�9%0�9A>-�L%0�C=+>?-�N%0�S;-�Z%9%0� _'6(;@');:>�'>2�@='('@)+(;b');:>�:V�=,2(:M=;*;@�@:(>�3)'*W�6;:@='(J3AMM:()+2�>'>:3@'*+�b+(:JY'*+>)�;(:>�@:BM:3;)+3�V:(�+VV;@;+>)�B+)'*�(+B:Y'*%�;:(+3:A(@+�R+@=>:*%-�D$E#-�DKH-�FI$JFIT%K%�SA:-�Z%0�S;-�c%0�+-�C%0�OA**+(-�N%0�LA-�&%\0�&A'>?-�7%0�S;-�Z%0� %0�:*'>-�.%9%0�/;>W*+6+-�Z%0�4'>?-�&%�9:(M);:>�:V�>:(V*:X'@;>-3A*V'B+('b;>+�'>2�:X,)+)('@,@*;>+�6,�N1&JB:2;V;+2�6;:@='(�A>2+(�3;>?*+�'>2�)+(>'(,�3,3)+B3%�;:(+3:A(@+�R+@=>:*%-�D$E#-�DKG-�G#HJGID%T%�L'>?-�_%\0�U='>?-�9%0�S;-�&%0�S;-�9%0�C=+>?-�N%0�S;-�Z%9%0� �C:(>�3)('<J2+(;Y+2�6;:@='(�;BM(+?>')+2�<;)=�eJ_+11&�>'>:(:23V:(�=;?=*,�+VV+@);Y+�@:MM+(�(+B:Y'*%�C=+B%�5>?%�Z%-�D$E#-�GF#-�EIEJD$E%#%�9='=++>-�9%O%0�.;'b;-�.%N%0�&'33'>-�.%5%5%0�;6;-�[%0�4'>?-�&%0� 0�1W-�L%9%0�:*'>-�.%9%0�/;>W*+6+-�Z%\�4::2J6'3+2�6;:@='(V:(�)=+�(+B:Y'*�:V�M:)+>);'**,�):X;@�+*+B+>)3�f7R53g�;>�<')+(�'>2�<'3)+<')+(Q�8�@(;);@'*�(+Y;+<%�[>)%�O')+(%�/+Y%-�D$E#-�KG-�EJGD%I%�S+;-�C%0�9A>-�L%0� 0�S;>-�P%\�5>Y;(:>B+>)'*�)('>3V:(B');:>3�'>2�+@:*:?;@'*�+VV+@)3�:V�;(:>J6'3+2�>'>:M'();@*+3%�5>Y;(:>%7:**A)%-�D$E#-�DGD-�E$JG$%E$%�O:='>),-�9%N%\0�h'*+>@'-�/%0�+(?+(-�8%0�LA-�[%N%O%0�c;:>?-�c%0�9'A>2+(3-�R%0� �7*+>),�:V�(::B�V:(�@'(6:>�:>�)=+�?(:A>2Q7:)+>);'*�'MM*;@');:>3�:V�6;:@='(�V:(�3):(B<')+(�)(+')B+>)%�9@;%�R:)'*�5>Y;(:>%-�KDH-�EKFFJEKH#%EE%�/'a'M'W3='-�8%i%0�8*'B-�O%9%0�C=+>-�.%0�8*+33;-�P%9%0�[?'*'Y;)='>'-�8%P%0� 0�1W-�L%9%\�/+B:Y'*�:V�=+X'Y'*+>)�@=(:B;AB�;>']A+:A3�3:*A);:>3�A3;>?�6;:@='(3Q�C=+B;@'*�'>2�3M+@)(:3@:M;@�;>Y+3);?');:>3%�9@;%�R:)'*�5>Y;(:>%-�D$E#-�KDH-�EHKTJEHTG%ED%�h;W('>)-�N%0�N;B-�N%&%\0�1W-�L%9%\0�R3'>?-�P%C%4%0�R3'>?-�L%_%0�;(;-�%9%0�9;>?=-�/%9%�5>?;>++(+2j2+3;?>+(�6;:@='(�V:(�)=+�(+B:Y'*�:VM=:3M=')+�;>�<')+(�'>2�<'3)+<')+(%�9@;%�R:)'*�5>Y;(:>%-�D$E#-�KEKJKET-�EDFDJEDK$%EG%�9A>-�L%0�S+;-�C%0�N='>-�5%0�C=+>-�9%9%0� 0�1W-�L%9%0�S;>-�P%0�_+>?-�L%0�S;-�c%P%�8?;>?�+VV+@)3�:>�@=+B;@'*�)('>3V:(B');:>�'>2B+)'*f*:;2g�(+B:Y'*�6,�+>)('MM+2�>'>:3@'*+�b+(:JY'*+>)�;(:>�V:(�=,2('A*;@�V('@)A(;>?�<'3)+<')+(�)(+')B+>)%�9@;%�R:)'*�5>Y;(:>%-�D$E#-�KEH-FI#JH$T%EF%�C=:-�P%4%0�Z+:>?-�N%&%0�N;B-�9%0� 0�1W-�L%9%0�9:>?-�&%\�9,>)=+3;3�:V�@:6'*)J;BM(+?>')+2�@'(6:>�@:BM:3;)+�2+(;Y+2�V(:B�'(+>+<'6*+�(+3:A(@+Q�C='('@)+(;b');:>�'>2�@')'*,);@�M+(V:(B'>@+�+Y'*A');:>%�9@;%�R:)'*�5>Y;(:>%-�D$E#-�KED-�E$GJEE$%EH%�L::>-�%9%0�7'(W-�9%0�L'>?-�&%0� %0�8*+33;-�P%9%0�'+W-�N%\�9+*+@);:>�@(;)+(;'�V:(�:X;2');:>�B+)=:2�;>�):)'*�:(?'>;@�@'(6:>B+'3A(+B+>)%�C=+B:3M=+(+-�D$E#-�EII-�FHGJFH#%EK%�S+;-�C%0�9A>-�L%0�N='>-�5%0�C=+>-�9%9%0� 0�('='B-�.%Z%P%0�1W-�L%9%0�L'>?-�c%0�S;>-�P%\0�_+>?-�L%0�S;-�c%P%�/+B:Y'*�:V@=*:(;>')+2�:(?'>;@�3:*Y+>)3�V(:B�=,2('A*;@�V('@)A(;>?�<'3)+<')+(�6,�6'(+�'>2�+>)('MM+2�>'>:3@'*+�b+(:JY'*+>)�;(:>%�C=+B:3M=+(+-�D$E#-EIK-�IJET%ET%�N;B-�N%0�Z+:>-�&%Z%0�C=:;-�9%P%0� 0�1*+3b@bAW-�7%0�1W-�L%9%0�S++-�&%9%0�S++-�9%5%\�C:B6;>+2�):X;@;),�:V�+>2:3A*V'>�'>2M=+>'>)=(+>+�B;X)A(+3�'>2�;>2A@+2�B:*+@A*'(�@='>?+3�;>�'2A*)�U+6('V;3=�fP'>;:�(+(;:g%�C=+B:3M=+(+-�D$E#-�EIF-�G$JFE%E#%�9=+A-�L%R%0� %0�P:>?-�C%P%0�C=+>-�C%4%0�SA:-�9%%0�N':-�C%O%\�5>='>@+2�6;:(+B+2;');:>�:V�RC5J@:>)'B;>')+2�?(:A>2<')+(A3;>?�?'BB'�M:*,J?*A)'B;@�'@;2�'3�)=+�M(;B'(,�3A63)(')+%�Z%�C*+'>%�7(:2%-�D$E#-�ET#-�E$#JEE#%EI%�Z+:>-�5%N%0�/,A-�9%0�7'(W-�9%4%0�4'>?-�S%0� %0�'+W-�N%\�5>='>@+2�'23:(M);:>�:V�'(3+>;@�:>):�'*AB�3*A2?+�B:2;V;+2�6,@'*@;>');:>%�Z%�C*+'>%�7(:2%-�D$E#-�ETK-�HFJKD%D$%�A:-�L%0� 0�U='>?-�c%\0�L'>?-�c%\�CAf[[gJ@')'*,b+2�'BM;@;**;>�2+?('2');:>Q�5VV+@)�:V�M&�'>2�:X,?+>%�5>Y;(:>%�9@;%�7:**A)%�/+3%-D$E#-�DH-�FDTIJTD##%DE%�C=+>-�9%9%0�9A>-�L%0� 0�('='B-�.%Z%P%0�1W-�L%9%0�_+>?-�L%\0�S;-�c%P%�[>3;?=)3�;>):�)=+�3A63A(V'@+�)('>3M:()�:V�83fhg�'>29+fh[g�;>�V*:<6'@W�<')+(�V(:B�=,2('A*;@�V('@)A(;>?%�5>Y;(:>%�7:**A)%-�D$ET-�DDG-�FFIJFHK%DD%�L::>-�N%0�C=:-�P%4%0� 0�:*'>-�.%9%0�/;>W*+6+-�Z%0�9:>?-�&%\�_'6(;@');:>�:V�+>?;>++(+2�6;:@='(�V(:B�M'M+(�B;**�3*A2?+�'>2�;)3'MM*;@');:>�;>):�(+B:Y'*�:V�'(3+>;@�'>2�@'2B;AB�;>�'@;2;@�<')+(%�;:(+3:A(@+�R+@=>:*%-�D$ET-�DFK-�KIJTH%DG%�9A>-�L%0�S+;-�C%0�N='>-�5%0�C=+>-�9%9%0� 0�1W-�L%9%0�S;>-�P%0�_+>?-�L%\0�S;-�c%P%�.'>:3@'*+�b+(:JY'*+>)�;(:>�V:(�B+)'*jB+)'**:;23+]A+3)(');:>�V(:B�=,2('A*;@�V('@)A(;>?�<'3)+<')+(%�C=+B:3M=+(+-�D$ET-�ETK-�GEHJGDG%DF%�S'A-�8%L%R%0� 0�('='B-�.%Z%P%0�1W-�L%9%0�L'>?-�c%0�S;-�c%P%�9A(V'@+JB:2;V;+2�6;:@='(3�;>�'�6;:(+)+>);:>�3,3)+B�V:(53@=+(;@=;'�@:*;�(+B:Y'*�V(:B�3):(B<')+(%�C=+B:3M=+(+-�D$ET-�EKI-�#IJI#%DH%�9A>-�L%0�C=+>-�9%9%0� 0�('='B-�.%Z%P%0�1W-�L%9%0�_+>?-�L%\0�S;-�c%P%�U+(:JY'*+>)�;(:>�V:(�)=+�'6')+B+>)�:V�'(3+>')+�'>23+*+>')+�V(:B�V*:<6'@W�<')+(�:V�=,2('A*;@�V('@)A(;>?%�C=+B:3M=+(+-�D$ET-�EKT-�EKGJET$%DK%�U='>?-�4%0�&A'>?-�c%0�/++3-�_%0� 0�d;A-�/%0�4'>?-�&%\�O+)'*�;BB:6;*;b');:>�6,�3*A2?+J2+(;Y+2�6;:@='(Q�/:*+3�:V�B;>+('*:X;2+3�'>2�@'(6:>;b+2�:(?'>;@�@:BM'()B+>)%�5>Y;(:>%�+:@=+B%�&+'*)=-�D$ET-�GI-�GTIJG#I%DT%�+;,A'>-�Z%0� 0�L;M-�8%C%N%0�U='>?-�4%0�1W-�L%9%0�S;-�c%P%�/;3W�B;);?');:>�6,�<'3)+J6'3+2�M+(B+'6*+�(+'@);Y+�6'((;+(3�V:(?(:A>2<')+(�M:**A);:>�@:>)(:*�')�+J<'3)+�(+@,@*;>?�3;)+3%�5>Y;(:>%�+:@=+B%�&+'*)=-�D$ET-�GI-�THJ##%

Page 7: The Hong Kong Polytechnic University · 2018-09-27 · ' ( ) * + , - . - / - 0 1 2 3 4 * ( 5 6 2 0 + 6 ) 7 / 8 * 7 9 6 7 : 4 1 ) ; - / / 6 ) 7 0 5 . - 2 ) : 7 6 + 6 ) 7 4 1 ) ; -

��������� ��� �����������������

��������������� �!�� �������� �� ���� "�"

#$%�&'()�*%+� +�,'(-)�*%+�./)�*%+�*'(-)�0%1�234�5367684-9'8'7/6(�6:�&;<=>�/(�?'9/6@>�4(?/96(A4(7'B�A'79/C4>D�E/(47/C>�'(8A4C3'(/>A>%�F34A%�=(-%�G%)�#HIJ)�#KL)�LMNKJ%#K%�*'(-)�*%+�O3'(-)�,%+�P/@)�Q%+� +�R694B)�G%.%+�P/@)�S%1�TA5697'(7�96B4�6:�/(69-'(/C�C6A56(4(7>�'(8�C64U/>7/(-�VBWTTTX�/6(>�:69&YWTTX�>6957/6(�6(76�Y/6C3'9>%�F34A6>53494)�#HIJ)�IJI)�MZ$NMM[%ZH%�S'\'5']>3')�V%%+�_/73'('-4)�R%+�.44)�%%+�46)�<%F%+� +�a])�*%%1�74'A�'C7/?'7/6(�6:�Y/6C3'9>�:'C/B/7'74>�]/(47/C>�'(8�5QN94>/B/4(C4�6:�>@B:'A473'b/(4�>6957/6(%�G%�6/B>�48/A4(7>)�#HIJ)�IJ)�$$KN$K[%ZI%�./)�*%+�6(-)�,%+�c@)�,%+� +�*'(-)�0%1�234�96B4>�6:�3'B/84>�/(�734�'C47'A/(6534(�84-9'8'7/6(�Yd�_eQ#a#�794'7A4(7DE/(47/C>)�A4C3'(/>A>)�'(8�5968@C7>�'('Bd>/>%�F34A%�=(-%�G%)�#HI[)�#LI)�#IMN###%Z#%�O3'(-)�,%+�O34(-)�G%+�O34(-)�&%+� +�P/@)�S%�B@8-4N849/?48�Y/6C3'9�:69�V>WTTTX�/AA6Y/B/b'7/6(D�=::4C7>�6:�>6B@7/6(�C34A/>79d6(�>6957/6(�Y43'?/69%�G%�=(?/96(%�P@'B%)�#HI[)�MM)�IIIKNII#J%ZZ%�O3@)�0%+� +�F34()�c%+�./)�%+�*'(-)�0%1�F/596:B6U'C/(�'8>6957/6(�6(�-9'534(4�'(8�-9'(@B'9�'C7/?'748�C'9Y6(D�E/(47/C>)/>67349A>)�'(8�4::4C7>�6:�>6B@7/6(�C34A/>79d%�=(?/96(%�24C3(6B%)�#HI[)�ZJ)�ZHKMNZIH#%ZM%�O3@)�%f%+�,'(-)�F%+�*/5)�V%F%E%+� Q/-3Bd�4::4C7/?4�84-9'8'7/6(�6:�>68/@A�8684CdBY4(b4(4�>@B536('74�'(8�>d(7347/C-94dg'749�Yd�c4(76(NB/]4�94'C7/6(�6?49�b496?'B4(7�/96(NY'>48�C'7'Bd>7%�=(?/96(%�24C3(6B%)�#HI[)�ZJ)�IM#ZNIMZ#%Z[%�,'(-)�*%+� �=::4C7>�6:�>6B@7/6(�C34A/>79d�6(�'9>4(/CW_X�94A6?'B�Yd�B6gNC6>7�'8>69Y4(7>%�G%�=(?/96(%�C/%)�#HIZ)�#[)�##KIN##K$%ZJ%�aB8>)�,%=%+� +�,4Y49)�&%V%�VC/8�A/(4�89'/('-4�794'7A4(7�'>>/>748�Yd�B/-(/74N849/?48�3@A/C�>@Y>7'(C4>D�R47'B�94A6?'B�'(8>54C/'7/6(�A684BB/(-%�,'749�6/B�V/9�&6BB@7%)�#HIZ)�##M)�I[#I%ZL%�aB8>)�,%=%+� +�,4Y49)�&%V%�./-(/74N849/?48�3@A/C�>@Y>7'(C4>�:69�794'7A4(7�6:�'C/8�A/(4�89'/('-4�/(�f4g�O4'B'(8%�=(?/96(%=(-%�C/%)�#HIZ)�ZH)�JZ$NJM[%Z$%�,'(-)�*%+� +�aB8>)�,%=%+�,4Y49)�&%V%�7/B/b/(-�'C/8�A/(4�89'/('-4�>B@8-4�'(8�C6'B�:Bd�'>3�:69�536>53'74�94A6?'B�:96A�8'/9dg'>74g'749%�=(?/96(%�24C3(6B%)�#HIZ)�ZM)�ZILLNZI$#%ZK%�aB8>)�,%=%+� +�,4Y49)�&%V%�,4/>4(49)�F%h%�f/C]4B�'(8�b/(C�94A6?'B�:96A�'C/8�A/(4�89'/('-4D�S6B4>�6:�>B@8-4�>@9:'C4�'94''(8�(4@79'B/>/(-�'-4(7>%�G6@9('B�6:�R/(/(-)�#HIZ)�<aTD�IH%II[[e#HIZeJK$HZI%MH%� +�h9'3'A)�f%G%<%+�.6)�T%R%F%�Q@A/C�'C/8�'--94-'7/6(�/(�b496N?'B4(7�/96(�>d>74A>�'(8�/7>�4::4C7>�6(�79/C3B696473dB4(494A6?'B%�F34A6>53494)�#HHK)�L[)�IZZ$NIZMZ%MI%�./@)�2%+� +�.6)�T%R%F%1�F396A/@AW_TX�948@C7/6(�]/(47/C>�Yd�b496N?'B4(7�/96(�/(�A6849'74Bd�3'98�g'749�g/73�3@A/C�'C/8D�Q@A/C'C/8�'8>6957/6(�'(8�/96(�8/>>6B@7/6(%�=(?/96(%�C/%�24C3(6B%)�#HH$)�M#)�#HK#N#HK$%M#%�./@)�R%*%+� +�Q@)�G%+�f-)�E%2%,%+�./@)�2%+�.6)�T%R%F%1�V8>6957/6(�6:�A473dB4(4�YB@4�'(8�534(6B�Yd�g668�g'>74�849/?48'C7/?'748�C'9Y6(%�G%�=(?/96(%�=(-%)�#HH$)�IZM)�ZZ$NZM[%MZ%� +�O3'(-)�,%+�.6)�T%R%F%�R684B/(-�C'8A/@A�79'(>5697�/(�>6/B>�@>/(-�>4i@4(7/'B�4U79'C7/6()�Y'7C3�'(8�A/>C/YB4�8/>5B'C4A4(74U549/A4(7>%�6/B�C/%�6C%�VA%�G%)�#HHL)�LI)�JLMNJ$I%MM%� +�Q@)�G%+�./@)�R%*%+�O3'(-)�,%+�.'/)�E%F%E%+�.6)�T%R%F%�VC7/?'748�C'9Y6(�5968@C48�:96A�g'>74�g668�5'BB47>D�V8>6957/6(�6:73944�CB'>>4>�6:�8d4>%�,'749�V/9�6/B�&6BB@7%)�#HHL)�I$M)�IMINI[[%M[%� +�.6)�T%R%F%1�</>5'9/7d�6:�C'8A/@A�79'(>5697�Y43'?/69�/(�>6/B>�'7�8/::494(7�74A549'7@94>%�G6@9('B�6:�Q'b'986@>)�26U/C)�'(8S'8/6'C7/?4�,'>74)�#HHL)�II)�KLNIH[%MJ%� +�.6)�T%R%F%1�F6A547/7/?4�F@�'(8�F8�>6957/6(�'(8�79'(>5697�/(�>6/B>D�V�C6AY/(48�Y'7C3�]/(47/C>)�C6B@A(�'(8�>4i@4(7/'B4U79'C7/6(�>7@8d%�=(?/96(%�C/%�24C3(6B%)�#HHJ)�MH)�JJ[[NJJJI%ML%� %+�.6)�T%R%F%1�T(:B@4(C4�6:�5694Ng'749�?4B6C/7d�6(�79'(>5697�Y43'?/69�6:�C'8A/@AD�=i@/B/Y9/@A�?49>@>�(6(4i@/B/Y9/@A%�G6@9('B6:�Q'b'986@>)�26U/C)�'(8�S'8/6'C7/?4�,'>74)�#HHJ)�IH)�IJ#NILH%234�Q6(-�E6(-�&6Bd74C3(/C�(/?49>/7d

Page 8: The Hong Kong Polytechnic University · 2018-09-27 · ' ( ) * + , - . - / - 0 1 2 3 4 * ( 5 6 2 0 + 6 ) 7 / 8 * 7 9 6 7 : 4 1 ) ; - / / 6 ) 7 0 5 . - 2 ) : 7 6 + 6 ) 7 4 1 ) ; -

