the human body. health exercise walk ride a bike swim run get enough sleep eat a balanced diet...
TRANSCRIPT
UNIT 4
THE HUMAN BODY
health
exercise
walk
Ride a bike
swim
run
Get enough sleep
Eat a balanced diet
Proteins
Minerals
Fats
Vitamins
carbohydrates
Keep clean
brush teeth to remove plaque
Wash hands before eating
ING
ES
TIO
N
DIG
ES
TIO
NIn te stomach the food
mixes with gastric juices and turns into a thick liquid. The thick
liquid travels to the small intestine where
the food is broken down even more. A
BS
OR
PT
ION
The liver and the pancreas send juices to the smal intestine so that our body can now absorb the nutrients in the food.
ELI
MIN
AT
ION The remains of the
food that our body can’t use go tothe large intestines. Here our body has its last chance to take water from the food. The remains finally leave our body through the anus
The digestive process starts in the mouth. We chew our food and mix the food with the saliva. Our food passes to the oesophagus and then to our stomach.
THE DIGESTION PROCESS
mouth
oesophagus
liver
stomach
pancreas Largeintestine
Smallintestine
anus
THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
The excretory system
kidneys
Renal artery
Renal vein
ureters
bladder
urethra
The excretory system
The kidneys clean the waste from our blood. This waste combines with water to make urine. Urine goes down the ureters, and collects in the bladder.When the bladder starts to get full, the body tell us that it’s time to go to the toilet.Urine then leaves the body through the urethra.
The respiratory system
When we inhale, air enters our body through our nose and mouth. Tiny hairs inside the nose trap dust particles and clean the air.The air then passes through the pharynx and larynx as it goes down to the trachea.The trachea divides into two parts called bronchi. The air travels down the bronchi into the lungs.The bronchi divide into small tubes called bronchioles. At the end are alveoli which are covered in blood vessels.Here , the oxygen in the air is absorbed into the blood. Waste carbon dioxide passes from the blood to the alveoli.This exchange the gases is called respiration.
THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
nose
mouth
pharynx
larynx
trachea
bronchi
lung
bronchioles
diaphragmalveoli
large with thick walls carry oxygenated blood from the heart to the rest of the body.
thinner walls carry blood back to the heart.
tiny connect arteries and veins
yellowish liquid made up of 90% water carries
nutrients and waste products
carry oxygen and carbon dioxide contain haemoglobin
fight infection
join together when the body is losing blood
Pumps the blood around the body.
THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
aorta Pulmonary artery
Pulmonary vein
Left atrium
Left ventricle
Right ventricle
Right atrium
Complete the following sentences.
Red blood cells carry
__________________________________________________________________________
_______.
The blood gets oxygen from the ___________________________________.
Blood carries ___________________________ from the small intestine.
____________________ blood cells fight germs.
Blood travels to all parts of the ___________________________.
The liquid part of blood is called __________________________.
________________ blood cells give blood its colour.
________________ form blood clots.
REVISION
Nutrition is a very complex process in humans.
Four body systems have to work together to perform the process.
• The digestive system breaks down the food into nutrients.
• The circulatory system takes the nutrients and oxygen to all parts of the body.
• The respiratory system obtains oxygen from the air. Oxygen is necessary for the
transformation of the nutrients into energy.
• The excretory system eliminates harmful waste produced in the process