the hst frontier fields program - anton koekemoer (stsci) - hst calibration workshop, 11 aug 2014...

The HST Frontier Fields Program - Anton Koekemoer (STScI) - HST Calibration Workshop, 11 Aug 2014

intrinsically deepest + widest survey of high-z universe

(sneak peak at JWST’s universe with Hubble now)

The HST Frontier Fields Programwww.stsci.edu/hst/campaigns/frontier-fields

PI/Co-PI: Matt Mountain, Jennifer Lotz

Implementation Technical Lead: Science Data Products Lead Norman Grogin Anton Koekemoer

+STScI Frontier Fields Implementation Team:http://www.stsci.edu/hst/campaigns/frontier-fields/Contact

David S. Adler, Jay Anderson, Roberto J. Avila, Elizabeth Barker, Dan Coe, Scott Fleming, Andrew S. Fruchter, Shireen Gonzaga, Derek Hammer, Bryan Hilbert, Ian Jordan, Harish Khandrika, Janice Lee,

Karen Levay, Ray Lucas, Jennifer Mack, John MacKenty, Sara Ogaz, Massimo Robberto, Patricia Royle, Linda Smith, Josh Sokol, Denise C.

Taylor, Alan Welty, Bill Workman

http://www.stsci.edu/hst/campaigns/frontierfields

http://www.stsci.edu/hst/campaigns/frontier-fields/Contact

http://www.stsci.edu/hst/campaigns/frontier-fields/Contact


ACS (optical) = 537 orbitsWFC3 (IR) = 253 orbits

= 790 orbits of HST

how to do better than Hubble Ultra Deep Field

(before JWST)?

HST Ultra Deep Field: Main ACS and WFC3 programs led by Beckwith et al., Illingworth et al., Ellis et al., Teplitz et al.;

final mosaics include data from programs led by Giavalisco et al., Faber, Ferguson et al., Perlmutter et al., Riess et al.


Matt: how to do better than Hubble Ultra Deep Field(before JWST)?

James Bullock (Chair, UCI), Mark Dickinson (NOAO), Steve Finkelstein (UT), Adriano Fontana ( INAF, Rome), Ann Hornschemier Cardiff (GSFC), Jennifer Lotz (STScI), Priya Natarajan (Yale), Alexandra Pope (UMass), Brant Robertson (Arizona), Brian Siana (UC-Riverside), Jason Tumlinson (STScI), Michael Wood-Vasey (U Pitt)

HDFI SWG: use Hubble + nature’s telescopes x 6(strong lensing clusters)

⇒ Go intrinsically deeper than HUDF⇒ Go wider than HUDF+parallels

6 Lensed Fields + 6 parallel “Blank Fields” = New Parameter Space


HST Frontier Fields: Science Goals

HDFI SWG:• probe galaxies 10-100x intrinsically fainter than any seen before (especially at z~5-10)

• characterize the stellar populations of high-redshift galaxies

intrinsically faint enough to be the early progenitors of the Milky Way

• enable astrophysics on highly-magnified galaxies at z>8

(spatially resolved sizes and internal structures, follow-up spectroscopy)

• perform statistical studies of z>5 star-forming galaxies,

including sizes and structures


Community:• get detailed maps of dark matter in clusters;

test DM substructure predictions

• use 100s of multiple lensed images as independent probe of distance, DE

• deep and high-spatial resolution studies of z~1-4 galaxies, including UV escape fraction, sub-kpc structures and star-formation

• study distant transients (SNe, AGN); possibility of using time delays of multiplied images transients as cosmology probe

• counting z~10 galaxies as a test of DM ( rule out Warm Dark Matter?)