��������� ��� ������� ������������������� �

����������������� �� �!������ � ��� �"#���"�$�"#���"!���� � ���

%&'()*�+,-,�./&'012345�67 8797:;<=�>42?@<:5@3A9 B4AC@AD >;3E799@3A:?�87<3DA@5@3A >;3E799@3A:?�F7;G@<7 H7:<=@AD IA@G7;9@5J�F7;G@<7 >=K�:AC�81�>39@5@3A9%)L&MNO)'N�PQ�+(R(*�&'S�T'R(MP'O)'N&*�T'0('))M('0U.V)�WP'0�XP'0�YP*ZN)[V'([�\'(R)M/(NZU�W]'0�WPOU�XP*PP'U�WP'0�XP'0

_�abc�defg�hijklc�meg� g�minkbc�o�pqrst�huivwkx�yxiz�huizkss�klr�{ks|}~���lrkz}l|kjs�klr����juvk|uilsqjs}nu}xc��zs|}xrkzc��w}�m}|w}xjklrsc�ul��x}ssc���_��� g��ic����g�e�xkz�kjjuc��d�pqrst��w}jk|ul����}l|s�yix��klr��}vil|kzulk|uil��}vwliji�u}s��ehm��������_�_��c�qlnuxilz}l|kj�klr�{k|}x��}si�xv}s��ls|u|�|}c��z}xuvkl�eivu}|��iy��unuj�ql�ul}}xsc��ux�ulukc��e�c��k����_�c�a�~�_�_��_���������_�_��_��uc�oeg��kl�c��g�{kl�c��g� g��ilk|}jjic�eg��w}}s}zklc���g��iilc��ef��wk�|}x��~��wis�wix�s�x}vin}x��klrx}�s}�ks�y}x|uju�}x�yxiz�ulvul}xk|}r�s}�k�}�sj�r�}�ksw�p�ee�t��}si�xv}��}vin}x��yxiz�{ks|}c�}ru|}r����e��kx�kluc�qjs}nu}xc�zs|}xrkzc��w}�m}|w}xjklrsc�ul��x}ssc���_��� g�d�c����g��uil�c����wk�|}x�_�~�min}j�k��juvk|uil�iy��uivwkx�ul�s|ixz�k|}x�wkxn}s|ul��huivwkx�yxiz�huizkssklr�{ks|}~���lrkz}l|kjs�klr����juvk|uilsc�}ru|}r����de�abc�me�hijklc���{ ��skl�c�klr�o�minkbc�qjs}nu}xc��zs|}xrkzc�w}�m}|w}xjklrsc�ul��x}ssc���_����wkl�c�efg��w�c��g��wi�c�eg�ewkl�c� g���ic�og� �wk�|}x�_�~� �rxi|w}xzkj�vkx�ilu�k|uil�yix�w�rxivwkx�xir�v|uil�klr�u|s�k��juvk|uil�huivwkx�yxiz�huizkss�klr�{ks|}~���lrkz}l|kjs�klr����juvk|uilsc�}ru|}r����de�abc�me�hijklc��{ ��skl�c�klr�o�minkbc�qjs}nu}xc��zs|}xrkzc��w}�m}|w}xjklrsc�ul��x}ssc���_���ewkw}}lc�e�fg�qj¡mk��kxc��g�{kl�c�og� kssklc�mqqg�muk�uc�m�g�{kl�c� g� g�abc�deg�hijklc�meg�ulbj}�}c����wk�|}x�_¢~�huivwkx�ks�kl�uzzi�uju�ul��zi�uju�ul��k�}l|�yix�|w}��i|}l|ukjj��|i£uv�}j}z}l|s�ul�vil|kzulk|}r�siujshuivwkx�yxiz�huizkss�klr�{ks|}~���lrkz}l|kjs�klr����juvk|uilsc�}ru|}r����de�abc�me�hijklc���{ ��skl�c�klr�o�minkbcqjs}nu}xc��zs|}xrkzc��w}�m}|w}xjklrsc�ul��x}ssc���_�¢��wkl�c�{fg� ��wk�|}x�_�~�ej�r�}¡r}xun}r��uivwkx�klr�u|s�k��juvk|uil�ul�siuj�yu£k|uil�huivwkx�yxiz�huizkss�klr{ks|}~���lrkz}l|kjs�klr����juvk|uilsc�}ru|}r����de�abc�me�hijklc���{ ��skl�c�klr�o�minkbc�qjs}nu}xc��zs|}xrkzc��w}m}|w}xjklrsc�ul��x}ssc���_���{kl�c��g� ��wk�|}x�_�~��kx�il�rui£ur}�s}¤�}s|xk|uil�il�viz�isu|}s��ks}r�il��ks|}��iir��kx�il��ui£ur}e}¤�}s|xk|uil�ul��}z}l|u|ui�s��ils|x�v|uil��k|}xukjsc�}ru|}r�������kvw}vi¡�ix�kjc���ewuc�klr���eklvw}�c��ehm������_������c�qjs}nu}xc��zs|}xrkzc��w}�m}|w}xjklrsc������_¡�¢�c�o�l}���_����uil�c��g� g�abc�de��wk�|}x��~��w}zuvkj�vwkxkv|}xu�k|uil�iy�zul}�su|}s��ul}�eu|}��}wk�uju|k|uil�klr�}n}�}|k|uilc�}ru|}r�����uxbwkzc��hc�hijklc�mec�klr�de�abc��ehm����_�������_�c������x}ssc�hivk��k|ilc���c����_�¡��c�e}�|}z�}x���_��� g�h}u��klc�og��}l�c����wk�|}x�_�~�qz}x�ul��k��juvk|uils�iy��uivwkx�huivwkx~��wkxkv|}xu�k|uil�klr����juvk|uilsc}ru|}r����de�abc�e���vwuzu�kc�e���wkl�c�klr�me�hijklc��ehm~����_���������c������x}ssc�hivk��k|ilc���c�������¡���c�e}�|}z�}x���_¢�� ��wk�|}x��~��lyj�}lv}�iy�lk|�xkj�ix�kluv�zk||}x�il�vil|kzulkl|�x}zinkj�����}xz}k�j}�x}kv|un}��kxxu}x��w}��ij}iy��ijjiurkj�e�s|}zs�il�qlnuxilz}l|kj��xi|}v|uilc�}ru|}r�������kl�lc��ehm��������������c�qjs}nu}xc��zs|}xrkzc��w}m}|w}xjklrsc����_�¡��c��kxvw���_�c��a�~�_�_�_��h���¡�¡���¡�����¡������¡�_�� g��ic����g�e�xkz�kjjuc��d��wk�|}x�_~��}su�lc�uz�j}z}l|k|uilc�klr�}vilizuv�sivu}|kj�vilsur}xk|uils�iyvw}jkl|¡}lwklv}r�siuj��kswul���w}jk|ul����}l|s�yix��klr��}vil|kzulk|uil��}vwliji�u}sc�}ru|}r������{ ��skl�c������icklr��d�e�xkz�kjjuc��ehm���������_�_��c�qlnuxilz}l|kj�klr�{k|}x��}si�xv}s��ls|u|�|}c��z}xuvkl�eivu}|��iy��unuj�ql�ul}}xsc�ux�ulukc��e�c����_¡��c��k����_�c��a�~�_�_��_���������_�_��vw�___� g��ic�����mil¡}¤�uju�xu�z�yk|}�klr�|xkls�ix|�iy��r�ul�sk|�xk|}r�siujs~��}z�}xk|�x}�}yy}v|�¥}i}lnuxilz}l|kjql�ul}}xul�~��l|}�xk|}r��klk�}z}l|�iy�¥xi�lr�k|}x�klr��il|kzulk|}r��klrc�}ru|}r�����m�dil��klr� ���wizksc��ehm~����������c��wizks��}jyixrc���c����_��¡_�¢c�okl�kx�������w}� il���il���ij�|}vwluv��lun}xsu|�

Page 9: The Hong Kong Polytechnic University · 2018-09-27 · ' ( ) * + , - . - / - 0 1 2 3 4 * ( 5 6 2 0 + 6 ) 7 / 8 * 7 9 6 7 : 4 1 ) ; - / / 6 ) 7 0 5 . - 2 ) : 7 6 + 6 ) 7 4 1 ) ; -

��������� ��� ���������� ������ �����������

������������ !"�#�� !��$�$�� �$������ %���%��� %��%������� ���

&'()*+�,-.-�/0'(123456�78 98:8;<=>�?53@A=;6A4B: C5BDABE ?<4F8::A4B;@�98=4EBA6A4B ?<4F8::A4B;@�G8<HA=8 I8;=>ABE JBAH8<:A6K�G8<HA=8 74<8LM�NOPQRS�TMUMVW� �UXYZ�[R\�[RRO]Q_OR�_R�OP_abcQ d�edQfdR�gOe�dR]_eORfdRQP�heOdi_ORM�jQ d�k�jQdelQRQmdfdR�no eQP_QS�YZp�lda_Q�qeOohS�hhM�rsbrtS�Udhdfude�tsLvMtM�NOPQRS�TMUMVW�jQRmS�wMW�xyS�zMUMW� W�{_S�|M�N_Oi}Qe�~�j}Q�_�_�hOdR_QP�gOe�dR]_eORfdRQP�edfda_Q_OR��dfda_Q_OR�no eQPQ_QS�p�p�pn�YS�[ od�tsS���dQoed�ne_iPd��hhM�trbt�S�nomo �tsLvMrM�NOPQRS�TMUMVW� ��QPodbQaada�i}df_iQP�geOf�gOOa�cQ dM�p}df_e��_R�no eQP_QS�X}d��O�QP�no eQP_QR�p}df_iQP[R _odS���dQoed�pO]de�UOe���hhM�L�bL�S�nhe_P�tsLvMLM�wQ�dS�pM��YaM���[RdeRQP�pOeeO_OR�pOReOP�Og�jQde�UohhP��U� df \�pOad�Og�ZeQi_id��NdiydeS�nMW�NdROP_dPS�lMW�NOcdeS�lMWpQfhudPPS�nMW�peOPPS�NMW�qQaOoe�S�ZMW�qe_mmS��MW�qoQRS��MW�wQ�dS�pMW��O]QRO]_iS��MW��oRmS�lMW�{_RS�zMZMW�{�PdS��MW�lOOedS�lM�MWZO QcQS�nMW�Zed]O S�lMW��o dPPS�{MW�Ui}OiyS�lMW� W�Xe_QRQg�PP_aOoS�UM��Qo}Oe�u��QPh}Qud_iQP�Oeade�S�ldQP�QRa�dPQda�Uou QRid�_R��e_Ry_Rm�jQdeM�[UNT\���vL�vs�s����S�[RdeRQ_ORQP�jQde�n Oi_Q_ORS�{ORaORS���S�nomo �tsLtM

X}d�wORm��ORm�ZOP�di}R_i��R_]de_�

Page 10: The Hong Kong Polytechnic University · 2018-09-27 · ' ( ) * + , - . - / - 0 1 2 3 4 * ( 5 6 2 0 + 6 ) 7 / 8 * 7 9 6 7 : 4 1 ) ; - / / 6 ) 7 0 5 . - 2 ) : 7 6 + 6 ) 7 4 1 ) ; -

��������� ��� ������� � �� ������������� ��� �����

��!"����!��#$%�&�� $������� ����� � �� '����'����� �' ����� ���

()*+,-�./0/�12)*345678�9: ;:<:=>?@�A75BC?=8C6D< E7DFCDG A>6H:<<C6D=B�;:?6GDC8C6D A>6H:<<C6D=B�I:>JC?: K:=?@CDG LDCJ:><C8M�I:>JC?: 96>:NO�PQRSTUQVTSW�RU�XRYWZ[\\][SQT_SQ\]�URR�[ZaT�bZQVc�\[SdRV_ZbXXRSaT�\[a[YWZaZO�ef[V\T�gVVRf[aQRVZ�[V�hTfTYRXiTVaZ�QVgVbZaSQ[Y�[V�jRR�PQRaT\]VRYRcWk�Nl_mn�obYWk�hbSd[Vk�pRba]�eUSQ\[k�mnNqOmO�jSRi�TVfQSRViTVa[Y�STiTQ[aQRV�aR�dQRSTUQVTSW�URS�[ZaT�f[YRSQr[aQRVO�gVaTSV[aQRV[Y�sRVUTSTV\T�RV�pbZa[QV[dYT�pRYQ�t[ZaTuST[aiTVa�[V�v[V[cTiTVak�w_q�v[Wk�x[VcYQVck�s]QV[k�mnNqOyO�PQR\][S_d[ZT�\[a[YWaQ\�TcS[[aQRV�RU�TVfQSRViTVa[Y�XRYYba[VaZO�Nza]�gVaTSV[aQRV[Y�sRVUTSTV\T�RV�a]T�PQRcTR\]TiQZaSW�RU�uS[\T{YTiTVaZk�z_q�v[Wk�|[V}QVck�s]QV[k�mnNqO�~O�PQRSTUQVTSW�bZQVc�dQR\][S_ZbXXRSaT�\[a[YWZaZO�za]�gVaTSV[aQRV[Y�jRSbi�RV�gVbZaSQ[Y�PQRXSR\TZZTZk�N_~�v[Wk��TV[Vck�v[Y[WZQ[kmnNqO�zO��QZ�_d[ZT�STiTQ[aQRV�RU�[SZTVQ\_\RVa[QVQVc�ZRQYZO�sYT[V�X��RST[�sRVUTSTV\Tk�mz_ml�v[S\]k�pTRbYk��RST[k�mnNqO�wO�eYbiQVQbi_�[V�aQV_dQR\][S�\[a[YWZaZ�URS��vj�ZWVa]TZQZ�USRi�URR�[ZaTO�yS�gVaTSV[aQRV[Y�sRVUTSTV\T�RV�pbZa[QV[dYT�{VTScW[V�{VfQSRViTVa[Y�s][YYTVcTZk�N�_mN�hT\TidTSk��[bSQ��[S] [Yk�gVQ[k�mnN�O�lO�jRR�[ZaT�ST\W\YQVc�QVaR�dQR_d[ZT�\]TiQ\[YZO�yS�gVaTSV[aQRV[Y�sRVUTSTV\T�RV�PQRYRcQ\[Y�t[ZaT�[Z��TZRbS\Tk�Nl_NqhT\TidTSk��RVc��RVck�s]QV[k�mnN�O��O��SRb\QVc�dQR_\]TiQ\[YZ�[V�dQR_TVTScW�USRi�bSd[V�URR�[ZaTO�NZa�gVaTSV[aQRV[Y�tRS�Z]RX�RV��STTV�PQRSTUQVTSW�RU�PQRi[ZZt[ZaT�[V�{VfQSRViTVak�~_w�hT\TidTSk�p][Vc][Qk�s]QV[k�mnN�OqO�j[aT�RU�vTa[YZ�QV�pRYQ�t[ZaT�paST[iZO�NZa�eZQ[��TZQYQTV\T�sTVaTS�sRVUTSTV\Tk�mw_m��|RfTidTSk�pTRbYk��RST[k�mnN�ONnO�jSRi�bSd[V�URR�[ZaT�aR�\RVZbiTS�[V�\RiiRQaW�\]TiQ\[YZO�NZa�eZQ[��TZQYQTV\T�sTVaTS�sRVUTSTV\Tk�mw_m��|RfTidTSk�pTRbYk�RST[k�mnN�ONNO�sRVaS[ZaQVc�SRYTZ�RU�i[YTQ\�[\Q�QV�iTa[Y_\[a[YWZT�XSRb\aQRV�RU��vj�USRi�URR�[ZaTO�gVaTSV[aQRV[Y�sRVUTSTV\T�RVPQRaT\]VRYRcQ\[Y��TZT[S\]�[V�gVVRf[aQRV�URS�pbZa[QV[dYT�hTfTYRXiTVak�mm_mz�|RfTidTSk��WTS[d[k�gVQ[k�mnN�ONmO�eiQVT_�[V�aQV_UbV\aQRV[YQrT�dQR\][S�\[a[YWZaZ�URS�cYb\RZT�QZRiTSQr[aQRV�QV�dQRSTUQVTSWO�gVaTSV[aQRV[Y�pWiXRZQbi�RV{VfQSRViTVa[Y�uT\]VRYRcW�[V�pi[Sa�v[aTSQ[YZk�l_q�|RfTidTSk��[Vcr]Rbk�s]QV[k�mnN�ONyO�PQR\][S�\[a[YWZaZ�URS�]Qc]_f[YbT�\]TiQ\[Y�ZWVa]TZQZO�~a]�eZQ[��[\QUQ\�PQR\][S�sRVUTSTV\Tk�~_l�|RfTidTSk�jRZ][Vk�s]QV[k�mnN�ON~O�jSRi�ibVQ\QX[Y�ZRYQ�[ZaT�aR�STVT [dYT�TVTScW�[V�\]TiQ\[Y�dbQYQVc�dYR\�ZO�yS�gVaTSV[aQRV[Y�sRVUTSTV\T�RV�eYaTSV[aQfT�jbTYZk{VTScW�[V�{VfQSRViTVak�m�_yN��\aRdTSk�|[V}QVck�s]QV[k�mnN�ONzO�{VcQVTTST�dQR\][S�URS�\RVa[iQV[Va�[ZRSXaQRV�[V�STb\aQRVO�mzwa]�eiTSQ\[V�s]TiQ\[Y�pR\QTaW�|[aQRV[Y�vTTaQVck�Nq_myebcbZak�PRZaRVk��pek�mnN�ONwO�PQR\][S�\[a[YWZaZ�URS�TVfQSRViTVa[Y�[XXYQ\[aQRVZO�Nqa]�gVaTSV[aQRV[Y�sRVUTSTV\T�RV��T[fW�vTa[YZ�QV�a]T�{VfQSRViTVak�mN_mz�obYWkeaY[Va[k��pek�mnN�ONlO�jRR�[ZaT�f[YRSQr[aQRV�URS�XY[aURSi�\]TiQ\[Y�XSRb\aQRVO�mV�gVaTSV[aQRV[Y�sRVUTSTV\T�RV�PQRSTZRbS\TZk�{VTScWk�{VfQSRViTVak[V�v[aTSQ[YZ�uT\]VRYRcWk�Nn_Ny�obVTk��RVc\]TRVk��RST[k�mnN�ON�O�{UUQ\[\W�[V�\RV\TSVZ�RU�ZYbcT_TSQfT�dQR\][S�QV�UQTYO�mV�gVaTSV[aQRV[Y�sRVUTSTV\T�RV�PQRSTZRbS\TZk�{VTScWk�{VfQSRViTVak[V�v[aTSQ[YZ�uT\]VRYRcWk�Nn_Ny�obVTk��RVc\]TRVk��RST[k�mnN�ONqO�PQR\][S_V��g�\RiXRZQaT�URS�]Qc]_Z[YQVQaW�[ZaT [aTS�aST[aiTVaO�~a]�gVaTSV[aQRV[Y�sRVUTSTV\T�RV�{VfQSRViTVa[Y��RYYbaQRV�[V�T[Ya]k�N�_mn�v[Wk�uQ[V}QVk�s]QV[k�mnN�OmnO��[YbT_[ T�\]TiQ\[Y�ZWVa]TZQZ�dW�\[a[YWaQ\�f[YRSQr[aQRV�RU�URR�[ZaTO�mV�gVaTSV[aQRV[Y�sRVUTSTV\T�RV�pbZa[QV[dYT�{VTScW�[V{VfQSRViTVa[Y�s][YYTVcTZk�N_y�o[Vb[SWk�P[Vc[YRSTk�gVQ[k�mnN�OmNO�j[aT�RU��Ph{Z�QV�[cSQ\bYabS[Y�ZRQY�QV�a]T�XSTZTV\T�RU�iTa[YZ�iTa[YYRQZk�V[abS[Y�RSc[VQ\�i[aaTSk�[V�UTSaQYQrTSZO��a]�gVaTSV[aQRV[YsRVUTSTV\T�RV��TR\]TiQZaSW�QV�a]T�uSRXQ\Z���pbd_uSRXQ\Zk�q_Nm�hT\TidTSk�p]TVr]TVk�s]QV[k�mnNlOmmO�{iTScQVc�[XXYQ\[aQRV�RU�dQR\][S_d[ZT�\[a[YWZaZ�URS�QVRRS�[QS�XRYYbaQRV�\RVaSRYO�gVRRS�eQS��b[YQaW�[V���s�sYT[V�uT\]VRYRcWtRS�Z]RXk�mm�|RfTidTSk�pTRbYk��RST[k�mnNlOmyO�eSZTVQ\_\RVa[QVQVc�ZRQYZ�QV�bSd[V�TfTYRXiTVa�XSR}T\a��eZZTZZiTVa�[V�i[V[cTiTVaO�mV��RST[��QZ��eZZTZZiTVa�sRVUTSTV\Tk�_Nn�|RfTidTSk�pTRbYk��RST[k�mnNlOm~O�vRdQYQaW�[V�X]WaR[f[QY[dQYQaW�RU�[SZTVQ\�[V�YT[�QV�[�\RVa[iQV[aT�ZRQY�[UaTS�Za[dQYQr[aQRV�dW�XQVT�Z[ bZa�dQR\][S�bVTS�WV[iQ\STR��\RVQaQRVZO�N~a]�gVaTSV[aQRV[Y�sRVUTSTV\T�RV�a]T�PQRcTR\]TiQZaSW�RU�uS[\T�{YTiTVaZk�Nw_mn�obYWk��bSQ\]k�p QarTSY[VkmnNlOmzO��TcQRV[Y�\][S[\aTSQZaQ\Z�RU�RSc[VQ\�\RVa[iQV[VaZ�QV�[cSQ\bYabS[Y�ZRQYZO�mnNl�gVaTSV[aQRV[Y�pWiXRZQbi�RU�a]T��RST[V�pR\QTaW�URSeXXYQT�PQRYRcQ\[Y�s]TiQZaSWk�Nz_Nl�obVTk�PbZ[Vk��RST[k�mnNlOmwO��QVTaQ\Z�RU�PS�VZaT�[\Q�\[a[YWrT�\RVfTSZQRV�RU�\TYYbYRZQ\�[ZaT�QVaR�YTfbYQVQ\�[\QO�~a]�gVaTSV[aQRV[Y�jRSbi�RV�gVbZaSQ[YPQRXSR\TZZTZk�mN_m~�v[Wk�tb�Qk�s]QV[k�mnNlOmlO�sRVa[iQV[aT�ZQaT�STiTQ[aQRV�dW�dQR\][SZ�TSQfT�USRi�f[SQRbZ�aWXTZ�RU�ZT [cT�ZYbcTO�mzyS�eiTSQ\[V�s]TiQ\[Y�pR\QTaW|[aQRV[Y�vTTaQVck�m_w�eXSQYk�p[V�jS[V\QZ\Rk��pek�mnNlOm�O�PQR\][S�XSRb\T�USRi�ZT [cT�ZYbcT�RU�\]TiQ\[YYW_TV][V\T�XSQi[SW�aST[aiTVa�[V�ZT\RV[SW�aST[aiTVa�XY[VaZ�QV��RVc��RVcOyS�eZQ[��[\QUQ\�PQR\][S�sRVUTSTV\Tk�Nq_my��\aRdTSk��[Vc RVk��RST[k�mnNwOmqO�|[VRZ\[YT�rTSR_f[YTVa�QSRV�URS�iTa[Y�ZT�bTZaS[aQRV�USRi�US[\abSQVc�UYR d[\��[aTS�[V�[ZaT [aTSO�N�a]�gVaTSV[aQRV[Y�sRVUTSTV\TRV��T[fW�vTa[YZ�QV�a]T�{VfQSRViTVak�Nm_Nz�pTXaTidTSk��]TVak�PTYcQbik�mnNwOynO�gVaTcS[aT��TiTQ[aQRV�[V�{iTScQVc�sRV\TSVZ�RU�sRVa[iQV[aT�pQaTZO�gVaTSV[aQRV[Y�sRVUTSTV\T�RV��QZ��eZZTZZiTVa�[Vv[V[cTiTVa�RU�sRVa[iQV[aT�pQaTk�m~_m��ebcbZak�h[T}TRVk��RST[k�mnNzOyNO�eZZTZZQVc�a]T�ZbZa[QV[dQYQaW�RU�URR�[ZaT�ST\W\YQVc�RXaQRVZO�NZa�gVaTSV[aQRV[Y�sRVUTSTV\T�RV�PQRYRcQ\[Y�t[ZaT�[Z��TZRbS\Tk�N_yhT\TidTSk��RVc��RVck�s]QV[k�mnN~OymO�j[\QYQa[aQVc�STiTQ[aQRV�RU�T_[ZaT�ST\W\YQVc�[V�aQidTS�aST[aiTVa�\RVa[iQV[aT�ZRQYZ�dW�ZTYT\aQfT�QZZRYbaQRV�XSTaST[aiTVaO�mVgVaTSV[aQRV[Y�sRVUTSTV\T�RV�sRVa[iQV[aT��[Vk�{\RYRcQ\[Y�eZZTZZiTVa�[V��TiTQ[aQRVk�z_���\aRdTSk��[Vc RVk��RST[k�mnN~O

