the hoshangabad science teaching programme (hstp) amitabha mukherjee centre for science education...
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The Hoshangabad Science Teaching Programme (HSTP)
Amitabha MukherjeeCentre for Science Education and CommunicationUniversity of [email protected]
Presentation at South Asia Regional Conference on Education Quality
New Delhi October 24-26, 2007
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Contents
Background Key features of HSTP Classroom practices Teacher Training Textbook and kit Examinations Lessons learnt
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Background
The Hoshangabad Science Teaching Programme (HSTP) started as a pilot project in 1972 in 16 schools in Hoshangabad district of the state of Madhya Pradesh (M.P.)
Addressed the question “Can science be taught better in an ordinary school?”
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Background (contd.) Started by two voluntary agencies –
Kishore Bharati and Friends’ Rural Centre Confined to the teaching of science in
middle school – grades 6-8 Partnership of University and College
faculty with schoolteachers“Nothing the programme could do could possibly make things worse than they were”
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“Nothing could be worse…” Government schools - poor buildings, no
library, no laboratory , no facilities No experiments in science classes Science taught as received knowledge Authoritarian school teacher, often
untrained in science Docile children, no rewards for initiative,
no questions in class – to maintain discipline
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Brief Chronology Pilot project in 16 schools from 1972 Extended to all middle schools in the
district in 1978 EKLAVYA set up in 1982 Expanded to clusters in 14 other
districts in mid 1980s – ~1000 schools
Closed down by M.P. Govt in 2002 Back to Contents
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Key features of HSTP
Classroom processes based on experimentation
Teacher Training – intensive and continuing
Textbook and kit Examination system
Back to Contents
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Classroom practices Children did experiments in groups of 4 Recorded their own observations Reported their findings to the whole class Data from different groups pooled
together to provide robust evidence Conclusions arrived at after whole class
discussions guided by teachers
Back to Contents
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Teacher Training
3-week training programmes every year for 3 years
Hands-on, textbook-based training Every teacher trained to do every
experiment and guide discussion in the classroom
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Teacher Training (contd.)
Monthly meetings School follow-up by trained
resource teachers to handle problems in implementation
Manuals Periodicals
Back to Contents
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Textbook and kit Textbook ‘Bal Vaigyanik’ (‘Child
Scientist’) actually a book of instructions for experiments – no information content
Low-cost and locally available materials used as far as possible
Minimal kit supplied to all schools in adequate numbers
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Examinations No reform possible without reform of
the examination system Open-book, unlimited time exams, both
annual and final middle school (grade 8) Each student examined in theory as well
as in experiment Tests of conceptual clarity, logical
ability, process skills – not rote learning Back to Contents
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Lessons learnt from HSTP
No programme of innovation can succeed unless teachers are convinced of the need for such change and work actively to bring it about
School teachers are almost completely isolated intellectually and it is important to work to break this down
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Lessons learnt from HSTP - II
Some structural features can work across programmes – monthly meetings, cluster resource centres, …
Control over examinations is essential for any programme of innovation to succeed
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Lessons learnt from HSTP - III
Innovations in curriculum/pedagogy may face a roadblock of school system functionality
Involvement of the community in programmes of educational reform is not only desirable, but may be crucial
Back to Contents
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Thank you