HST Frontier Fields: Science Goals


STScI Core Implementation TeamPI/Co-PI - Matt Mountain, Jennifer Lotz

Implementation Technical Lead - Norman Grogin Team: Denise Taylor, Patricia Royle, David Adler, Ian Jordan, Alan Welty, Bill Workman

Science Data Products Lead - Anton KoekemoerTeam: Jennifer Mack, Roberto Avila, Jay Anderson, Elizabeth Barker, Andy Fruchter, Shireen Gonzaga, Derek Hammer, Bryan Hilbert, Harish Khandrika, Ray Lucas, Sara Ogaz, Massimo Robberto, Josh Sokol

Lensing Map Coordinator - Dan CoeTeam: Elizabeth Barker, Scott Fleming, Anton Koekemoer, Karen Levay, Lou Strolger

Web/Blog Master - Elizabeth Barker

Instrument Team Liasons - John MacKenty, Norman Grogin, Linda Smith, Janice Lee

STScI Science Advisors - Larry Bradley, Stefano Casertano, Harry Ferguson, Helmut Jenkner, Jason Tumlinson

External Science Advisors - James Bullock, Mark Dickinson, Priyamvada Natarajan, Johan Richard, Adi Zitrin

Program Advisory Council - Neill Reid, Ken Sembach, Bob Williams

OPO/Citizen Science team - Carol Christian, Brandon Lawton, Alex Viana, Tony Darnell, Hussein Jirdeh, Max Mutchler, Ray Villard, Donna Weaver

Spitzer Implementation Team - Peter Capak, Jason Surace, Lisa Storrie-Lombardi

Admin Support - Ana-Maria Valenzuela

HST Frontier Fields Implementation Team


HST Frontier Fields: ClustersInitial list of ~16 clusters provided by HDFI SWG based solely on lensing properties; additional suggestions and feedback solicited from the community

Selection Criteria

- Strongest Lensers (# z~10 galaxies magnified to H=27 within WFC3/IR FOV) based on lensing models by Johan Richard, Adi Zitrin, analyzed by Dan Coe - Observable with HST, Spitzer, JWST checked HST guide star availability, ~30 day position angle hold, Spitzer bright stars/schedule, checked against JWST proto-type scheduler

- Low zodiacal background and Galactic extinction

- Blank field locations selected avoid bright stars, cluster structures

- Observable with ALMA, Mauna Kea

- Existing ancillary data (shallow HST, MIPS 24 micron, Herschel, IRAC, Chandra, SZ .. )

- Suitability for deep radio observations


The HST Frontier Fields ClustersAbell 2744 MACSJ0416.1-2403 MACSJ0717.5+3745

MACSJ1149.5+2223. Abell370 Abell S1063


The HST Frontier Fields Clusters

5/6 clusters observable from Mauna Kea; 5/6 cluster observable with ALMA

(aka Abell S1063)

The HST Frontier Fields Program - Anton Koekemoer (STScI) - HST Calibration Workshop, 11 Aug 2014HST Frontier Fields: Filters and

DepthACS - WFC3/IR in parallel; do 180-degree swap ~6 months laterImaging in 7 bands to AB~28.7 (5σ point source, 0.4” diameter ap), 140 orbits per field ⇒ 840 orbits for 6 fields

ACS: (70 orbits per position)F435W: 18 orbits, 28.8 ABmag F606W: 10 28.8 F814W: 42 29.1

WFC3/IR: (70 orbits per position)F105W: 24 orbits, 28.9 ABmagF125W: 12 28.6 F140W: 10 28.6F160W: 24 28.7

deep multi-band imaging needed to identify z~3-12 galaxies via Lyman break


6 strong-lensing clusters + 6 adjacent parallel fields

140 HST DD orbits per pointing

ACS/ WFC3-IR in parallel

~29th ABmag in 7 bands 2 clusters per year x 3 years

→ 840 total orbits

1000 hours Spitzer DD time for

~26th ABmag in IRAC 3.6, 4.5 μm

WFC3/IR

ACS

Cluster

Blank Field

The HST Frontier Fields Program - Anton Koekemoer (STScI) - HST Calibration Workshop, 11 Aug 2014HST Prime and Parallel

ObservationsAbell 2744 MACSJ0416.1-2403 MACSJ0717.5+3745

MACSJ1149.5+2223. Abell 370 Abell S1063

many fields have bright starsGemini GEMS AO K-band of MACS0416.1-2403 planned


HST Frontier Fields Schedule

first HST Frontier Fields DD observations this fallfirst Spitzer Frontier Fields DD observations in Septemberdecision on Cycle 23 observations expected in Dec. 2014