Page 11: The Hong Kong Polytechnic University · 2018-09-27 · ' ( ) * + , - . - / - 0 1 2 3 4 * ( 5 6 2 0 + 6 ) 7 / 8 * 7 9 6 7 : 4 1 ) ; - / / 6 ) 7 0 5 . - 2 ) : 7 6 + 6 ) 7 4 1 ) ; -

��������� ��� ������� � �� ������������� ��� �����

��!"����!��#$%�&�� $������� ����� � �� '����'����� �' ����� ���

()�*+,-./0+12-.314,�56-4,/7.32849�235:3;.-6;�039�61<.931561-4,�9656=.4-.31)�>;.1?8+4�@1.<69;.-AB�C8.14B�D2-3769�EF(G)E)�@;6�30�7.354;;�H4;-6�039�2865.24,I7.30+6,�;A1-86;.;�41=�61<.931561-4,�4::,.24-.31;)�C8.14�@1.<69;.-A�30�J63;2.6126;B�C8.14BD2-3769�EF(G)K)�L.3960.169A�30�033=�H4;-6�.1�M31?�N31?)�O.28+41�@1.<69;.-AB�C8.14B�P+,A�EF(G)Q)�R;;6;;.1?�41=�5414?.1?�49;61.2/231-4.1.1?�;3.,;�039�+9741�=6<6,3:561-)�S31;6.�@1.<69;.-AB�N3964B�P+16�EF(G)T)�U1?.16696=�7.32849�039�.1=+;-9.4,�H4;-6H4-69�-964-561-)�L6.V.1?�W3954,�@1.<69;.-AB�C8.14B�P+16�EF(G)X)�U1<.931561-4,�-964-561-�41=�4::,.24-.31;�30�56-4,;�.1�H4;-6�;-9645;)�O3+-8�C8.14�@1.<69;.-A�30�>62813,3?AB�C8.14B�P+16�EF(G)Y)�*6-4,/7.32849�235:3;.-6;�039�.1=+;-9.4,�H4;-6H4-69�-964-561-)�J+41?Z83+�@1.<69;.-AB�C8.14B�P+16�EF(G)G)�W413;24,6�Z693/<4,61-�.931�235:3;.-6;�039�.1=+;-9.4,�H4;-6H4-69�-964-561-)�>;.1?8+4�@1.<69;.-AB�C8.14B�*4A�EF(G)[)�\479.24-.31�30�61?.16696=�7.32849�039�61<.931561-4,�41=�7.3960.169A�4::,.24-.31;)�C8.14�R?9.2+,-+94,�@1.<69;.-AB�C8.14B�*4A�EF(G)(F)�C4-4,A-.2�231<69;.31�039�;6231=/?61694-.31�7.3960.169A)�L6.V.1?�\396;-9A�@1.<69;.-AB�C8.14B�*4A�EF(G)(()�C31;-9+2-.31�54-69.4,;�:93=+26=�0935�4,+5�;,+=?6�41=�=96=?6=�;6=.561-)�M384.�@1.<69;.-AB�C8.14B�*4A�EF(G)(E)�C31;-9+2-.31�H4;-6�5414?6561-�41=�962A2,.1?�.1�M31?�N31?)�O841?84.�@1.<69;.-AB�C8.14B�*4A�EF(G)(K)�U1?.16696=�7.32849�039�;3.,�9656=.4-.31�41=�H4;-6H4-69�-964-561-)�O841?84.�@1.<69;.-AB�C8.14B�*4A�EF(G)(Q)�J9661�962A2,.1?�30�H33=�H4;-6�.1-3�623/:49-.2,67349=)�W4-.314,�@1.<69;.-A�30�O.1?4:396B�O.1?4:396B�R:9.,�EF(G)(T)�L.3960.169A�41=�7.3/74;6=�:93=+2-;)�N3964�@1.<69;.-AB�O3+-8�N3964B�R:9.,�EF(G)(X)�L.3H4;-6�231<69;.31�.1�+9741�2.-.6;)�O+1�S4-/O61�@1.<69;.-AB�C8.14B�R:9.,�EF(G)(Y)�]4;-6�<4,39.Z4-.31�039�2865.24,�:93=+2-.31)�J+41?=31?�@1.<69;.-A�30�>62813,3?AB�C8.14B�R:9.,�EF(G)(G)�L.3/74;6=�2865.24,�:93=+2-.31�0935�033=�H4;-6�41=�,41=;24:.1?�H4;-6)�@1.<69;.-A�30�M4H4..�4-�*4134B�@ORB�*4928�EF(G)([)�J9661�9656=.4-.31�41=�962A2,.1?�30�=96=?6=�;6=.561-�.1-3�231;-9+2-.31�54-69.4,;)�O841?84.�P.43�>31?�@1.<69;.-AB�C8.14B�*4928EF(G)EF)�U1?.16696=�7.32849�76A31=�;3.,�9656=.4-.31)�O841?84.�P.43�>31?�@1.<69;.-AB�C8.14B�*4928�EF(G)E()�C4-4,A-.2�<4,39.Z4-.31�30�033=�H4;-6�.1�M31?�N31?)�\+=41�@1.<69;.-AB�C8.14B�*4928�EF(G)EE)�L.32849�039�;3.,�9656=.4-.31�41=�H4;-6H4-69�-964-561-)�C8+,4,31?391�@1.<69;.-AB�>84.,41=B�*4928�EF(G)EK)�L.3960.169A�30�033=�41=�,41=;24:.1?�H4;-6�.1-3�<4,+6/4==6=�2865.24,;)�N4;6-;49-�@1.<69;.-AB�>84.,41=B�*4928�EF(G)EQ)�W413;24,6�Z693<4,61-�.931�039�8.?8/;4,.1.-A�H4;-6H4-69�-964-561-)�M+4Z831?�@1.<69;.-A�30�O2.6126�41=�>62813,3?AB�C8.14BP41+49A�EF(G)ET)�_4,+6/4==6=�2865.24,�;A1-86;.;�0935�033=�H4;-6�.1�M31?�N31?)�W4-.314,�>4.H41�@1.<69;.-AB�>4.H41B�6265769�EF(Y)EX)�a.;/74;6=�231-45.14-6=�;.-6�4;;6;;561-�41=�9656=.4-.31�.1�M31?�N31?)�N3964�@1.<69;.-AB�O3+-8�N3964B�W3<65769�EF(Y)EY)�D<69<.6H�30�.1/;.-+�41=�6b/;.-+�;3.,I?93+1=H4-69�9656=.4-.31�-62813,3?.6;)�N3964�@1.<69;.-AB�O3+-8�N3964B�W3<65769�EF(Y)EG)�C31-45.14-6=�,41=�4;;6;;561-�41=�9656=.4-.31�-62813,3?.6;)�O6V31?�@1.<69;.-AB�O3+-8�N3964B�W3<65769�EF(Y)E[)�U569?.1?�231-45.141-;�.1�;3.,;c�R�96?.314,�;-+=A�.1�C8.14)�C8+,4,31?391�@1.<69;.-AB�>84.,41=B�R+?+;-�EF(Y)KF)�O849.1?�31�424=65.2�H9.-.1?)�W4-.314,�O+1�S4-/;61�@1.<69;.-AB�>4.H41B�*4928�EF(Y)K()�O3.,�;-47.,.Z4-.31�41=�:695647,6�9642-.<6�7499.69�039�231-45.14-6=�;.-6�9656=.4-.31)�W4-.314,�O+1�S4-/;61�@1.<69;.-AB�>4.H41B*4928�EF(Y)KE)�6;.?169�7.32849�76A31=�;3.,�4::,.24-.31;)�W4-.314,�@1.<69;.-A�30�O.1?4:396B�O.1?4:396B�P41+49A�EF(Y)KK)�d1-6?94-6=�9656=.4-.31�30�231-45.14-6=�;.-6;c�]84-�496�-86�6A�:6903954126�.1=.24-39;e�W41V.1?�d1;-.-+-6�30�J63?94:8A�41=f.513,3?AB�C8.16;6�R24=65A�30�O2.6126;B�C8.14B�6265769�EF(X)KQ)�L.3960.169A�30�033=�H4;-6�.1-3�8A=93bA56-8A,0+90+94,�41=�,6<+,.1.2�42.=B�@1.<69;.-A�30�M+==69;0.6,=B�@NB�W3<65769�EF(X)KT)�_4,39.Z4-.31�30�033=�H4;-6�.1-3�<4,+6/4==6=�2865.24,;�7A�316/:3-�24-4,A;.;B�@1.<69;.-A�30�g3.-.69;B�\94126B�D2-3769�EF(X)KX)�>941;0395.1?�=96=?6=�;6=.561-�.1-3�231;-9+2-.31�:93=+2-;)�M41A41?�@1.<69;.-AB�O3+-8�N3964B�6265769�EF(T)KY)�*414?6561-�30�231-45.14-6=�;6=.561-�.1�M31?�N31?)�C8317+�W4-.314,�@1.<69;.-AB�O3+-8�N3964B�6265769�EF(T)KG)�_4,+6/4==6=�962A2,.1?�30�231-45.14-6=�;6=.561-)�J861-�@1.<69;.-AB�L6,?.+5B�W3<65769�EF(T)K[)�O3.,�H4;8.1?�039�,41=�=6231-45.14-.31c�g8A;.24,�;6:494-.31�41=�2865.24,�6b-942-.31)�J861-�@1.<69;.-AB�L6,?.+5B�W3<65769�EF(T)QF)�d1/;.-+�41=�6b/;.-+�56-4,�6b-942-.31�0935�231-45.14-6=�;3.,;)�O63+,�W4-.314,�@1.<69;.-AB�O3+-8�N3964B�P+,A�EF(Q)Q()�*6-4,�231-45.14-.31�41=�9656=.4-.31c�*A�V3+916A)�C8.16;6�a6;64928�R24=65A�30�U1<.931561-4,�O2.6126;B�C8.14B�R:9.,�EF(Q)QE)�a6;3+926�9623<69A�.1�+9741�;6--.1?;)�O3+-8�C8.14�@1.<69;.-A�30�>62813,3?AB�C8.14B�6265769�EF(K)QK)�d1/;.-+�;-47.,.Z4-.31�30�231-45.14-6=�;3.,;c�U00.242A�41=�2312691;)�J+41?Z83+�d1;-.-+-6�30�J632865.;-9AB�C8.16;6�R24=65A�30O2.6126;B�C8.14B�6265769�EF(K)QQ)�C31-45.141-�-941;:39-�.1�-86�;+7;+90426�41=�.-;�96,6<4126�-3�.1=+;-9.4,�:3,,+-.31)�M497.1�d1;-.-+-6�30�>62813,3?AB�C8.14BO6:-65769�EF(K)QT)�g695647,6�9642-.<6�7499.69;�/�C312691;�41=�=6<6,3:561-)�J+41?Z83+�d1;-.-+-6�30�J632865.;-9AB�C8.16;6�R24=65A�30�O2.6126;BC8.14B�W3<65769�EF(E)QX)�6<6,3:.1?�;+;-4.147,6�;3,+-.31;�-3�96?.314,�284,,61?6;�/�>+91.1?�H4;-6;�.1-3�96;3+926;)�M497.1�d1;-.-+-6�30�>62813,3?AO861Z861�J94=+4-6�O2833,B�C8.14B�P+16�EF(E)QY)�O41=�0.,-94-.31�039�=9.1.1?�H4-69�-964-561-)�W4-.314,�>6281.24,�>94.1.1?�d1;-.-+-6B�C4573=.4B�W3<65769�EF(()QG)�O+7;+90426�-941;:39-�30�864<A�56-4,;�.1�14-+94,�41=�61?.16696=�;6--.1?;)�W4-.314,�>4.H41�@1.<69;.-A�30�O2.6126�41=�>62813,3?AB>4.H41B�\679+49A�EF(F)Q[)�g695647,6�9642-.<6�7499.69;�41=�;3.,�H4;8.1?I0,+;8.1?�039�231-45.14-6=�;.-6�9656=.4-.31)�@1.<69;.-A�30�M31?�N31?B�C8.14B\679+49A�EF(F)TF)�O3.,�H4;8.1?�41=�0,+;8.1?�H.-8�286,4-.1?�4?61-;�039�;3.,�9656=.4-.31)�O+1�S4-/O61�@1.<69;.-AB�C8.14B�P41+49A�EF(F)T()�D9?41.2�54--69�4??96?4-.31�41=�56-4,�235:,6b4-.31�.1�?93+1=H4-69�41=�;3.,�9656=.4-.31)�@1.<69;.-A�30�C3,394=3�4-�L3+,=69B@ORB�W3<65769�EFF[)TE)�M+5.2�42.=�.5:42-;�31�Z693/<4,61-�.931�;A;-65;�039�231-45.14-6=�?93+1=H4-69�41=�.1=+;-9.4,�H4;-6H4-69�-964-561-)�d5:69.4,C3,,6?6�f31=31B�@NB�\679+49A�EFFG)>86�M31?�N31?�g3,A-6281.2�@1.<69;.-A

Page 12: The Hong Kong Polytechnic University · 2018-09-27 · ' ( ) * + , - . - / - 0 1 2 3 4 * ( 5 6 2 0 + 6 ) 7 / 8 * 7 9 6 7 : 4 1 ) ; - / / 6 ) 7 0 5 . - 2 ) : 7 6 + 6 ) 7 4 1 ) ; -

��������� ��� ������� � �� ����� ��������������

�������� �!��"#$�%�� #�� � �� ����� � �� &���� ����&������� ��'

()*+,-�./0/�12)*345678�9: ;:<:=>?@�A75BC?=8C6D< E7DFCDG A>6H:<<C6D=B�;:?6GDC8C6D A>6H:<<C6D=B�I:>JC?: K:=?@CDG LDCJ:><C8M�I:>JC?: A@N�=DF�;4�A6<C8C6D<(,O)PQR,*Q�ST�.+U+-�)*V�W*U+PS*R,*Q)-�W*3+*,,P+*3X1Y,�ZS*3�[S*3�\S-]Q,Y*+�_*+U,P2+Q]X�Z*3�ZSRX�[Sa-SS*X�ZS*3�[S*3

bc�defgh�icj�klefgh�mcncdc�kopqfrpes�eft�opufuvrp�ellollvofw�ux�gyoof�yovotrewruf�eft�yopzpsrfg�ux�tyotgot�lotrvofwc�{ft|fwoyfewrufes�nufxoyofpo�uf�}ruyolu~ypolh��foygzh��f�ryufvofwh�eft��ewoyresl�kopqfusugzh�b��b���~foh��ufgpqoufh��uyoeh�{�b�c{c��~h�|c�c�cj�klefgh�mcncdc��yoof�lus�ofwl�xuy�peweszwrp�puf�oylruf�ux��yoet��elwo�wu�qztyu�zvowqzsx~yx~yesc�{ft�|fwoyfewrufes�nufxoyofpouf�}ruyolu~ypolh��foygzh��f�ryufvofwh�eft��ewoyresl�kopqfusugzh�b��b���~foh��ufgpqoufh��uyoeh�{�b�c�c�defgh�icj�klefgh�mcncdcj��uufh�nc�c��yoof�lwe�rsr�ewruf�lusrtrxrpewruf�ux�pufwevrfewot�lotrvofw��rwq�rft~lwyres��z��yut~pwl�eft�n�{p~yrfgc��wq�|fwoyfewrufes�nufxoyofpo�uf��oupqovrlwyz�rf�wqo�kyu�rpl����~��kyu�rplh���b{�mopov�oyh��qof�qofh�nqrfeh�{�b�c�c��~h�|c�c�cj��rufgh��cj�klefgh�mcncdc��~sxufewot��rupqey�el�e�fo��peweszlw�xuy�~�pzpsrfg�pey�uqztyewo�yrpq�xuut��elwo�rfwuqztyu�zvowqzsx~yx~yes������c��wq�|fwoyfewrufes�nufxoyofpo�uf��oupqovrlwyz�rf�wqo�kyu�rpl����~��kyu�rplh���b{�mopov�oyh��qof�qofhnqrfeh�{�b�c�c�defgh�icj�klefgh�mcncdcj��uufh�nc�c��yoof�yopzpsrfg�ux��uut��elwo�rfwu�qrgq��oyxuyvefpo�povofw��uftot��eywrpso�ueytl��z�n�{p~yrfgc��wq�|fwoyfewrufes��zv�ulr~v�uf�novofw�eft�nufpyowoh�b����u�ov�oyh�d~qefh�nqrfeh�{�b�c�c�defgh�icj�klefgh�mcncdcj��uufh�nc�c��opzpsrfg�pufwevrfewot�lotrvofw�rfwu�opu�xyroftsz��e�rfg��sup l�~lrfg��rfeyz�povofw�eft�pey�uftru�rto�p~yrfgc��wq��ewrufes�nufxoyofpo�uf��f�ryufvofwes�nqovrlwyzh�b��{{��pwu�oyh��efg�qu~h�nqrfeh�{�b�c�c��e h�kc�cdcj��l~h��cncj�klefgh�mcncdc��zlwov�tzfevrp�efeszlrl�xuy�to�osu�rfg�xrfefpressz�l~lwerfe�so�wyr�so��ewoy�l~��sz�lzlwov�rf�ufg��ufgc��wq�|d¡�¡��|���nufxoyofpo�eft���qr�rwrufh�bb�b���o�wov�oyh��~ese�i~v�~yh��esezlreh�{�b�c�c�defgh�icj��efgh��cj�klefgh�mcncdcj��uufh�nc�c��opzpsrfg��ewoy�uy l�ls~tgo�rfwu�pufwyussot�su��lwyofgwq�vewoyreslc��wq�|d¡�¡��|��nufxoyofpo�eft���qr�rwrufh�bb�b���o�wov�oyh��~ese�i~v�~yh��esezlreh�{�b�c�c��~h�|c�c�cj�klefgh�mcncdc�neweszwrp�puf�oylruf�ux�xuut��elwo�wu�qztyu�zvowqzsx~yx~yes�rf��usey�e�yuwrp�lus�ofw��ewoy�votr~vc�b�wqnufgyollh�¡lref��eprxrp�nufxotoyewruf�ux�nqovrpes��fgrfooyrfgh�{��{��¡~g~lwh��ufg��ufgh�nqrfeh�{�b�cb�c��~fh��cj�iorh�ncj�nqofh��c�cj�klefgh�mcncdcj�irfh�mcj�� h��c�c�¢lo�ux�fefulpeso��oyu��esofw�ryuf�xuy�wyoewrfg�wqo��yut~pot��ewoy�xyuvqztye~srp�xyepw~yrfgc�b�wq�|fwoyfewrufes�nufxoyofpo�uf�wqo�}rugoupqovrlwyz�ux�kyepo��sovofwlh�b��{���~szh�£~yrpqh���rw�oysefth�{�b�cbbc�¡�eth��c�cj�� h��c�cj�¡�yrgeweh��cj�}orz~efh��cj�}op oylh��cj�klefgh�mcncdcj��rf so�oh��c��rfo�le�t~lw��ruvell�eft��rupqeyl�ew�trxxoyofw�zyuszlrl�wov�oyew~yol�pqefgo�lurs�yotu���yupollolc�b�wq�|fwoyfewrufes�nufxoyofpo�uf�wqo�}rugoupqovrlwyz�ux�kyepo��sovofwlh�b��{��~szh�£~yrpqh���rw�oysefth�{�b�cb{c�defgh�icj�klefgh�mcncdch��uufh�nc�c�¤es~o¥ettot�yopzpsrfg�ux�puflwy~pwruf��elwo��uut�rfwu��ewoy�yo�ossofw�eft�xryo�yolrlwefw�povofw¥�uftot��eywrpso�ueytlc�b�wq�|fwoyfewrufes�nufxoyofpo�uf�m~ye�rsrwz�ux�}~rstrfg��ewoyresl�eft�nuv�ufofwlh�{���b��ezh��qofwh�}osgr~vh{�b�cb�c�nqofh��c�cj��~h�|c�c�cj�klefgh�mcncdcj��r�h�¡cnc�c�¤esuyrlewruf�ux�poss~sulrp�xuut��elwo�wu��es~o�ettot�pqovrpesl��z�qowoyugofou~l}y¦flwot�peweszlwl§�¡� rfowrp�lw~tzc��wq�|fwoyfewrufes��zv�ulr~v�uf��yoof�nqovrlwyzh�b��b���ezh�ie��upqossoh��yefpoh�{�b�cb�c��~h�|c�c�cj�klefgh�mcncdc��owes�pewesz�ot�puf�oylruf� rfowrpl�ux�xuut��elwo�wu�qztyu�zvowqzsx~yx~yesc��wq�|fwoyfewrufes��zv�ulr~v�uf�yoof�nqovrlwyzh�b��b���ezh�ie��upqossoh��yefpoh�{�b�cb�c��~fh��cj�iorh�ncj��qefh��cj�nqofh��c�cj�klefgh�mcncdcj��fwye��ot�fefulpeso��oyu�esofw�ryuf�xuy�qrgq�lesrfrwz��elwo�ewoy�wyoewvofw§�¡grfgoxxopwl�uf�pqovrpes�wyeflxuyvewrufh�lwy~pw~yo�o�us~wrufh�eft�vowes�surt��yovu�esc��yt�|fwoyfewrufes�nufxoyofpo�uf��f�ryufvofwes��uss~wrufeft��oeswqh�b{�b���ezh��~efg�qu~h�nqrfeh�{�b�cb�c�n~rh��cicj�£qeuh��c�cj�irh��c�cj�klefgh�mcncdcj��uufh�nc�cj�nqefh�kc�cj�defgh�dc�cj�irh��cmc�¡ylofrp�rf�gougofrp�lurs�xyuv��ufg��ufg§��oprewrufh�vu�rsr�ewrufh�eft��rueppollr�rsrwzc�{��yt�¡voyrpef�nqovrpes��uprowz��ewrufes��oowrfgh�{���¡�yrsh��ef��yefprlpuh�¢�¡h�{�b�cb�c��~h�|c�c�cj�klefgh�mcncdc��rfowrp�eft�wqoyvutzfevrp�rflrgqwl�rfwu�peweszwrp�puf�oylruf�ux�xuut��elwo�wu�qztyu�zvowqzsx~yx~yesc�{��yt¡voyrpef�nqovrpes��uprowz��ewrufes��oowrfgh�{���¡�yrsh��ef��yefprlpuh�¢�¡h�{�b�cb�c��~h�|c�c�cj�klefgh�mcncdc�¤esuyr�ewruf�ux�lweypqzh�poss~sulrph�eft�l~geyz�xuut��elwo�rfwu��es~o�ettot�pqovrpeslc�{��yt�¡voyrpefnqovrpes��uprowz��ewrufes��oowrfgh�{���¡�yrsh��ef��yefprlpuh�¢�¡h�{�b�cb�c��o~fgh�kcic�cj�defgh�icj�klefgh�mcncdc��opzpsrfg�pufwevrfewot�lotrvofw�rfwu�opu�xyroftsz��e�rfg��sup l�~lrfg��rfeyz�povofw�eftpey�uf�tru�rto�p~yrfgc�|fwoyfewrufes�nufxoyofpo�uf��f�ryufvofwes��fgrfooyrfg�eft��~lwerfe�so�mo�osu�vofwh���bb�mopov�oyh��efzehnqrfeh�{�b�c{�c�defgh�icj�klefgh�mcncdch��uufh�nc�c�¢�pzpsrfg�pufwevrfewot��uut�rfwu�povofw��uftot��eywrpso�ueyt��z�ef�opu�xyroftsz�e��yuepqc|fwoyfewrufes�nufxoyofpo�uf��f�ryufvofwes��fgrfooyrfg�eft��~lwerfe�so�mo�osu�vofwh���bb�mopov�oyh��efzeh�nqrfeh�{�b�c{bc��e h�kc�cdcj��~h�|c�c�cj�klefgh�mcncdc�¡�lzlwov�tzfevrp�e��yuepq�wu�ofqefpo�yolu~ypol�yopzpsrfg�rf�~y�ef�prwrolc�¡lre��eprxrp�zv�ulr~v�uf�}ruwopqfusugz�xuy�delwo�nuf�oylrufh�����mopov�oyh��ufg��ufgh�nqrfeh�{�b�c{{c��~h�|c�c�cj�klefgh�mcncdcj��r�h�¡cnc�cj��uufh�nc�c��usol�ux�io�rl�eft�}y¦flwot�eprtrwz�rf�pey�uqztyewol��esuyr�ewruf�rfwuqztyu�zvowqzsx~yx~yesc�¡lre��eprxrp��zv�ulr~v�uf�}ruwopqfusugz�xuy�delwo�nuf�oylrufh�����mopov�oyh��ufg��ufgh�nqrfeh�{�b�c{�c�iooh��cj��efgh��cj�iooh��c�cj�� h��c�cj�klefgh�mcncdcj���ufh��c�c�mrxxoyofwrewruf�ux��zyuszwrp��oqe�ru~yl�ux�pyu���elwo�rf�wqo�ofqefpot�zyuszlrl�~lrfg�n�{�el�ef�rfrwres�xootlwup §�nelo�lw~tz�ux�yot��o��oyc�¡lre��eprxrp��zv�ulr~v�uf�}ruwopqfusugz�xuy�delwo�nuf�oylrufh����mopov�oyh��ufg��ufgh�nqrfeh�{�b�c{�c�iooh��cj��efgh��cj�iooh��c�cj�nquh��c�cj�klefgh�mcncdcj�� h��c�cj���ufh��c�c��fqefpot�wqoyvul�pqovrpes��yupoll�ux�srgfuposs~sulrp�ruvell�eft��uszvoy�~lo�pey�uf�tru�rto�el�yoepwruf�votr~vc�¡lre��eprxrp��zv�ulr~v�uf�}ruwopqfusugz�xuy�delwo�nuf�oylrufh����mopov�oyh��ufg��ufgh�nqrfeh�{�b�c{�c�iooh��cj��efgh��cj�iooh��c�cj�nquh��c�cj�� h��c�cj�klefgh�mcncdcj���ufh��c�c��fqefpot�ofoygz�yopu�oyz�ux��e�oy�vrss�ls~tgo�~lrfg�n�{c¡lre��eprxrp��zv�ulr~v�uf�}ruwopqfusugz�xuy�delwo�nuf�oylrufh�����mopov�oyh��ufg��ufgh�nqrfeh�{�b�c{�c�¡�eth��c�cj�defgh��cj��eyuuh��cj�|gese�rwqefeh�¡cmcj�klefgh�mcncdcj�iooh��c�cj�� h��c�c�}rupqey�oxxopwl�uf�yrpo��ettz§��owe�efeszlrlc�yt�|fwoyfewrufes�nufxoyofpo�uf�nufwevrfewot�iefth��pusugrpes�¡llollvofw�eft��ovotrewrufh�{��{���u�ov�oyh�ker�orh�ker�efh�{�b�c{�c��e©e�e lqeh�¡c¢cj�¡sevh��tc�cj�nqofh��cj�¡sollrh�mc�cj�|gese�rwqefeh�¡cmcj�klefgh�mcncdcj�� h��c�c��ovu�es�ux�qo�e�esofw�pqyuvr~v�rfe~ou~l�lus~wrufl�~lrfg��rupqeyl§�nqovrpes�eft�l�opwyulpu�rp�rf�olwrgewruflc��yt�|fwoyfewrufes�nufxoyofpo�uf�nufwevrfewot�iefth�pusugrpes�¡llollvofw�eft��ovotrewrufh�{��{���u�ov�oyh�ker�orh�ker�efh�{�b�c{�c�nqofh��c�cj�klefgh�mcncdch��~fh��cj��yeqevh��c�cmcj�� h��c�cj�irh��cmc��uwofwres�rv�epwl�eft��qzlrpu�pqovrpes�rfwoyepwrufl�ux�xsu��ep �ewoy�xyuv�qztye~srp�xyepw~yrfgc��yt�|fwoyfewrufes�nufxoyofpo�uf�nufwevrfewot�iefth��pusugrpes�¡llollvofw�eft��ovotrewrufh�{��{��u�ov�oyh�ker�orh�ker�efh�{�b�c{�c�ie~h�¡c�ckcj�klefgh�mcncdch��yeqevh��c�cmcj�� h��c�c��~yxepo�vutrxrot��rupqeyl�xuy�lwuyv�ewoy�qey�olwrfgc��yt�|fwoyfewrufes�nufxoyofpouf�nufwevrfewot�iefth��pusugrpes�¡llollvofw�eft��ovotrewrufh�{��{���u�ov�oyh�ker�orh�ker�efh�{�b�c��c��uuh��cncj�defgh�icj�}orz~efh��cj��~h�|c�c�cj�klefgh�mcncdc��opzpsrfg�lo�ego�ls~tgo�eft��elwo��uut�rfwu��rupqey�xuy�lurs�yovotrewrufc�yt�|fwoyfewrufes�nufxoyofpo�uf�nufwevrfewot�iefth��pusugrpes�¡llollvofw�eft��ovotrewrufh�{��{���u�ov�oyh�ker�orh�ker�efh�{�b�c�bc�defgh�icj�klefgh�mcncdch��uufh�nc�c��yoof�yovotrewruf�eft�yopzpsrfg�pufwevrfewot�lotrvofw��z��rfeyz�povofw�eft�pey�uf�tru�rtop~yrfgc��yt�|fwoyfewrufes�nufxoyofpo�uf�nufwevrfewot�iefth��pusugrpes�¡llollvofw�eft��ovotrewrufh�{��{���u�ov�oyh�ker�orh�ker�efh{�b�c�{c��uuh��cncj�defgh�icj�}orz~efh��cj�klefgh�mcncdc�}yu�fxrost�yovotrewruf��z��rupqey��yut~pot�xyuv�lo�ego�ls~tgo�eft�wrv�oy��elwoc��wq¡lre��eprxrp�ieftxrss��zv�ulr~vh���bb��u�ov�oyh��ufg��ufgh�nqrfeh�{�b�c��c�ievh�nc�cj��otos��rvofo�h��c�cj��l~h��cncj��~h�|c�c�cj�nqofh��c�cj�klefgh�mcncdc�|fwogyewot�srxo�pzpso�ellollvofw�eft�pulw��ofoxrwefeszlrl�ux�xuut��elwo�wyoewvofw�lpofeyrul�ew�ery�uyw§�¡��ufg��ufg�pelo�lw~tzc��wq�¡lre��eprxrp�ieftxrss��zv�ulr~vh���bb��u�ov�oyh�ufg��ufgh�nqrfeh�{�b�c��c��~h�|c�c�cj�klefgh�mcncdc�¤esuyr�ewruf�ux��yo�pufl~voy�xuut��elwo�rfwu�qztyu�zvowqzsx~yx~yesc�blw�|fwoyfewrufes�nufxoyofpo�uf}ruyolu~ypo�kopqfusugz�xuy�}ruofoygzh�}ru�yut~pwl�eft��f�ryufvofwes��~lwerfe�rsrwzh�{��{���pwu�oyh��rwgolh���erfh�{�b�c��c�|gese�rwqefeh�¡cmcj�klefgh�mcncdcj��rf so�oh��cj���ufh��cj�� h��c�c��xxopwl�ux�xuut��elwo�eft��rfo�pufo��rupqeyl�uf�wu�rp�vowesrvvu�rsr�ewruf�eft�vrpyu�res�e�~ftefpo�rf�pufwevrfewot�egyrp~sw~yes�lurslc��yt�¡lre��eprxrp�}rupqey�nufxoyofpoh�b��{���pwu�oyh�efg�ufh��uyoeh�{�b�c��c�ie~h�¡c�ckcj�klefgh�mcncdcj�� h��c�cj��rvh��c��~yxepo�vutrxrot��rupqeyl�xuy��epwoyre�yovu�es�rf��ruyowofwruf�possc��yt�¡lre��eprxrp�}rupqeynufxoyofpoh�b��{���pwu�oyh��efg�ufh��uyoeh�{�b�c��c��elqovr�etoqh�|cj��usu� uh�¤cj�klefgh�mcncdcj�nqurh��cj��r�h�¡cnc�c��fqefpot��quwupeweszwrp�epwr�rwz�~lrfg�eywrxrpres�rfuygefrp�soe�olveto�xyuv�kr�{c�n����n¡�{�b��nufxoyofpoh�{��{���o�wov�oyh�¡tosertoh�¡~lwyesreh�{�b�c��c�}orz~efh��cj�klefgh�mcncdc�|fwoyepwrufl�ux�xuut��elwo�puv�ulw��rwq�vowesl�eft�vowes�pqosefw�puv�so�ol�t~yrfg��qzwuo�wyepwrufc�b�wq|fwoyfewrufes��qzwuwopqfusugrol�nufxoyofpoh�{��{���o�wov�oyh��efg�qu~h�nqrfeh�{�b�c

Page 13: The Hong Kong Polytechnic University · 2018-09-27 · ' ( ) * + , - . - / - 0 1 2 3 4 * ( 5 6 2 0 + 6 ) 7 / 8 * 7 9 6 7 : 4 1 ) ; - / / 6 ) 7 0 5 . - 2 ) : 7 6 + 6 ) 7 4 1 ) ; -

��������� ��� ������� � �� ����� ��������������

�������� �!��"#$�%�� #�� � �� ����� � �� &���� ����&������� ��'