Abell S1063


Data and High-Level Science Products

• Raw, calibrated exposures: available immediate from archive

• Cumulative full-depth HST mosaics:• release cumulative-depth v0.5 mosaics

throughout epoch• release full-depth, best-calibration v1.0 end of

each epoch• incorporate all other existing images for each

filter• registered onto a common pixel grid• astrometric alignment onto SDSS, 2MASS,

previous CLASH astrometry• Most up-to-date processing and calibration:

• Drizzlepac: Astrodrizzle, Tweakreg, and related software

• ACS self-calibration (Anderson et al. algorithms)• Improved WFC3/IR data (persistence masking,

variable sky)


Astrometry: ~milliarcsecond accuracy

(Astrometric tests by Jennifer Mack & Roberto Avila; currently workingwith V. Platais and ACS team for even further improvements)

The HST Frontier Fields Program - Anton Koekemoer (STScI) - HST Calibration Workshop, 11 Aug 2014Calibration: New Challenges &

Solutions

• ACS dark current:• Dark reference files don’t fully capture all the

features• Solution: selfcal (J. Anderson): use the actual

data to improve dark• WFC3/IR time-variable sky background:

• Changing background during multi-accum is problematic for standard calwf3 up-the-ramp slope fitting

• Solutions: correct for time-variable component and rerun calwf3, or treat multi-accums as a single exposure

• Persistence “bad actors”:• Bright spatial scanning obs can leave very bad

persistence• Solution: improved HST scheduling (for all

programs)

The HST Frontier Fields Program - Anton Koekemoer (STScI) - HST Calibration Workshop, 11 Aug 2014ACS Self-cal (see talk by Jay

Anderson)Default calacs (no selfcal) calacs after

selfcal


WFC3/IR Time-variable sky(see talk by Hilbert/Robberto/Lucas)

Before correction After correction


MAST / Archive Frontier Fields Data Page

http://archive.stsci.edu/prepds/frontier

• Deliver v0.5 mosaicson a weekly basis

• cumulative-depthstacks of all datato date

• Deliver v1.0 mosaicsat end of each epoch



Example MAST Interactive Displays


HST Frontier Fields Lensing Maps

lensing models are key to interpreting luminosities of background galaxies

5 groups have made preliminary magnification maps for FF before 1st observations

100s of arcs expected in FF data ⇒ tighter constraints on lensing models

www.stsci.edu/hst/campaigns/frontier-fields/Frontier-Fields-Lensing-Map-Seminar

http://www.stsci.edu/hst/campaigns/frontierfields


Mosaics Released to Date: Abell 2744

• Epoch 1: - v0.5 releases: Oct - Nov 2013 - v1.0 release 17 Dec 2013

• Epoch 2: - v0.5 releases: May - Jul 2013 - v1.0 release 23 Jul 2014

• Fields: - main cluster - parallel field “hffpar” - other surrounding fields


Mosaics Released to Date: MACS J0416-2403

• Epoch 1: - v0.5 releases: January 2013 - v1.0 release 28 Feb 2014

• Epoch 2: - v0.5 release: 9 Aug 2014 - more v0.5 releases as this epoch proceeds - epoch ends in Sep 2014


HST Frontier Fields: a legacy for the community

Continual updates are provided at the main HST Frontier Fields website: http://www.stsci.edu/hst/campaigns/frontier-fields

All raw HST DD data are public as soon as possible:STScI provides high-level science data products, including calibrated, full-depth drizzled mosaics on a fast-turnaround regular basis.All HST High-Level Science Products are available via MAST / Archive:


Lensing maps by multiple group/methods are being made available to pubic via MAST/Archive before HST FF observing campaign

A wide range of HST GO programs related to FF selected so far:SN followup; WFC3/UV; WFC3/IR grism , archival theory, lensing, asteroids, ...

5/6 fields observable with ALMA, 5/6 observable with Mauna Kea, 4/6 have MIPS 24micron, 4/6 suitable for deep radioAll are observable with JWST and selected for low IR background

http://www.stsci.edu/hst/campaigns/frontier-fields

http://www.stsci.edu/hst/campaigns/frontier-fields


the hst frontier fields program - anton koekemoer (stsci) - hst calibration workshop, 11 aug 2014...

Documents

hst frontier fields

orbits of hst

lensed fields

jennifer lotz stsci

probe galaxies

parallel blank fields

jason tumlinson stsci

magnified galaxies