()*�+,-.�/*0�1234.�/*0�56234.�7*8*9*�:;6<=>?@<3.�A<B@C@?D.�23;�B@<2EEF66@B@C@?D�<G�HI7J6K�L<CF6�<G�,F2MD�AF?2C6.�32?-=2C�<=423@E�A2??F=.�23;GF=?@C@NF=6*�OPO3;�:AF=@E23�8,FA@E2C�Q<E@F?D�R2?@<32C�SFF?@34.�OTUOP�:-4-6?.�H,@C2;FC>,@2.�VQ:.�OWTX*YW*�Q-3.�Z*0�H23.�[*0�56234.�7*8*9*0�+,-.�[*0�[@.�/*7*�8<AB@3F;�<=423@E�><CC-?@<3�@3�24=@E-C?-=2C�6<@C6�G=<A�?,F�1234?NF�L@MF=�7FC?2.�8,@32*OPO3;�:AF=@E23�8,FA@E2C�Q<E@F?D�R2?@<32C�SFF?@34.�OTUOP�:-4-6?.�H,@C2;FC>,@2.�VQ:.�OWTX*YT*�Q-3.�Z*0�56234.�7*8*9*0�H23.�[*0�+,-.�[*0�[@.�/*7*�:?=2N@3F�E<3?2A@32?@<3�@3�24=@E-C?-=2C�6<@C6�G=<A�?,F�1234?NF�L@MF=�7FC?2�<G�8,@32�23;266<E@2?F;�,F2C?,�=@6\6*�OPO3;�:AF=@E23�8,FA@E2C�Q<E@F?D�R2?@<32C�SFF?@34.�OTUOP�:-4-6?.�H,@C2;FC>,@2.�VQ:.�OWTX*YO*�IF@D-23.�Z*0�56234.�7*8*9*�[F2E,2B@C@?D.�B@<2EEF66@B@C@?D�23;�=@6\�A@?@42?@<3�<G�,F2MD�AF?2C6�@3�23�FU]26?F�E<3?2A@32?F;�6<@C�2G?F=�J77Q]26,@34�E<AB@3F;�]@?,�6FCFE?@MF�;@66<C-?@<3�<=�6<@C�6?2B@C@N2?@<3*�3?F=32?@<32C�8<3GF=F3EF�<3�J3M@=<3AF3?2C�23;�_<<;�S<3@?<=@34.�T)UOOZ-CD.�2AB-=4.�aF=A23D.�OWTX*Y(*�1-.�*b*S*0�56234.�7*8*9*�c2C<=@N2?@<3�<G�G<<;�]26?F�@3?<�,D;=<dDAF?,DCG-=G-=2C*�aO8O�Y?,�:33-2C�QDA><6@-A.�TeUT)�Z-CD.�8,F34;-.8,@32.�OWTX*YY*�8,F3.�Q*Q*0�56234.�7*8*9*�aF<E,FA@6?=D�<G�AF?2C�?=236><=?�@3�,D;=2-C@E�G=2E?-=@34�GC<]B2E\�]2?F=*�OX?,�a<C;6E,A@;?�8<3GF=F3EF.�OPU(WZ-3F.�1<\<,2A2.�Z2>23.�OWTX*YP*�+,-.�/*0�56234.�7*8*9*0�1234.�/*�_2E?<=6�2GGFE?@34�?,F�2;6<=>?@<3�23;�6?2B@C@?D�<G�HI7J6�@3�><CC-?F;�6<@C*�O3;�3?F=32?@<32C�8<3GF=F3EF�<3J3M@=<3AF3?2C�H<CC-?@<3�23;�F2C?,.�T(UTP�Z-3F.�a-234N,<-.�8,@32.�OWTX*YX*�IF@D-23.�Z*0�56234.�7*8*9*0�[@.�/*7*�8<AB@3@34�B@<E,2=�23;�E<2C�GCD�26,�6?2B@C@N2?@<3�]@?,�J77QUF3,23EF;�]26,@34�<G�FU]26?FE<3?2A@32?F;�6<@C*�I@<E,2=�23;�Q-6?2@32BCF�:4=@E-C?-=2C�7FMFC<>AF3?�8<3GF=F3EF.�O(UOX�R<MFABF=.�234N,<-.�8,@32.�OWTP*Yf*�[2-.�:*1*5*0�56234.�7*8*9*�Q-=G2EFUA<;@G@F;�B@<E,2=�23;�623;�G@C?F=�G<=�6?<=A]2?F=�,2=MF6?@34�23;�?=F2?AF3?*�I@<E,2=�23;�Q-6?2@32BCF:4=@E-C?-=2C�7FMFC<>AF3?�8<3GF=F3EF.�O(UOX�R<MFABF=.�234N,<-.�8,@32.�OWTP*Ye*�9234.�[*0�56234.�7*8*9*0�H<<3.�8*Q*�LFEDEC@34�]26?F�]<<;�BD�4=FF3�EFAF3?�23;�E2=B<3�;@<d@;F�E-=@34*�e?,�R2?@<32C�8<3GF=F3EF�<3J3M@=<3AF3?2C�8,FA@6?=D.�XUe�R<MFABF=.�a-234N,<-.�8,@32.�OWTP*Y)*�[2-.�:*1*5*0�56234.�7*8*9*�I2E?F=@2C�=FA<M2C�@3�6?<=A]2?F=�B@<=F?F3?@<3�B26@36*�e?,�R2?@<32C�8<3GF=F3EF�<3�J3M@=<3AF3?2C�8,FA@6?=D.�XUe�R<MFABF=.�a-234N,<-.�8,@32.�OWTP*PW*�Q-3.�1*0�8,F3.�Q*Q*0�_F34.�1*0�56234.�7*8*9*�LFA<M2C�<G�2=6F3@E�23;�6FCF3@-A�G=<A�G=2E?-=@34�GC<]UB2E\�]2?F=�BD�+c*�e?,�R2?@<32C8<3GF=F3EF�<3�J3M@=<3AF3?2C�8,FA@6?=D.�XUe�R<MFABF=.�a-234N,<-.�8,@32.�OWTP*PT*�IF@D-23.�Z*0�56234.�7*8*9*0�[@.�/*7*�Q<@C�]26,@34�G<=�2=6F3@EUE<3?2@3@34�6<@C�@3�<34�b<34*�e?,�R2?@<32C�8<3GF=F3EF�<3�J3M@=<3AF3?2C8,FA@6?=D.�XUe�R<MFABF=.�a-234N,<-.�8,@32.�OWTP*PO*�9234.�[*0�8,F3.�Q*Q*0�56234.�7*8*9*�LFEDEC@34�?@ABF=�]26?F�@3?<�EFAF3?UB<3;F;�>2=?@ECFB<2=;�-6@34�23�@33<M2?@MF�23;�FE<UG=@F3;CDAF?,<;*�O3;�3?F=32?@<32C�8<3GF=F3EF�<3�926?F�S2324FAF3?�23;�J3M@=<3AF3?.�OWUOO�:-4-6?.�b-2C2�[-A>-=.�S2C2D6@2.�OWTP*P(*�8,F3.�Q*Q*0�1-.�*b*S*0�56234.�7*8*9*�[@GF�EDECF�266F66AF3?�<G�G<<;�]26?F�A2324FAF3?�>=2E?@EF6�@3�<34�b<34*�O3;�3?F=32?@<32C8<3GF=F3EF�<3�926?F�S2324FAF3?�23;�J3M@=<3AF3?.�OWUOO�:-4-6?.�b-2C2�[-A>-=.�S2C2D6@2.�OWTP*PY*�IF@D-23.�Z*0�7F34.�S*0�56234.�7*8*9*�JAF=4@34�2>>C@E2?@<36�<G�B@<E,2=�G<=�6?<=A]2?F=�,2=MF6?@34�23;�4=<-3;]2?F=�=FAF;@2?@<3*�T(?,3?F=32?@<32C�8<3GF=F3EF�<3�?,F�I@<4F<E,FA@6?=D�<G�5=2EF�JCFAF3?6.�TOUTX�Z-CD.�_-\-<\2.�Z2>23.�OWTP*PP*�8,F3.�Q*Q*0�56234.�7*8*9*�:66F66@34�,F2MD�AF?2C�A<B@C@?D�266<E@2?F;�]@?,�6,2CF�426�>=<;-E?@<3�@3�8,@32*�T(?,�3?F=32?@<32C�8<3GF=F3EF<3�?,F�I@<4F<E,FA@6?=D�<G�5=2EF�JCFAF3?6.�TOUTX�Z-CD.�_-\-<\2.�Z2>23.�OWTP*PX*�56234.�7*8*9*0�9234.�[*0�H<<3.�8*Q*�H=<;-E@34�3<@6FU2B6<=B@34�23;�?,F=A2CU@36-C2?@34�EFAF3?UB<3;F;�]<<;�>2=?@ECFB<2=;6�G=<A�-6F;?@ABF=�G<=A]<=\*�)?,�3?F=32?@<32C�8<3GF=F3EF�<3�?,F�J3M@=<3AF3?2C�23;�5FE,3@E2C�A>C@E2?@<36�<G�8<36?=-E?@<3�]@?,�:C?F=32?@MFS2?F=@2C6.�TWUTO�Z-3F.�Q23?23;F=.�Q>2@3.�OWTP*Pf*�9234.�[*0�56234.�7*8*9*�LFEDEC@34�?@ABF=�]26?F�@3?<�C@4,?U]F@4,?�EFAF3?UB<3;F;�]<<;�>2=?@ECFB<2=;6*�(=;�3?F=32?@<32C�8<3GF=F3EF�<3Q<C@;�926?F.�OWUO(�S2D.�<34�b<34.�8,@32.�OWTP*Pe*�56234.�7*8*9*0�9234.�[*�a=FF3�=FAF;@2?@<3�23;�=FEDEC@34�<G�E<3?2A@32?F;�6F;@AF3?K�S@d?-=F�;F6@43�23;�?=F2?AF3?�AF?,<;6�G<==F6<-=EF�=FE<MF=D*�(=;�3?F=32?@<32C�8<3GF=F3EF�<3�Q<C@;�926?F.�OWUO(�S2D.�<34�b<34.�8,@32.�OWTP*P)*�1-.�*b*S*0�8,F3.�Q*Q*0�56234.�7*8*9*�_<<;�]26?F�A2324FAF3?�@3�<34�b<34K�8F3?=2C@NF;�<=�;FEF3?=2C@NF;g�:32F=<B@E�;@4F6?@<3.E<A><6?@34.�<=�C23;G@CC�;@6><62Cg�(=;�3?F=32?@<32C�8<3GF=F3EF�<3�Q<C@;�926?F.�OWUO(�S2D.�<34�b<34.�8,@32.�OWTP*XW*�8,F3.�Q*Q*0�56234.�7*8*9*�_=2E\@34�]26?F]2?F=�@A>2E?�23;�A@?@42?@<3K�F2MD�AF?2C�A<B@C@?D�23;�>F=AF2BCF�=F2E?@MF�B2==@F=�=FAF;@2?@<3*(=;�3?F=32?@<32C�8<3GF=F3EF�<3�Q<C@;�926?F.�OWUO(�S2D.�<34�b<34.�8,@32.�OWTP*XT*�7F34.�S*0�8,F3.�Q*Q*0�56234.�7*8*9*�Q-=G2EFUA<;@G@F;�B@<E,2=�G<=�B2E?F=@2�23;�AF?2C�=FA<M2C�;-=@34�6?<=A]2?F=�,2=MF6?@34*�O3;3?F=32?@<32C�8<3GF=F3EF�<3�I@<E,2=�23;�a=FF3�:4=@E-C?-=F�hI@<a=2i.�TYUTe�:>=@C.�R23j@34.�8,@32.�OWTP*XO*�7F34.�S*0�56234.�7*8*9*�A>=<M@34�6?<=A]2?F=�k-2C@?D�BD�B@<=F?F3?@<3�B26@36K�Q-=G2EFUA<;@G@F;�623;�G@C?F=6�G<=�B2E?F=@2�=FA<M2C*�9:�(=;92?F=�LF6F2=E,�8<3GF=F3EF.�TTUTP�Z23-2=D.�Q,F3N,F3.�8,@32.�OWTP*X(*�8,F3.�Q*Q*0�56234.�7*8*9*�;F3?@G@E2?@<3�23;�266F66AF3?�<G�]2?F=�=@6\6�266<E@2?F;�]@?,�6,2CF�426�>=<;-E?@<3�@3�8,@32*�O3;�3?F=32?@<32C8<3GF=F3EF�<3�Q-6?2@32BCF�V=B23@N2?@<3.�fU)�Z23-2=D�OWTP.�<34�b<34.�8,@32*XY*�7F34.�S*0�56234.�7*8*9*�J3,23E@34�=FA<M2C�<G�J*�8<C@�BD�B@<=F?F3?@<3�B26@36�;-=@34�@3?F=A@??F3?�6?<=A]2?F=�@3G@C?=2?@<3*�O3;�3?F=32?@<32C8<3GF=F3EF�<3�Q-6?2@32BCF�V=B23@N2?@<3.�fU)�Z23-2=D�OWTP.�<34�b<34.�8,@32*XP*�56234.�7*8*9*�I@<E,2=�23;�E<A><6?�G<=�6<@C�=FAF;@2?@<3K�5<]2=;6�F3,23EF;�FGGFE?@MF3F66�23;�=F;-EF;�CF2E,@34*�Y?,�8,@32�I@<E,2=9<=\6,<>.�TOUTY�lE?<BF=.�234N,<-.�8,@32.�OWTY*XX*�IF@D-23.�Z*0�1@>.�:*8*b*0�56234.�7*8*9*�S@?@42?@34�4=<-3;]2?F=�><CC-?@<3�G=<A�FU]26?F�E<3?2A@32?F;�6@?F6�BD�>F=AF2BCF�=F2E?@MF�B2==@F=6*O3;�3?F=32?@<32C�8<3GF=F3EF�<3�8<3?2A@32?F;�[23;.�JE<C<4@E2C�:66F66AF3?�23;�LFAF;@2?@<3�h8[J:Li.�PUe�lE?<BF=.�8,-3E,F<3.b<=F2.�OWTY*Xf*�IF@D-23.�Z*0�56234.�7*8*9*�7<F6�E,FC23?UF3,23EF;�]26,@34�G2E@C@?2?F�<=�@3,@B@?�6-B6Fk-F3?�6?2B@C@N2?@<3�<G�AF?2CUE<3?2A@32?F;�6<@C6g�O3;3?F=32?@<32C�8<3GF=F3EF�<3�8<3?2A@32?F;�[23;.�JE<C<4@E2C�:66F66AF3?�23;�LFAF;@2?@<3�h8[J:Li.�PUe�lE?<BF=.�8,-3E,F<3.�b<=F2.OWTY*Xe*�IF@D-23.�Z*0�56234.�7*8*9*�_2E@C@?2?@34�=FAF;@2?@<3�<G�FU]26?F�=FEDEC@34�23;�?@ABF=�?=F2?AF3?�E<3?2A@32?F;�6<@C6�BD�6FCFE?@MF�;@66<C-?@<3>=F?=F2?AF3?*�O3;�3?F=32?@<32C�8<3GF=F3EF�<3�8<3?2A@32?F;�[23;.�JE<C<4@E2C�:66F66AF3?�23;�LFAF;@2?@<3�h8[J:Li.�PUe�lE?<BF=.8,-3E,F<3.�b<=F2.�OWTY*X)*�56234.�7*8*9*�3?F=2E?@<3�AFE,23@6A6�<G�HB�23;�J77Q�<3�@=<3�<d@;F6�U�A>C@E2?@<36�G<=�6<@C�=FAF;@2?@<3*�Tf?,�3?F=32?@<32C�8<3GF=F3EF<3�F2MD�AF?2C6�@3�?,F�J3M@=<3AF3?.�OOUOX�QF>?FABF=.�a-@D234.�8,@32.�OWTY*fW*�56234.�7*8*9*0�IF@D-23.�Z*�LFAF;@2?@<3�<G�AF?2CUE<3?2A@32?F;�6<@C6�U�5<�Fd?=2E?�<=�?<�6?2B@C@NF.�<=�B<?,g�3?F=32?@<32C�QDA><6@-A�<3J3M@=<3AF3?�23;�F2C?,�OWTY.�YUP�Z-CD.�IF@j@34.�8,@32.�OWTY*fT*�IF@D-23.�Z*0�Q@-.�R*9**0�56234.�7*8*9*�_2E@C@?2?@34�=FAF;@2?@<3�<G�FU]26?F�E<3?2A@32?F;�6<@C�BD�A@dF;�E,FC23?6�23;�;@GGF=F3?�]26,@346E,FAF6*�OW?,�9<=C;�8<34=F66�<3�Q<@C�QE@F3EF.�eUT(�Z-3F.�ZFj-.�b<=F2.�OWTY*fO*�IF@D-23.�Z*0�9-.�Z*b*Q*0�56234.�7*8*9*�3?F=2E?@<36�<G�G<<;�]26?F�E<A><6?�]@?,�AF?2C6�23;�AF?2CUE,FC23?�E<A>CFdF6�;-=@34�6<@C=FAF;@2?@<3*�OW?,�9<=C;�8<34=F66�<3�Q<@C�QE@F3EF.�eUT(�Z-3F.�ZFj-.�b<=F2.�OWTY*f(*�+,-.�Q*R*0�b<.�Z*8*1*0�56234.�7*8*9*�LFA<M2C�<G�6<;@-A�;<;FEDC�BF3NF3F�6-C>,<32?F�@3�4=FD]2?F=�-6@34�NF=<M2CF3?�@=<3UAF;@2?F;_F3?<3m6�=F2E?@<3*�9:�8<3GF=F3EFK�H=F?=F2?AF3?�<G�92?F=�23;�926?F]2?F=.�TeUOT�S2D.�Q,234,2@.�8,@32.�OWTY*fY*�56234.�7*8*9*0�lC;6.�9*J*�SF?2C�=FA<M2C�@3�2E@;�A@3F�;=2@324F�?=F2?AF3?�F3,23EF;�BD�C@43@?FU;F=@MF;�,-A@E�6-B6?23EF6*�9:8<3GF=F3EFK�SF?2C6�@3�92?F=UF2C?,�H=<?FE?@<3�23;�Q-6?2@32B@C@?D�?,=<-4,�5FE,3@E2C�33<M2?@<3.�XU)�R<MFABF=.�Q,234,2@.�8,@32.�OWT(*fP*�56234.�7*8*9*0�9234.�1*�L<CF6�<G�6<C-?@<3�E,FA@6?=D�@3�2=6F32?F�=FA<M2C�BD�C<]UE<6?�2;6<=BF3?6*�9:�8<3GF=F3EFK�SF?2C6�@3�92?F=UF2C?,�H=<?FE?@<3�23;�Q-6?2@32B@C@?D�?,=<-4,�5FE,3@E2C�33<M2?@<3.�XU)�R<MFABF=.�Q,234,2@.�8,@32.�OWT(*fX*�56234.�7*8*9*0�92\FG@FC;.�S*[*�3U6@?-�6?2B@C@N2?@<3�<G�E<3?2A@32?F;�6F;@AF3?�]@?,�C<]UE<6?�2;6<=BF3?6*�T6?�8=<66UQ?=2@?�9<=\6,<>�<3�?,F8<26?2C�QE@F3EF6�23;�Q-6?2@32BCF�7FMFC<>AF3?.�O)U(T�:-4-6?.�123?2@.�8,@32.�OWT(*ff*�S2E7<32C;.�S*Z*0�56234.�7*8*9*0�1@>.�:*8*b*�7FE<C<-=@62?@<3�<G�AF?,DCF3F�BC-F�6<C-?@<3�BD�>,<?<U_F3?<3�>=<EF66�<MF=�_FnS[UYf*�)?,9<=C;�8<34=F66�<G�8,FA@E2C�J34@3FF=@34.�TeUO(�:-4-6?.�QF<-C.�b<=F2.�OWT(*fe*�56234.�7*8*9*0�52DC<=.�Z*Q*�:66F66@34�23;�E<AA-3@E2?@34�?,F�6-6?2@32B@C@?D�<G�C23;�=FAF;@2?@<3�<>?@<36*�3?F=32?@<32C�8<3GF=F3EF�<3J3M@=<3AF3?2C�23;�2N2=;<-6�Q-B6?23EF�S2324FAF3?�?<]2=;6�2�a=FF3�JE<3<AD.�OTUO(�S2D.�I234\<\.�5,2@C23;.�OWT(*f)*�56234.�7*8*9*0�9234.�1*0�:B;-C�L2,A23.�:*0�L<66.�7*�V?@C@N@34�@3;-6?=@2C�]26?F�A2?F=@2C6�@3�>F=AF2BCF�=F2E?@MF�B2==@F=�G<=�>,<6>,<=-6=FA<M2C*�3?F=32?@<32C�8<3GF=F3EF�<3�Q<C@;�926?F�OWT(.�PU)�S2D.�<34�b<34.�8,@32.�OWT(*eW*�56234.�7*8*9*0�/-.�:*1*0�:CU5-,2G@.�:*�926?F�A2?F=@2C6�G<=�@3U6@?-�6?2B@C@N2?@<3�<G�E<3?2A@32?F;�6<@CK�58[H�23;�E<3?@3-<-6�CF2E,@34*3?F=32?@<32C�8<3GF=F3EF�<3�Q<C@;�926?F�OWT(.�PU)�S2D.�<34�b<34.�8,@32.�OWT(*eT*�56234.�7*8*9*�5=236><=?�<G�AF?2CUE,FC23?�E<A>CFdF6K�8<3EF>?-2C�G=2AF]<=\�23;�A2?,FA2?@E2C�A<;FC*�T6?�3?F=32?@<32C�8<3GF=F3EF�<38<3?2A@32?F;�[23;.�JE<C<4@E2C�:66F66AF3?�23;�LFAF;@2?@<3�h8[J:Li.�YUe�R<MFABF=.�234N,<-.�8,@32.�OWTO*eO*�[-<.�8*0�[F6?23.�7*0�56234.�7*8*9*0�Q,F3.�+*0�[@.�/*7*�I@<;F4=2;2BCF�E,FC2?@34�24F3?6�@3�?,F�=FAF;@2?@<3�<G�AF?2CUE<3?2A@32?F;�6<@C6*�T6?3?F=32?@<32C�8<3GF=F3EF�<3�8<3?2A@32?F;�[23;.�JE<C<4@E2C�:66F66AF3?�23;�LFAF;@2?@<3�h8[J:Li.�YUe�R<MFABF=.�234N,<-.�8,@32.OWTO*e(*�56234.�7*8*9*0�lC;6.�9*J*�:>>C@E2?@<3�<G�]26?F�A2?F=@2C6�G=<A�E<2C�@3;-6?=D�G<=�?@ABF=�?=F2?AF3?�6@?F�=FAF;@2?@<3*�OYO3;�:AF=@E238,FA@E2C�Q<E@F?D�R2?@<32C�SFF?@34�o�Jd><6@?@<3.�Oe�:-4-6?UT�QF>?FABF=.�7F3MF=.�8l.�VQ:.�OWTT*eY*�56234.�7*8*9*0�lC;6.�9*J*�Jd?=2E?@<3�<=�@AA<B@C@N2?@<3�2>>=<2E,�G<=�?@ABF=�?=F2?AF3?�6@?F�=FAF;@2?@<3g�:�6?-;D�<G�><6?U?=F2?AF3?CF2E,2B@C@?DnB@<2M2@C2B@C@?D*�TP?,�3?F=32?@<32C�QDA><6@-A�<3�5<d@E@?D�:66F66AF3?.�(Ue�Z-CD.�<34�b<34.�8,@32.�OWTT*eP*�2=?CFD.�R*L*0�56234.�7*8*9*0�lC;6.�9*J*�Q-6?2@32BCF�23;�B@<;F4=2;2BCF�A2?F=@2C6�G<=�?@ABF=�?=F2?AF3?�6@?F�=FAF;@2?@<3*�OYT6?�:AF=@E238,FA@E2C�Q<E@F?D�R2?@<32C�SFF?@34�o�Jd><6@?@<3.�OfU(T�S2=E,.�:32,F@A.�8:.�VQ:.�OWTT*eX*�56234.�7*8*9*0�+,234.�I**�QFCFE?@MF�=FA<M2C�<G�32>,?,2CF3F�G=<A�3<3U@<3@E�23;�23@<3@E�6-=G2E?23?6�-6@34�2E?@M2?F;�E2=B<3*J3M@=<3AF3?2C�H<CC-?@<3�23;�H-BC@E�F2C?,.�OTUO(�Z-3F.�8,F34;-.�8,@32.�OWTW*ef*�56234.�7*8*9*0�lC;6.�9*J*�:E?@M2?F;�E2=B<3�>F=AF2BCF�=F2E?@MF�B2==@F=�G<=�H: �=FA<M2CK�3GC-F3EF�<G�,-A@E�2E@;.�@3<=423@E�E<CC<@;6.�23;3<3@<3@En23@<3@E�6-=G2E?23?6*�:6@2nH2E@G@E�8,2>?F=�<G�?,F�Q<E@F?D�<G�J3M@=<3AF3?2C�5<d@E<C<4D�23;�8,FA@6?=D�OWTW�8<3GF=F3EF.�YUf�Z-3F.a-234N,<-.�8,@32.�OWTW*ee*�56234.�7*8*9*�SF?2C�E<A>CFd2?@<3�]@?,�;@66<CMF;�<=423@E�A2??F=�@3�6<@C�23;�4=<-3;]2?F=�=FAF;@2?@<3*�O()?,�:AF=@E23�8,FA@E2C�Q<E@F?DR2?@<32C�SFF?@34�o�Jd><6@?@<3.�OTUOP�S2=E,.�Q23�_=23E@6E<.�8:.�VQ:.�OWTW*e)*�56234.�7*8*9*�Q-6?2@32B@C@?D�E<3EF=3�<G�E<3?2A@32?F;�6@?F�=FAF;@2?@<3*�926?FSR+�OT6?�:33-2C�8<3GF=F3EF�o�Jd><.�TYUTX�lE?<BF=.8,=@6?E,-=E,.�RF]�+F2C23;.�OWW)*)W*�56234.�7*8*9*�8,FA@E2CUF3,23EF;�6<@C�]26,@34�G<=�C23;�;FE<3?2A@32?@<3*�926?FSR+�OT6?�:33-2C�8<3GF=F3EF�o�Jd><.�TYUTX�lE?<BF=.8,=@6?E,-=E,.�RF]�+F2C23;.�OWW)*

Page 14: The Hong Kong Polytechnic University · 2018-09-27 · ' ( ) * + , - . - / - 0 1 2 3 4 * ( 5 6 2 0 + 6 ) 7 / 8 * 7 9 6 7 : 4 1 ) ; - / / 6 ) 7 0 5 . - 2 ) : 7 6 + 6 ) 7 4 1 ) ; -

��������� ��� ������� � �� ����� ��������������

�������� �!��"#$�%�� #�� � �� ����� � �� &���� ����&������� '�'

()*�+,-./0�1*2*3*4�56-7-80�9*:*1*4�;<0�=*>*2*�27?<[email protected]�7DC6<E-6F<.,�6B8<G-?�FD�HB6<IG-?B.A�@6<.J�KLLBEA,�<L�7M8@E�-E@C�-//6B/-A@<.*+7@6C�=.AB6.-A@<.-?�2<[email protected]�N@AB�OB8BC@-A@<.�2<.LB6B.EB0�PQIRS�NBTAB8FB60�UCB?-@CB0�UM,A6-?@-0�PSS(*(P*�+,-./0�1*2*3*�>M?A@IE6@AB6@-�-.-?D,@,�<L�A7B�,M,[email protected]@?@AD�<L�6B8BC@-A@<.�-?AB6.-A@GB,*�+7@6C�=.AB6.-A@<.-?�2<[email protected]�N@AB�OB8BC@-A@<.2<.LB6B.EB0�PQIRS�NBTAB8FB60�UCB?-@CB0�UM,A6-?@-0�PSS(*(R*�+,-./0�1*2*3*�><CB?@./�A7B�E7B?-.AIB.7-.EBC�BVA6-EA@<.�-.C�A6-.,T<6A�<L�7B-GD�8BA-?,�@.�A7B�,MF,M6L-EB*�+7@6C�=.AB6.-A@<.-?2<[email protected]�N@AB�OB8BC@-A@<.�2<.LB6B.EB0�PQIRS�NBTAB8FB60�UCB?-@CB0�UM,A6-?@-0�PSS(*(W*�+,-./0�1*2*3*�X,@./�8BA-?�C@,A6@FMA@<.�-.-?D,@,�<L�,<@?,�A<�L-E@?@A-AB�8<CB?@./�<L�E-C8@M8�A6-.,T<6A�@.�,MF,M6L-EB�B.G@6<.8B.A*�PSSY9Z[N�\�>N9Z�:<@.A�U..M-?�2<.LB6B.EB�)YIPS�9<GB8FB60�N7-.ADA<].56BD8<MA70�9B]�ZB-?-.C0�PSSY*(_*�+,-./0�1*2*3*4�;<0�=*>*2*4�56-7-80�9*:*1*�B6E7?<6<BA7B.B�-.C�E76<8@M8�6B8<G-?�L6<8�7M8@E�-E@CIE<.A-@.@./�/6<M.C]-AB6�FD�HB6<IG-?B.A�@6<.�,D,AB8,*�K.G@6<.8B.A-?�<??MA@<.�-.C�MF?@E�[B-?A70�)WI)a�:M.B0�bB@c@./0�[email protected]�PSS(*(a*�+,-./0�1*2*3*4�;<0�=*>*2*4�56-7-80�9*:*1*�7D,@E<E7B8@E-?�E7-6-EAB6@,A@E,�<L�7M8@E�-E@C�-//6B/-AB,�L<68BC�@.�HB6<IG-?B.A�@6<.�,D,AB8,*=.AB6.-A@<.-?�ND8T<,@M8�<.�K.G@6<.8B.A-?�[email protected]�-.C�+BE7.<?</D0�PI_�:M.B0�N7-./7-@0�[email protected]�PSS(*(Q*�d@T0�+*2*>*4�+,-./0�1*2*3*4�;<0�=*>*2*�+7B�6<?B,�<L�<6/-.@E�8-AAB6�-.C�,<@?�[email protected]?,�<.�8BA-?�BVA6-EA@<.�[email protected]@E,�M.CB6�-�E<.C@A@<.�<LK11N�CBL@[email protected]�@.�-�,<@?�L?M,7@./*�PSS(�=.AB6.-A@<.-?�ND8T<,@M8�<.�K.G@6<.8B.A-?�[email protected]�-.C�+BE7.<?</D0�PI_�:M.B0�N7-./7-@[email protected]�PSS(*(Y*�+,-./0�1*2*3*4�d@T0�+*2*>*4�;<0�=*>*2*�[email protected]@E�@.AB6-EA@<.�-.C�,TBE@-A@<.�<L�K11N�E<8T?BVB,�@.�,<@?,,[email protected],*�g@LA7�=.AB6.-A@<.-?2<.LB6B.EB�<.�OB8BC@-A@<.�<L�2<[email protected][email protected],0�PI_�gBF6M-6D0�:-Ee,<.G@??B0�g;0�XNU0�PSS(*((*�+,-./0�1*2*3*4�;<0�=*>*2*4�;-@0�f*2*f*�2<.GB6,@<.�<L�]<<C�]-,AB�@.A<�-EA@G-ABC�E-6F<.�-.C�@A,�-TT?@E-A@<.*�3-,AB>=9Z�PSA7�U..M-?2<.LB6B.EB�\�KVT<0�_IQ�9<GB8FB60�b?B.7B@80�9B]�ZB-?-.C0�PSSY*)SS*�;<0�=*>*2*4�d@T0�+*2*>*4�+,-./0�1*2*3*4�9/0�f*+*3*�b-AE7�[email protected]@E�,AMCD�-.C�,BhMB.A@-?�BVA6-EA@<.�<L�8BA-?,�FD�8BA-?IK11N�-.C�L6BBIK11N�M.CB6�?@8@ABC�C<,-/B*�),A�=.AB6.-A@<.-?�2<.LB6B.EB�<.�[-H-6C<M,�3-,AB�>-.-/B8B.A0�)IR�iEA<FB60�27-.@-I26BAB0�56BBEB0�PSSY*)S)*�;<0�=*>*2*4�d@T0�+*2*>*4�+,-./0�1*2*3*�>BA-?�BVA6-EA@<.�L6<8�E<[email protected]�,<@?,�FD�K11N�]-,7@./�M.CB6�K11N�BVEB,,�E<.C@A@<.,*�+7Bg<M6A7�ND8T<,@M8�<.�NM,[email protected]?B�1BGB?<T8B.AI2<<TB6-A@<.�-8<./�[<./�f<./0�>-E-M�-.C�5M-./C<./0�P_IPY�NBTAB8FB605M-./H7<M0�[email protected]�PSSY*)SP*�+,-./0�1*2*3*4�d@T0�+*2*>*4�;<0�=*>*2*�UC,<6TA@<.�-.C�8BA-?�BVE7-./B�<L�8BA-?IK11N�E<8T?BVB,�@.�M.E<[email protected]�-.C�8BA-?IE<[email protected]�,<@?,*�(A7�=.AB6.-A@<.-?�ND8T<,@M8�<.�K.G@6<.8B.A-?�5B<ABE7.<?</D�-.C�5?<F-?�NM,[email protected]?B�1BGB?<T8B.A0�)IW�:M.B0�[<./f<./0�[email protected]�PSSY*)SR*�d@T0�+*2*>*4�+,-./0�1*2*3*4�;<0�=*>*2*�K11N�-C,<6TA@<.�-.C�7B-GD�8BA-?�BVA6-EA@<.�-A�G-6@<M,�K11NIA<I8BA-?�8<?-6�6-A@<,*�(A7=.AB6.-A@<.-?�ND8T<,@M8�<.�K.G@6<.8B.A-?�5B<ABE7.<?</D�-.C�5?<F-?�NM,[email protected]?B�1BGB?<T8B.A0�)IW�:M.B0�[<./�f<./0�[email protected]�PSSY*)SW*�+,-./0�1*2*3*4�;<0�=*>*2*�2<8F@.@./�F-AE7�[email protected]@E,0�E<?M8.�AB,A,�-.C�,BhMB.A@-?�BVA6-EA@<.�L<6�A7B�,AMCD�<L�E<8TBA@A@GB�2M�-.C�2C,<6TA@<.�-.C�A6-.,T<6A�@.�,<@?,*�=.AB6.-A@<.-?�2<.LB6B.EB�<.�=.L6-,A6MEAM6B�1BGB?<T8B.A�-.C�A7B�K.G@6<.8B.A0�)SI)_�NBTAB8FB60�UFMc-09@/B6@-0�PSSa*)S_*�Z7-./0�3*4�+,-./0�1*2*3*4�;<0�=*>*2*�27B8@E-?IB.7-.EBC�,<@?�]-,7@./�L<6�F�-.C�>1g�6B8<G-?�-.C�A7B@6�T7D,@<E7B8@E-?�@.AB6-EA@<.,*=.AB6.-A@<.-?�2<.LB6B.EB�<.�=.L6-,A6MEAM6B�1BGB?<T8B.A�-.C�A7B�K.G@6<.8B.A0�)SI)_�NBTAB8FB60�UFMc-0�9@/B6@-0�PSSa*)Sa*�+,-./0�1*2*3*4�Z7-./0�3*4�;<0�=*>*2*�+6-.,T<6A�FB7-G@<6�<L�7B-GD�8BA-?,�CM6@./�L?M,7@./�<L�E<TTB6IE<[email protected]�,<@?�E<?M8.,�M,@./K1+U*�=.AB6.-A@<.-?�2<.LB6B.EB�<.�OB8BC@-A@<.�-.C�>-.-/B8B.A�<L�2<[email protected]�;-.CJ�g<EM,�<.�U,@-0�b6<].L@B?C�U,@-�PSSa0�_IQNBTAB8FB60�fM-?-�;M8TM60�>-?-D,@-0�PSSa*)SQ*�Z7-./0�3*4�+,-./0�1*2*3*4�;<0�=*>*2*�K1+UIB.7-.EBC�,<@?�]-,7@./�L<6�?B-C�6B8<G-?�@.�A7B�T6B,B.EB�<L�>1g�-.C�N1N*�=.AB6.-A@<.-?2<.LB6B.EB�<.�OB8BC@-A@<.�-.C�>-.-/B8B.A�<L�2<[email protected]�;-.CJ�g<EM,�<.�U,@-0�b6<].L@B?C�U,@-�PSSa0�_IQ�NBTAB8FB60�fM-?-;M8TM60�>-?-D,@-0�PSSa*)SY*�+,-./0�1*2*3*4�;<0�=*>*2*4�=.D-./0�[*=*�[email protected],,�<L�K1+UIL?M,7@./�<L�E<TTB6�E<[email protected]�,<@?,*�=.AB6.-A@<.-?�2<.LB6B.EB�<.K.B6/D0�K.G@6<.8B.A�-.C�1@,-,AB6,0�PWIRS�:M?D0�27-6?<AAB0�920�XNU0�PSS_*)S(*�;<0�=*>*2*4�+,-./0�1*2*3*�jB?<E@AD�BLLBEA�<L�A7B�.<.IBhM@?@F6@M8�A6-.,T<6A�<L�E-C8@M8�@.�,-AM6-ABC�,<@?,*�+7B�QA7�=.AB6.-A@<.-?�ND8T<,@M8<.�K.G@6<.8B.A-?�5B<ABE7.<?</D�-.C�5?<F-?�NM,[email protected]?B�1BGB?<T8B.A0�YI)S�:M.B0�[B?,@.e@0�g@.?-.C0�PSSW*))S*�+,-./0�1*2*3*4�;<0�=*>*2*�N<6TA@<.�BhM@?@F6@M8�-.C�.<.BhM@?@F6@M8�<L�E-C8@M8�A6-.,T<6A�@.�,-AM6-ABC�,<@?,*�YA7�=.AB6.-A@<.-?�gZf+9i2<.LB6B.EB<.2<[email protected]<@?)PI)a>-D57B.AbB?/@M8 PSSR+7B�[<./�f<./�<?DABE7.@E�X.@GB6,@AD

Page 15: The Hong Kong Polytechnic University · 2018-09-27 · ' ( ) * + , - . - / - 0 1 2 3 4 * ( 5 6 2 0 + 6 ) 7 / 8 * 7 9 6 7 : 4 1 ) ; - / / 6 ) 7 0 5 . - 2 ) : 7 6 + 6 ) 7 4 1 ) ; -

��������� ��� ����������

������������������� �������� �������� ��

!"#$%&�'()(�*+"#,-./01�23 43536789�:0.;<861</=5 >0=?<=@ :7/A355</=6;�438/@=<1</= :7/A355</=6;�B37C<83 D3689<=@ E=<C375<1F�B37C<83 2/73GHIJHKKLKM�NJOPQRL�RS�TRURVWSU�XOL�YWHUQKSJS�OX�ZRV[K\]MMKM�TQK JPRVS_�RHOK[aLJHI�Y[LXRPKb[HPUJOHRVJUJKS�RHM�cOLK�YUL[PU[LKd�eOHI�fOHI�gKSKRLPQ�hLRHUS�TO[HPJV�ighTjk�hKHKLRV�gKSKRLPQ�b[HMihgbjk�k�lmno\lmlldeOVJSUJP�pHaKSUJIRUJOH�OX�bRUK�RHM�NKQRaJO[L�OX�G KLIJHI�TOHUR JHRHUS�JH�TO qVKr�GHaJLOH KHURVRULJPKSd�eOHI�fOHI�gKSKRLPQ�hLRHUS�TO[HPJV�ighTjk�GTsghT�TOVVRtOLRUJOH�YPQK Kk�k�lmnu\lmlndGHQRHPJHI�vRUKL�gKSJVJKHPK�wJUQ�NV[K\hLKKH�pHXLRSUL[PU[LK_�]�cJVOU\SPRVK�YU[MW�OH�NJOLKUKHUJOH�YWSUK SXOL�YUOLwRUKL�eRLaKSUJHI�JH�xKw�yKaKVOq KHU�]LKRSd�eOHI�fOHI�GHaJLOH KHU�RHM�TOHSKLaRUJOH�b[HMiGTbjk k�lmnu\lmlndzQK�{LM�pHUKLHRUJOHRV�TOHXKLKHPK�OH�NJOLKSO[LPKSk�GHKLIWk�GHaJLOH KHUk�RHM�RUKLJRVS�zKPQHOVOIWiNGG lmnojd�eOHI�fOHI�GHaJLOH KHU�RHM�TOHSKLaRUJOH�b[HM�iGTbjk�k�lmnu\lmnodxRHO RUKLJRVS\JqLKIHRUKM�NJOPQRL�XOL�vRSUKwRUKL�zLKRUKHUd�TQJHR�xRUJOHRV�cOSUMOPUOLRV�TO[HPJVkeOHI�fOHI�YPQOVRLS�cLOILR k�k�lmnu\lmlmdhLKKH�gKPWPVJHI�OX�yLKMIKM�TOHUR JHRUKM�RLJHK�YKMJKHU�JHUO�GPO\bLJKHMVW�cRaJHI�NVOP|Sd�eOHIfOHI�gKSKRLPQ�hLRHUS�TO[HPJV�ighTjk�hKHKLRV�gKSKRLPQ�b[HM�ihgbjk�k�lmnu\lmlndZRV[K\RMMKM�TOVVKPUJaK�gKPWPVJHI�OX�vRSUK�cVRSUJP�RHM�vRSUK�zWLK�g[ttKL�JHUO�y[LRtVK�]SqQRVUcRaK KHUSd�eOHI�fOHI�GHaJLOH KHU�RHM�TOHSKLaRUJOH�b[HM�iGTbjk� k�lmnu\lmlmdzQK�}UQ�pHUKLHRUJOHRV�TOHXKLKHPK�OH�TOHUR JHRUKM�~RHMk�GPOVOIJPRV�]SSKSS KHU�RHM�gK KMJRUJOH�lmnuiT~G]glmnujd�eOHI�fOHI�GHaJLOH KHU�RHM�TOHSKLaRUJOH�b[HM�iGTbjk�k�lmn�\lmnudvRSUK�RHRIK KHU�RHM�gKPWPVJHI�XOL�Y[SURJHRtVK��LtRH�yKaKVOq KHUd�NKVU�RHM�gORM�gKSKRLPQbKVVOwSQJqk�k�lmn�\lmnudY[SURJHRtVK�RHM�pHHOaRUJaK�xRU[LRV�gKSO[LPK�RHRIK KHU�iYpxgK jd�G[LOqKRH�TO JSSJOH�XOLGLRS [S�[HM[S�X[HMJHIk�xOH\G[LOqKRH�cRLUHKLk�lmnu\lmlldyKaKVOq KHU�OX�]�xOaKV�GHKLIW\KXXJPJKHU�xJULOIKH�gK OaRV�zKPQHOVOIW_�]�zKPQHO\GPOHO JP]SSKSS KHU�OX�zLKRUJHI�bOOM�vRSUK�yJIKSURUKd�eOHI�fOHI�GHaJLOH KHU�RHM�TOHSKLaRUJOH�b[HM�iGTbjkk�lmn�\lmnodYWHKLIJSJHI�pHUKLHRUJOHRV�gKSKRLPQ�YU[MJKS�JHUO�UQK�GHaJLOH KHURV�bRUK�RHM�NKQRaJO[L�OX�zOrJP��LIRHJPTQK JPRVS�JH�UQK�vRSUK�YULKR d�G[LOqKRH�TO JSSJOH�\�gKSKRLPQ���pHHOaRUJOHk�G��eOLJ�OH�lmlmk� klmn�\lmlmd[VUJ\SPRVK�YU[MJKS�OX�TOHUR JHRHU�YVOw\LKVKRSK�NKQRaJOL�JH�~Ow\qKLKRtJVJUW�KMJRd�xRU[LRV�YPJKHPKbO[HMRUJOH�OX�TQJHR�ixYbTjk�hKHKLRV�gKSKRLPQ�cLOILR Kk� �lmn�\lmlmdyKaKVOqJHI�R�eJIQ\zQLO[IQq[U�ZKIKURtVK�vRSUK�ZRVOLJSRUJOH�zKPQHOVOIW�UO�cLOM[PK�eJIQ\ZRV[K�hLKKHY[tSUJU[UKS�OX�cKULOVK[ �yKLJaRUJaKSd�eOHI�fOHI�GHaJLOH KHU�RHM�TOHSKLaRUJOH�b[HM�iGTbjk�k�lmn�\lmnudzQK�lHM�pHUKLHRUJOHRV�TOHXKLKHPK�OH�NJOVOIJPRV�vRSUK�RS�gKSO[LPK�lmn��iNvglmn�jd�eOHI�fOHIGHaJLOH KHU�RHM�TOHSKLaRUJOH�b[HM�iGTbjk�k�lmn�\lmn�dzQK�lHM�pHUKLHRUJOHRV�TOHXKLKHPK�OH�NJOVOIJPRV�vRSUK�RS�gKSO[LPK�lmn��iNvglmn�jd�fdTd�vOHIGM[PRUJOH�bO[HMRUJOHk�k�lmn�\lmn�dpHUKILRUJHI�NJOMKILRMRtVK�TQKVRHU\GHQRHPKM�KURV�GrULRPUJOH�wJUQ�NJOPQRL�YOJV�] KHM KHU�XOL�~Ow\pqRPU�gK KMJRUJOHd�eOHI�fOHI�gKSKRLPQ�hLRHUS�TO[HPJV�ighTjk�hKHKLRV�gKSKRLPQ�b[HM�ihgbjk�klmn�\lmnodvRSUKwRUKL\MKLJaKM�GHKLIW�XOL�Y RLU�zOwHSd�pHHOaRUJOH�RHM�zKPQHOVOIW�Y[qqOLU�cLOILR K�ipzbk�zJKLljk� k�lmn�\lmnudbKRSJtJVJUW�OX�N[JVMJHI�vRL�Jr�]SqQRVU�cRaK KHUS��SJHI�YWHUQKUJP��KOVJUK�yKLJaKM�XLO �YKwRIKYV[MIK�]SQd�eOHI�fOHI�GHaJLOH KHU�RHM�TOHSKLaRUJOH�b[HM�iGTbjk� �lmn�\lmnudzLRHSXOLJHI�bOOM�vRSUK�RU�UQK�eOHI�fOHI�pHUKLHRUJOHRV�]JLqOLU�JHUO�ZRV[K\]MMKM�TQK JPRVSd�eOHIfOHI�pHUKLHRUJOHRV�]JLqOLU�iefp]j�GHaJLOH KHURV�b[HMk� �lmn�\lmn�dNRPUKLJR�gK OaRV�tW�Y[LXRPK\OMJXJKM�hKO KMJR�JH�NJOLKUKHUJOH�NRSJHSd�eOHI�fOHI�gKSKRLPQ�hLRHUSTO[HPJV�ighTjk�eOHI�fOHI�cQy�bKVVOwSQJq�YPQK Kk�k�lmn�\lmnudgKPWPVJHI��SKM�zJtKL�bOLwOL|�JHUO�~JIQUwKJIQUk�zQKLRV\JHS[VRUJHI�TK KHU\tOHMKM�cRLUJPVKtORLMSdeOHI�fOHI�TOHSUL[PUJOH�pHM[SULW�TO[HPJV�iTpTj�gKSKRLPQ�b[HMk� �lmn}\lmn�dbRUK�RHM�zLRHSqOLU�OX�TQLO J[ iZpjs]LSKHJPiZj\VORMKM�xRHOSPRVK��KLO\ZRVKHU�pLOH�JH�hLO[HMwRUKLdxRU[LRV�YPJKHPK�bO[HMRUJOH�OX�TQJHR�ixYbTjk��O[UQ�cLOILR Kk�k�lmn}\lmn�dzRJVOLJHI�xKrU\hKHKLRUJOH�]MSOLtKHU�XOL�YKVKPUJaK�YKqRLRUJOH�XLO �bOOM�vRSUK�bKLKHURUJOHd�eOHIfOHI�gKSKRLPQ�hLRHUS�TO[HPJV�ighTjk�eOHI�fOHI�cQy�bKVVOwSQJq�YPQK Kk� �lmn}\lmn�dgKIJOHRV�YOJV�TOHUR JHRUJOH�tW��LIRHJP�TO qO[HMS_�TOHUR JHRUJOH�TQRLRPUKLJSUJPSk�pHUKLXRPJRVcLOPKSSKSk�RHM�gK KMJRUJOH�cLJHPJqVKSd�xRUJOHRV�NRSJP�gKSKRLPQ�cLOILR �io�{�YPQK Kjk�TQJHKSKJHJSULW�OX�YPJKHPK�RHM�zKPQHOVOIWk� iY[t\qLO�KPUjk�lmn}\lmnudY[SURJHRtVK�~RHM�yKPOHUR JHRUJOH�KUQOMS�XOL�]qqVJPRUJOH�JH�~RHM�yKaKVOq KHU�cLO�KPUSd�TOVVRtOLRUJOHgKSKRLPQ�YU[MWk�TJaJV�GHIJHKKLJHI�RHM�yKaKVOq KHU�yKqRLUKHU�iTGyyjk�efY]g�hOaKLH KHUk��iY[t\qLO�KPUjk�lmn}\lmn�dGV[PJMRUJHI�UQK�bRUK�RHM�zLRHSqOLU�OX�eKRaW�KURVS�RHM�NRPUKLJR�JH�YUOLwRUKL�eRLaKSUJHId�eOHI�fOHIgKSKRLPQ�hLRHUS�TO[HPJV�ighTjk�GRLVW�TRLKKL�YPQK K�iGTYjk�k�lmn}\lmn�dbRUK�RHM�zLRHSqOLU�OX��LIRHJP�cOVV[URHUS�RHM�eKRaW�KURVS�JH�TOHUR JHRUKM�hLO[HMwRUKLd�YURUK�fKW~RtOLRUOLW�OX��LtRH�vRUKL�gKSO[LPK�RHM�GHaJLOH KHUk�eRLtJH�pHSUJU[UK�OX�zKPQHOVOIWk��qKH�cLO�KPUifKW�cLOILR Kjk�k�lmn{\lmn�d�gKPWPVJHI�zJtKL�RHM�NR tOO�TOHSUL[PUJOH�vRSUK�JHUO�]PUJaRUKM�TRLtOHS�RHM�vOOM\cVRSUJPTO qOSJUKSd�TOHSUL[PUJOH�pHM[SULW�pHSUJU[UK\eOHI�fOHI�iTpp\efjk�k�lmn{\lmn�d

Page 16: The Hong Kong Polytechnic University · 2018-09-27 · ' ( ) * + , - . - / - 0 1 2 3 4 * ( 5 6 2 0 + 6 ) 7 / 8 * 7 9 6 7 : 4 1 ) ; - / / 6 ) 7 0 5 . - 2 ) : 7 6 + 6 ) 7 4 1 ) ; -

��������� ��� ����������

������������������� �������� �������� ��

!"#$%�!"&'(")'"*+#�,-##".&/01&�2)/-3-4�5"67�8"67�!"#$'-)/60)�%609-*&0'$4�4�:;<=>:;:;?,@A�!"&'(")'"*+#�,-##".&/01&�2)/-3-4�5"67�8"67�!"#$'-)/60)�%609-*&0'$4�4�:;<=>:;:;?!"#$%�!"&'(")'"*+#�,-##".&/01&�2)/-3-4�5"67�8"67�!"#$'-)/60)�%609-*&0'$4�4�:;<B>:;<C?!"#$%�D"06'�!/E�!*"7*+33-&�F-+(067�'"�EG+#�H.+*(&4�5"67�8"67�!"#$'-)/60)�%609-*&0'$4 4�:;<I>:;<B?!"#$%�D"06'�!/E�2'G(-6'�2G1-*90&0"6�2)/-3-4�5"67�8"67�!"#$'-)/60)�%609-*&0'$4�4�:;<I>:;<J?,@A�K6->L-+*�!/E�M"1>%1�2'G(-6'&/01�2)/-3-4�5"67�8"67�!"#$'-)/60)�%609-*&0'$4�4�:;<N>:;<B?,@A�O+')/067�,G6(�P"*�AQ'-*6+#�@"31-'0'09-�R-&-+*)/�S*+6'&4�5"67�8"67�!"#$'-)/60)�%609-*&0'$4�4:;<N>:;<B?,@A�O+')/067�,G6(�P"*�R-70"6+#�@"3T06-(�K*7+60)�!"##G'0"6�06�2"0#&4�5"67�8"67�!"#$'-)/60)�%609-*&0'$4�U2GT>1*"V-)'W4�:;<N>:;<=?RX2%E�D"06'�!/E�2'G(-6'�2G1-*90&0"6�2)/-3-4�5"67�8"67�!"#$'-)/60)�%609-*&0'$4�4�:;<N>:;<I?RX2%E�D"06'�!/E�2'G(-6'�2G1-*90&0"6�2)/-3-4�5"67�8"67�!"#$'-)/60)�%609-*&0'$4�4�:;<N>:;<I?,@A�O+')/067�,G6(�P"*�R-&"G*)-�R-)$)#067�06�%*T+6�A690*"63-6'4�5"67�8"67�!"#$'-)/60)�%609-*&0'$4�U2GT>1*"V-)'W4�:;<Y>:;<J?!*"V-)'�"P�2'*+'-70)�X31"*'+6)-�P"*�@"6&'*G)'0"6�Z+&'-�R-)$)#0674�5"67�8"67�!"#$'-)/60)�%609-*&0'$4�4�:;<Y>:;<B?,@A�2'+*'>G1�!/E�R-&-+*)/�2'G(-6'&/014�4�5"67�8"67�!"#$'-)/60)�%609-*&0'$4�:;<Y>:;<J?,@A�,G6(067�2G11"*'�P"*�X31*"9-3-6'�06�D"G*6+#�!GT#0)+'0"64�5"67�8"67�!"#$'-)/60)�%609-*&0'$4�4:;<:>:;<N?,@A�2G33-*�H''+)/3-6'�2)/-3-4�5"67�8"67�!"#$'-)/60)�%609-*&0'$4�4�:;<:>:;<Y?,@A�2'+*'>G1�R-&-+*)/�,G6(�P"*�[-.#$�R-)*G0'-(�H&&0&'+6'�!*"P-&&"*&4�5"67�8"67�!"#$'-)/60)%609-*&0'$4�4�:;<:>:;<J?5G30)&�P"*�H)0(�O06-�E*+06+7-�M*-+'3-6'?�,"G6(+'0"6�P"*�R-&-+*)/�2)0-6)-�+6(�M-)/6"#"7$�,G6(4R"$+#�2")0-'$�"P�[-.�\-+#+6(�UR2[\W4�4�:;<;>:;<:X31*"9067�F$''-#'"6�5+*T"G*]&�2-(03-6'�G+#0'$�.0'/�F".>@"&'�O+'-*0+#&?�_*0+6�O+&"6�2)0-6)-�+6(M-)/60)+#�M*G&'�U_O2MW4�[-.�\-+#+6(4�4�:;<<>:;<:@"6'+306+'-(�2-(03-6'�2'+T0#0+'0"6�%&067�H)'09+'-(�@+*T"6?�_0#+'-*+#�R-&-+*)/�H)'090'0-&�!*"7*+33-4R"$+#�2")0-'$�"P�[-.�\-+#+6(�UR2[\W4�4�:;<;>:;<<2G&'+06+T#-�%&-�"P�Z+&'-&�+6(�[+'G*+#�O+'-*0+#&�P"*�H7*0)G#'G*+#�+6(�X6(G&'*0+#�20'-�O+6+7-3-6'?�2"#0(A6-*7$�[-.�\-+#+6(�U2A[\W4� �:;<;>:;<<2"0#�E-)"6'+306+'0"6�.0'/�5G30)�2GT&'+6)-&?�2"#0(�A6-*7$�[-.�\-+#+6(�U2A[\W4�4�:;<;>:;<<AQ>20'G�+6(�X6>20'G�R-3-(0+'0"6�"P�2GT&G*P+)-�@*UaXW�@"6'+306+'0"6�%&067�O-&"1"*"G&�O+76-'0)�,-:KY!+*'0)#-&b�APP-)'09-6-&&4�806-'0)&4�+6(�H(&"*T-6'�R-)"9-*$?�5"67�8"67�R-&-+*)/�S*+6'&�@"G6)0#�URS@W4S-6-*+#�R-&-+*)/�,G6(4� 4�:;;C>:;<:F+T"*+'"*$�+6(�!0#"'>2)+#-�2'G($�"P�O-'+#�AQ'*+)'0"6�P*"3�@"6'+306+'-(�2"0#&�T$�AEE2�+6(�O-'+#>AEE2@"31#-Q-&b�806-'0)&4�APP-)'09-6-&&4�+6(�2"0#�E0&&"#G'0"6?�5"67�8"67�R-&-+*)/�S*+6'&�@"G6)0#�URS@W4S-6-*+#�R-&-+*)/�,G6(4� 4�:;;=>:;<<2+TT+'0)+#�H##".+6)-4�%609-*&0'$�"P�@+6'-*TG*$4�4�:;<<?@+10'+#�AQ1-6(0'G*-�,G6(4�%609-*&0'$�"P�@+6'-*TG*$4�4�:;;C>:;<<?R-&-+*)/�@"6&G3+T#-&�,G6(0674�%609-*&0'$�"P�@+6'-*TG*$4�4�:;;C>:;<<?!"&'7*+(G+'-�2)/"#+*&/014�%609-*&0'$�"P�@+6'-*TG*$4�4�:;;C>:;<<?M*+9-#�+6(�@"6P-*-6)-�S*+6'&4�%609-*&0'$�"P�@+6'-*TG*$4�4�:;;=>:;<<?2G33-*�2)/"#+*&/01�2)/-3-4�%609-*&0'$�"P�@+6'-*TG*$4�4�:;;=>:;<<?_*07/'�X(-+&�,G6(0674�%609-*&0'$�"P�@+6'-*TG*$4�4�:;;C>:;<;?2'*+'-70)�R-&-+*)/�S*+6'4�%609-*&0'$�"P�@+6'-*TG*$4�4�:;;C>:;<;?�

Page 17: The Hong Kong Polytechnic University · 2018-09-27 · ' ( ) * + , - . - / - 0 1 2 3 4 * ( 5 6 2 0 + 6 ) 7 / 8 * 7 9 6 7 : 4 1 ) ; - / / 6 ) 7 0 5 . - 2 ) : 7 6 + 6 ) 7 4 1 ) ; -

��������� ��� ������� ������� ���������

�������������� �!�� ���"�"�� �� ����#��$�������� ���

%&'()*�+,-,�./&'012345�67 8797:;<=�>42?@<:5@3A9 B4AC@AD >;3E799@3A:?�87<3DA@5@3A >;3E799@3A:?�F7;G@<7 H7:<=@AD IA@G7;9@5J�F7;G@<7 >=K�:AC�81�>39@5@3A9LMNOPQR�STUVMOWXXYZ[\]�_ []Ya�\b �_ []Ya[\c�dY\aefghifh�jk�lmh�njlop�qirgsjithil��WXXYZ[\]�_ []Ya�\b �_ []Ya[\c�dY\ausglgfop�vhrghwx�gi�qirgsjithilop�efghifh�oiy�nhfmijpjz{�_ []Ya[\c�dY\a�umhtjx|mhsh���������������������������������������������������������������������������}~��Z]�_ []Ya�\b �_ []Ya[\c�dY\a�j�siop�jk�ejgpx�oiy�ehygthilx��YYa[b\][b��_ []Ya�\b �_ []Ya[\c�dY\aqirgsjithilop��hjfmhtgxls{�oiy��hoplm�������aXb]��������aXb]���������aXb]��������aXb]��������aXb]�LMNOPQR��N��V�STUVMO�\b\�[b���~X]�_ []Ya}�Z[\c��XX~���a b�\b �}~X]\[b\�c��\b �� �^[\][Yb�umhtjx|mhsh�����\b\�[b���~X]�_ []Ya�}�Z[\c��XX~��} [� b]��Ycc~][Yb�WXXXX� b]�\b �� �^[\][Yb��\b\�� b]�umhtjx|mhsh���\b\�[b���~X]�_ []Ya�}�Z[\c��XX~��� Z�bYcY�[Z\c��bbY�\][Yb� Ya�}Y[c�} [� b]�� �^[\][Yb��j�siop�jk�ejgpx�oiy�ehygthilx���~X]�_ []Ya�}�Z[\c��XX~��} [� b]��b]ab\c��aYZXXX�\b ��Ycc~][Yb�� �^[\][Yb�efghifh�jk�lmh�njlop�qirgsjithil��~X]�_ []Ya�}�Z[\c��XX~���c\¡X�\b ��c\¡��[ba\cX� Ya��Ycc~][Yb�W�\]� b]��j�siop�jk��o¢osyj�x�£olhsgopx���~X]�_ []Ya}�Z[\c��XX~��d[Y]Z�bYcY�[Z\c��bbY�\][Yb� Ya�}~X]\[b\�c�¤ �cY�� b]�qirgsjithilop�efghifh�oiy�¥jpp�lgji�vhxhosfm��\b\�[b���~X]�_ []Ya}�Z[\c��XX~��d[Y¦\X]�§\cYa[\][Yb� Ya�d[Y ~c©����[Z\c©�\b �d[YZ�\a��aY ~Z][Yb��j�siop�jk�uphoihs�¥sjy�flgji����\b\�[b���~X]�_ []Ya�}�Z[\c��XX~��_b�[aYb� b]\c����\Z]�\b �_� a�[b���YbZabX�Y �d[YcY�[Z\c�ª\X]�a\]� b]�\b �� Z¡Zc[b���aYZXXX�umhtjx|mhsh����~X]�_ []Ya}�Z[\c��XX~��d[Y�\XX�§\cYa[\][Yb�[b]Y�«[���§\c~��� �[Z\cX�\b �d[Y ~c�¬gjshxj�sfh�nhfmijpjz{����~X]�_ []Ya}�Z[\c��XX~��d[Y¦\X]�]Y�d[YZ�\a­�_� a�[b��W��c[Z\][YbX�[b�_ba�¡�\b_b�[aYb� b]\c�� X\aZ��efghifh�jk�lmh�njlop�qirgsjithil��~X]�_ []Ya}�Z[\c��XX~��« \�¡�� ]\cX�[b�]��_b�[aYb� b]�umhtjx|mhsh���~X]�_ []Ya}�Z[\c��XX~��_b�[aYb� b]\c�� YZ� �[X]a¡�\b �« \c]�����c[Z\][YbX�qirgsjithilop��hjfmhtgxls{�oiy��hoplm��~X]�_ []Ya}�Z[\c��XX~��_b�[aYb� b]\c��\b\�� b]�Y ��YX]�_�[ �[Z��\XX��\aZ\XXX�d~a[\c}[]X�e�xlogio®gpgl{���\b\�[b���~X]�_ []Ya}�Z[\c��XX~���aX[X]b]��Y[Z�}~�X]\bZX�[b�W�aYZYX¡X]�X�qirgsjithilop��hjfmhtgxls{�oiy��hoplm���~X]�_ []Ya}�Z[\c��XX~���Yb]\�[b\] ��\b �\b �_ZYcY�[Z\c�WXXXX� b]�qirgsjithilop��hjfmhtgxls{�oiy��hoplm

�����������������������������������������������������������°��������°����������°��������°�������������������������������������������������

Page 18: The Hong Kong Polytechnic University · 2018-09-27 · ' ( ) * + , - . - / - 0 1 2 3 4 * ( 5 6 2 0 + 6 ) 7 / 8 * 7 9 6 7 : 4 1 ) ; - / / 6 ) 7 0 5 . - 2 ) : 7 6 + 6 ) 7 4 1 ) ; -

��������� ��� ������� ������� ���������

�������������� �!�� ���"�"�� �� ����#��$�������� ���

%&'()**+',-./01-2)3+104-&2 567)&,-.89,2/04-&2:)77+,;<'33+77))=>?@�ABCD�EBCD�FBGHI@J?CKJ�LCKM@NOKIH=�ABCD�EBCD� =�>?@�ABCD�EBCD�FBGHI@J?CKJLCKM@NOKIH=�ABCD�EBCD� =�F>@PQO�RSIOITCUKCD�FNBV@OOKBCTGW@NMKJ@O�XYTNUO=�>?@�ABCD�EBCD�FBGHI@J?CKJ�LCKM@NOKIH=�ABCD�EBCD� =�EBN@T�Z[P\�]SN@TS=�EBN@T�>BSNKORNDTCK_TIKBC=�EBN@T� =�CU�[CI@NCTIKBCTG�PBCV@N@CJ@�BC]KBN@OBSNJ@O=�\C@NDH=�\CMKNBC @CI=�TCU�ZTI@NKTGO�>@J?CBGBDH=EBN@T�� =WYKI_@NGTCU�� =�F>@PQO�RSIOITCUKCD�FNBV@OOKBCTGW@NMKJ@O�XYTNUO=�>?@�ABCD�EBCD�FBGHI@J?CKJ�LCKM@NOKIH=�ABCD�EBCD� =�\GO@MK@N=�>?@a@I?@NGTCUO� =�>?@�ABCD�EBCD[COIKISIKBC�BV�\CDKC@@NO=�ABCD�EBCD� =�X @NKJTC�P?@ KJTG�WBJK@IH=�LWX�RSIOITCUKCD�b@MK@Y@N=�\CMKNBC @CITG�[CI@NCTIKBCTG�RSIOITCUKCD�b@MK@Y@N=�XccGK@U�\C@NDH��RSIOITCUKCD�b@MK@Y@N=�\CMKNBC @CITG�FBGGSIKBC�������������������RSIOITCUKCD�b@MK@Y@N=�P?@ KJTG�\CDKC@@NKCD�dBSNCTG��RSIOITCUKCD�b@MK@Y@N=�]KBN@OBSNJ@�>@J?CBGBDHRSIOITCUKCD�b@MK@Y@N=�dBSNCTG�BV�PR �LIKGK_TIKBCRSIOITCUKCD�b@MK@Y@N=�dBSNCTG�BV�PG@TC@N�FNBUSJIKBC�RSIOITCUKCD�b@MK@Y@N=�PBCOINSJIKBC�TCU�]SKGUKCD�ZTI@NKTGORSIOITCUKCD�b@MK@Y@N=�b@OBSNJ@O=�PBCO@NMTIKBC�e�b@JHJGKCDRSIOITCUKCD�b@MK@Y@N=�WJK@CJ@�BV�I?@�>BITG�\CMKNBC @CI�RSIOITCUKCD�b@MK@Y@N=�\C@NDH�RSIOITCUKCD�b@MK@Y@N=�dBSNCTG�BV�AT_TNUBSO�ZTI@NKTGO�RSIOITCUKCD�b@MK@Y@N=�fTOI@�ZTCTD@ @CI�RSIOITCUKCD�b@MK@Y@N=�fTI@N�b@O@TNJ?�RSIOITCUKCD�b@MK@Y@N=�P?@ BOc?@N@�RSIOITCUKCD�b@MK@Y@N=�dBSNCTG�BV�\CMKNBC @CITG�ZTCTD@ @CI�������

������������ghighighjghjghjghjghjghjghjghkghkghkghkghkghkghl

\CMKNBC @CI�TCU�PBCO@NMTIKBC�mSCU�n\Pmo=�ABCD�EBCD����\CMKNBC @CI�TCU�PBCO@NMTIKBC�mSCU�n\Pmo=�ABCD�EBCD����PpF�FBY@N�AE�pIU=�ABCD�EBCD��\USJTIKBC�]SN@TS�n\q]o=�ABCD�EBCD������ABCD�EBCD�[COIKISIKBC�BV�\CDKC@@NO�nAE[\o=�ABCD�EBCD������rN@@C�FNBUSJI�XJJN@UKITIKBC�TCU�WITCUTNUO�nrsFXWWorN@@C�]SKGUKCD�PBSCJKG�nr]Po=�ABCD�EBCD������\CMKNBC @CI�TCU�PBCO@NMTIKBC�mSCU�n\Pmo=�ABCD�EBCD���ABCD�EBCD�XYTNUO�VBN�\CMKNBC @CITG�\tJ@GG@CJ@�nAEX\\o=�ABCD�EBCD��

>?@�ABCD�EBCD�FBGHI@J?CKJ�LCKM@NOKIH

Page 19: The Hong Kong Polytechnic University · 2018-09-27 · ' ( ) * + , - . - / - 0 1 2 3 4 * ( 5 6 2 0 + 6 ) 7 / 8 * 7 9 6 7 : 4 1 ) ; - / / 6 ) 7 0 5 . - 2 ) : 7 6 + 6 ) 7 4 1 ) ; -

��������� ��� ������� ������� ����

�������������� !�"�� ������� ����#��#$��� ���# ���� ���

%&'()*�+,-,�./&'012345�67 8797:;<=�>42?@<:5@3A9 B4AC@AD >;3E799@3A:?�87<3DA@5@3A >;3E799@3A:?�F7;G@<7 H7:<=@AD IA@G7;9@5J�F7;G@<7 >=K�:AC�81�>39@5@3A9%)L&MNO)'N�PQ�+(R(*�&'S�T'R(MP'O)'N&*�T'0('))M('0U.V)�WP'0�XP'0�YP*ZN)[V'([�\'(R)M/(NZU�W]'0�WPOU�XP*PP'U�WP'0�XP'0_abcdaef dg�hf ibcb jbklmno�pqlm _reabs�tubdvbc�fi�wbjx ejdgyfcvkxfu lmno�pqlm_kaczjafc�fi�hf aeze{|cfibkkef dg�}brbgfu~b a��h|}�hfzckb lmno�pqlm ��bjzaerb�hf~~eaabb lmno�pqlm�d d{b~b a�hf~~eaabblmno�pqlm |cfibkkef dg���gedaef k� lmno�pqlm������������������������������������

Page 20: The Hong Kong Polytechnic University · 2018-09-27 · ' ( ) * + , - . - / - 0 1 2 3 4 * ( 5 6 2 0 + 6 ) 7 / 8 * 7 9 6 7 : 4 1 ) ; - / / 6 ) 7 0 5 . - 2 ) : 7 6 + 6 ) 7 4 1 ) ; -

��������� ��� ���� ������

�������������������� �������� ��������� !��� ���

"#$%&'�()*)�+,#$-./012�34 5464789:�;1/<=972=0>6 ?1>@=>A ;80B466=0>7<�5490A>=2=0> ;80B466=0>7<�C48D=94 E479:=>A F>=D486=2G�C48D=94 ;:H�7>@�5.�;06=2=0>6"&I#JKL&$K�MN�(%O%'�#$P�Q$O%JM$L&$K#'�Q$-%$&&J%$-R+S&�TM$-�UM$-�VM'WK&XS$%X�Y$%O&J,%KWR�TZ$-�TMLR�UM['MM$R�TM$-�UM$-

\]_�ab]cdefghg \]_�ab]ifjklg�m�nojfpg \]_�ab]qerstujltdkg�mvhfwtuhxyz�{|}~��|}~��|���z�y}����}��z�����

Page 21: The Hong Kong Polytechnic University · 2018-09-27 · ' ( ) * + , - . - / - 0 1 2 3 4 * ( 5 6 2 0 + 6 ) 7 / 8 * 7 9 6 7 : 4 1 ) ; - / / 6 ) 7 0 5 . - 2 ) : 7 6 + 6 ) 7 4 1 ) ; -

��������� ��� �������

�������������������� �������� ������ �� ����!"�"��!������# ���

$%&'()�*+,+�-.%&/01234�56 76869:;<�=31>?;94?2@8 A3@B?@C =:2D688?2@9>�76;2C@?4?2@ =:2D688?2@9>�E6:F?;6 G69;<?@C H@?F6:8?4I�E6:F?;6 =<J�9@B�70�=28?4?2@8$(K%LMN(&M�OP�*'Q')�%&R�S&Q'LO&N(&M%)�S&/'&((L'&/T-U(�VO&/�WO&/�XO)YM(ZU&'Z�[&'Q(L.'MYT�V\&/�VONT�WO])OO&T�VO&/�WO&/_abcde�

fghfi�jk_l_dmnopqrst�ouvwx�yzx�{y|y}xu~���y�����uz�}uv�noprr�t��y��}�yzx��y����y��}��}�y���z�nop���t�nuz�y�wzy��x��yzx�yzx�o�xw��z������xwy�wuz fgg�i�fghfp�n�r�rt�pz�w}uz��z�yv�pz�wz��}wz�p�n�qs�t��zx~��}wyv��uvv~�wuz�nuz�}uvp�n�q��t�nuz�y�wzy��x�ow�������xwy�wuzp�n��rqt��y��}�yzx�ouwv�n{��w��}�p�n����t��{��w�yv�n{��w�yv��y��}��y����y��}��}�y���z�������� �¡�� �¢�£¤¥�¦��§¦��§©�ª«§¥¤

Page 22: The Hong Kong Polytechnic University · 2018-09-27 · ' ( ) * + , - . - / - 0 1 2 3 4 * ( 5 6 2 0 + 6 ) 7 / 8 * 7 9 6 7 : 4 1 ) ; - / / 6 ) 7 0 5 . - 2 ) : 7 6 + 6 ) 7 4 1 ) ; -

��������� ��� ���� ��������������������

������������� !��"�� !�#����� �� ������$����� ���

%&'()*�+,-,�./&'012345�67 8797:;<=�>42?@<:5@3A9 B4AC@AD >;3E799@3A:?�87<3DA@5@3A >;3E799@3A:?�F7;G@<7 H7:<=@AD IA@G7;9@5J�F7;G@<7 >=K�:AC�81�>39@5@3A9%)L&MNO)'N�PQ�+(R(*�&'S�T'R(MP'O)'N&*�T'0('))M('0U.V)�WP'0�XP'0�YP*ZN)[V'([�\'(R)M/(NZU�W]'0�WPOU�XP*PP'U�WP'0�XP'0

_ab�cab�defghijaki�lakmhnokgf�pqrpstnhohaguvv�wxyzy{|}~|����{��~|����{�}������������������������������������������

�� �¡¢£¤�¥¢£¤�¦¢§© ª�£«ª�¬£«­ ®«©

Page 23: The Hong Kong Polytechnic University · 2018-09-27 · ' ( ) * + , - . - / - 0 1 2 3 4 * ( 5 6 2 0 + 6 ) 7 / 8 * 7 9 6 7 : 4 1 ) ; - / / 6 ) 7 0 5 . - 2 ) : 7 6 + 6 ) 7 4 1 ) ; -

��������� ��� ���� ��������������������

������������� !��"�� !�#����� �� ������$����� ���

%&'()*�+,-,�./&'012345�67 8797:;<=�>42?@<:5@3A9 B4AC@AD >;3E799@3A:?�87<3DA@5@3A >;3E799@3A:?�F7;G@<7 H7:<=@AD IA@G7;9@5J�F7;G@<7 >=K�:AC�81�>39@5@3A9%)L&MNO)'N�PQ�+(R(*�&'S�T'R(MP'O)'N&*�T'0('))M('0U.V)�WP'0�XP'0�YP*ZN)[V'([�\'(R)M/(NZU�W]'0�WPOU�XP*PP'U�WP'0�XP'0_ab�cab�defghijaki�lakmhnokgf�pqrpstnhohag ���� ����u"����� �#�������vw�v��w�����x##�y�� �z�w#��{���#�!�� ����#v����| #�w }~�� � ��|����������#��u�v����#�������������� ������������xv�����!�|#w���#��v����#�|������ �#������ ��������������#|$�������������������w�� $� ������u��w�������������#v� ��#�~ ��#��� ���~�v� ��!�|#w������v�� u����� � �����������u�������������������u���������~ ��#��� ���|w�� �~�v� ����� ������u"� �� �� ����#v����v����vw��������#��v����vw���������� �����#����#�������� ���� �����xv������~�� � ��#��� ������������ ������� w�� ��|�#�#�w���������������������|�#�w �$�� ��|�#� ����#�u����� �~�v� ���� �������u"� �� �� !�|#w��� �������� � w#�� ����������������������������v�w���� �xv�v� ��u����#�� ���w�����#� � ������~v������w �� � w#�� ����#��� ��w�u�����v�� � w� �!�|#w���#��v����~ ���� �xv�����~x���������������� �����������#����� �����v�� �|�#����� � ���������� �~��v��v� ������v����vwv���#�� ���#�� ������������ ������!��uu�� ����������� �������� � w#�� ���xv���������������������|v���� �#��|�����w �������� ��{���#��~v�� !�|#w����� �u�v��� ���xv����#��� ��������������lakmhnokgf� �¡¢aghn£¤nf�pqq¥s�pqrp ¦§§©§ª«�¬­®§ª�°±±²³ §µ�¶· §ª«�¹ º±²µ» ª©�¼­·ª©�¬­®§ª�¼­·ª©�

¶ �½²ª«�¾²ª«�¿²±À© ª§�Áª§º­§©À

Page 24: The Hong Kong Polytechnic University · 2018-09-27 · ' ( ) * + , - . - / - 0 1 2 3 4 * ( 5 6 2 0 + 6 ) 7 / 8 * 7 9 6 7 : 4 1 ) ; - / / 6 ) 7 0 5 . - 2 ) : 7 6 + 6 ) 7 4 1 ) ; -

Daniel C.W. Tsang

About Me Research Publications Funding Professional Recognition Professional Service Teaching University Service PhD and RA Positions

T e a c h i n g P u b l i c a t i o n s

Journal Publications Conference Proceedings/Abstracts

Tsang, D.C.W.*; Yu, I.K.M.; Khoo, L.B.L.; Lai, W.W.L.; Yiu, N.S.N.; Leung, A.Y.F. Using problem-based project to enhance students’ learning experience. International Journal of Learning and Teaching, 2018, ISSN: 2377-2891, doi: 10.18178/ijlt. (Journal paper)

Tsang, D.C.W.*; Khoo, L.B.L.; Yu, I.K.M.; Yiu, N.S.N. International service learning project on environmental improvement and sustainable development for Nepal earthquake relief. International Journal of Information and Education Technology, 2018, ISSN: 2010-3689, doi: 10.18178/ijiet. (Journal paper)

Tsang, D.C.W.*; Yiu, N.S.N.; Leung, A.Y.F.; Lai, W.W.L. How to enhance engineering students’ learning experience by problem-based project in a large class. International Conference on Education, Psychology and Society, 22-24 January, Hong Kong, China, 2018. (Proceeding paper)

Yiu, N.S.N.*; Tsang, D.C.W. Quality assurance by international benchmarking occupational safety and health programmes at undergraduate level. International Conference on Education, Psychology and Society, 22-24 January, Hong Kong, China, 2018. (Proceeding paper)

Tsang, D.C.W.*; Khoo, L.B.L.; Yu, I.K.M.; Yiu, N.S.N. International service learning project on environmental improvement and sustainable development for Nepal earthquake relief. 6th International Conference on Management and Education Innovation, 9-11 March, Honolulu, USA, 2018. (Abstract)

Lee, A.H.Y.; Yiu, N.S.N.*; Tsang, D.C.W.; Sze, T.N.N.; Leung, A.Y.F. Assessing the quality and relevance of BEng (Hons) Environmental Engineering and Sustainable Development (EESD). International Conference on Education, Psychology, and Social Sciences. 2-4 August, Bangkok, Thailand, 2017. (Abstract)

Khoo, L.B.L.; Yiu, N.S.N.; Tsang, D.C.W.*; Poon, G.W.C.; Lee, Y.; Chu, K. International service learning programme in post-disaster region: Environmental improvement projects in Nepal. International Conference on Education, Psychology, and Social Sciences. 2-4 August, Bangkok, Thailand, 2017. (Abstract)

T e a c h i n g S e r v i c e

International ConferencesInvited Talk PolyU Research Salon

Tsang, D.C.W.*; Yu, I.K.M.; Khoo, B.L.; Lai, W.W.L.; Yiu, N.S.N.; Leung, A.Y.F. Using problem-based project to enhance students’ learning experience. 4th International Conference on Learning and Teaching, 25-27 April, Singapore, 2018.

Technical Committee (Paper Review) and Session Chair6th International Conference on Management and Education Innovation (ICMEI), 9-11 March, Honolulu, USA, 2018.

Technical Committee (Paper Review) and Session Chair 4th International Conference on Learning and Teaching (ICLT), 25-27 April, Singapore, 2018.

International service learning project on environmental improvement and sustainable development, 2nd Research Salon on Service-Learning, PolyU Community of Practice on Service-Learning (CoP-SL), 8 May, Office of Service-Learning, 2018.

Page 1 of 2Mysite | Teaching Publications & Service

9/20/2018http://dtpolyu.wixsite.com/mysite/copy-of-teaching-publications-servi

Page 25: The Hong Kong Polytechnic University · 2018-09-27 · ' ( ) * + , - . - / - 0 1 2 3 4 * ( 5 6 2 0 + 6 ) 7 / 8 * 7 9 6 7 : 4 1 ) ; - / / 6 ) 7 0 5 . - 2 ) : 7 6 + 6 ) 7 4 1 ) ; -

��������� ��� ������� ����� ����

�������������������� �� ����� �!��� ���" ���� ���

#$%&'(�)*+*�,-$%./0123�45 657589:;�<20=>:83>1?7 @2?A>?B <91C577>1?8=�65:1B?>3>1? <91C577>1?8=�D59E>:5 F58:;>?B G?>E597>3H�D59E>:5 <;I�8?A�6/�<17>3>1?7#'J$KLM'%L�NO�)&P&(�$%Q�R%P&KN%M'%L$(�R%.&%''K&%.S,T'�UN%.�VN%.�WN(XL'YT%&Y�Z%&P'K-&LXS�U[%.�UNMS�VN\(NN%S�UN%.�VN%.

]_]�abcdcef ] g�]_]hij�klmn�olmn�plqrsjtimut�vmuwjxyusr

Page 26: The Hong Kong Polytechnic University · 2018-09-27 · ' ( ) * + , - . - / - 0 1 2 3 4 * ( 5 6 2 0 + 6 ) 7 / 8 * 7 9 6 7 : 4 1 ) ; - / / 6 ) 7 0 5 . - 2 ) : 7 6 + 6 ) 7 4 1 ) ; -

��������� ��� ���������������������

����������������� �� �!������ ����"���"#�"������� ���

$%&'()�*+,+�-.%&/01234�56 76869:;<�=31>?;94?2@8 A3@B?@C =:2D688?2@9>�76;2C@?4?2@ =:2D688?2@9>�E6:F?;6 G69;<?@C H@?F6:8?4I�E6:F?;6 =<J�9@B�70�=28?4?2@8$(K%LMN(&M�OP�*'Q')�%&R�S&Q'LO&N(&M%)�S&/'&((L'&/T-U(�VO&/�WO&/�XO)YM(ZU&'Z�[&'Q(L.'MYT�V\&/�VONT�WO])OO&T�VO&/�WO&/_�abcdefb�gfd�heiegjk_liimibgfb�nimbmnfi�oppqrsturvwx�yvz�{|}�xu~��wu���z�x�tzs|�txxrxutwu�pvxrurvwx�tz�xvqrsru���yvz�u|��yvqqv�rw��z�x�tzs|�pzv��sux���wu�z�xu���stw�r�tu�x�x|v~q��x�w��t�s~zzrs~q~���rut��tw��t�zr�y�xutu���wu�|r�|qr�|urw��u|�rz�z�x�tzs|���p�zr�ws�uv��tw�uxtw��pvq�~���~�|����gm����g�e��ac��ekb �eiig�e aefd�wr��zxru��{|}��u~��wux|rp�vw���vw��{|}���qqv�x|rp�_mi��e��n�i_m �ik_e�e�n¡¡ejed��¢�£¤�heiegjk_¥jgfbi�¦ncfkm��gm�i�bn�jekjcmb�_m�_§kg�m�je�ibcdefbi¡jn��gjncfd�b_e��nj�d�bn�cfdejbge�b_emj�_ibcdmei�mf�£nf��¤nf�©�ªe�mf«mbe�e¬ jeiimnfi�n¡�mfbejeib�¡jn���jgdcgbei�mb_� jn«ef�jeknjd�n¡�gkgde�mk�e¬ke��efke­jeiegjk_�g�m�mb¢­�gfd��nnd�kn��cfmkgbmnf�im��i©�_e�g�gjdeei��m����e� jn«mded��mb_�g�®§¢egj�bcmbmnfik_n�gji_m ­�g��nfb_�¢�ibm efd�n¡�£¤°±­²³³µ¶a®­°²·�gfd�¦nf¡ejefke�gfd�heiegjk_�je�gbedbjg«e��g��n�gfke�n¡�£¤²°­¹³³�µ¶a²­¹³³� ej¢egj©�ºfbejeibed�kgfdmdgbei�i_nc�d�g  �¢��eb�eef»¼½¾¼¿À¼Á�¾Â�üļ¿À¼Á�ÅÆÇÈ©

Écbibgfdmf��mfdm«mdcg�i��mb_�g�ibjnf��kn��mb�efbbn�njm�mfg��jeiegjk_�gje�efkncjg�ed�bn�g  �¢©l  �mkgfbi�i_nc�dÊ�m�_g«e�igbmi¡gkbnj¢�iknjei�mfº�Ë�a�¹©±�nj�g�n«e­��mb_�g�iknje�¡nj��jmbmf�kn� nfefb�gb�¹©³�nj�g�n«e�nj��É��Ë�mfbejfeb§�giedÊ�̳�nj�g�n«eÍ�kn� cbej§�giedÊ�°®°�nj�g�n«eÍ g ej§�giedÊ�±·±�nj�g�n«eÍ�gfd�mm�de�nfibjgbeg  jn jmgbe��gk�jncfd�mf�gjegi�n¡�ef«mjnf�efbg�ef�mfeejmf�­�ef«mjnf�efbg��ikmefke­��gbejmg�iikmefke­�nj�g�je�gbed�¡me�d©��¬ke��efb��f��mi_kn��cfmkgbmnf�im��i­�beg�§�njmf��g�m�mbmei�gfdie�¡§�nbm«gbmnf�gje�eiiefbmg�©�_�ibcdefbi_m £¤²¹­·®³� ej��nfb_­�ic��ekb�bn�mf¡�gbmnf�je«me��m����e�n¡¡ejed�bn�ickkeii¡c��g  �mkgfbi©�ºfbejeibedkgfdmdgbei�i_nc�d�g  �¢�À¼ÎÂÁ¼�ÏÐÑ�ÂÁ�üļ¿À¼ÁÅÆÇÒ©�ÓÔÕÖ�×ØÙÔ ÓÔÕÖ�×ØÙÔÚ�x�tzs|�oxxrxutwuºfmbmg��g  nmfb�efbi��m����e�g«gm�g��e�¡nj�¹§²°��nfb_i­��mb_� niim��e�e¬befimnf�de efdmf��nf�igbmi¡gkbnj¢� jn�jeii�gfd�cbcg��g�jee�efb©�ackkeii¡c��g  �mkgfbi�gje�e¬ ekbed�bn�_n�d�g��gibej�de�jee�mf�ef«mjnf�efbg��ef�mfeejmf��nj�gje�gbed�¡me�d©�ag�gj¢��m����e�kn��eficjgbe��mb_�Ûcg�m¡mkgbmnfi�gfd�e¬ ejmefke©�l  �mkgfbi�i_nc�d�ibgbe�b_emj�kcjjefb�gfde¬ ekbed�ig�gj¢�mf�b_e�g  �mkgbmnf© ÓÔÕÖ�×ØÙÔÜ|���vw���vw��{vq�u�s|wrs��wr��zxru