the human face in economics may 19-20 2016 - iast...the human face in economics may 19-20 2016...
TRANSCRIPT
TheHumanFaceinEconomicsMay19-202016
ConfirmedinvitedspeakersMicheleBELOT LisaDEBRUINE WimDENEYSCatherineECKEL EvaKRUMHUBER DanielKRUPPPedroREYBIEL NickRULE SigridSUETENS
JeroenVANDEVEN Organizers
Jean-FrançoisBONNEFONandBorisVANLEEUWEN Registration
http://www.iast.fr/conference/human-face-economics
Thursday,May1911:00–11:25 Welcomecoffee11:25–11:30 Openingwords11:30–12:30 CatherineEckel(TexasA&MUniversity) ShoppingforTrust12:30–14:00 Lunch14:00–15:00 LisaDeBruine(UniversityofGlasgow)
Facialcuesandprosocialversussexualmotivation15:00–16:00 SigridSuetens(TilburgUniversity) Theeffectofsimilarityonpreferencesandbeliefs16:00–16:30 Coffeebreak16:30–17:30 JeroenvandeVen(UniversityofAmsterdam) LyinginYourFace17:30–19:00 Postersessionanddrinks PostersJeanneBovet(IAST)TheSearchforaMaritalPartnerinYunnan,ChinaAndreiIvanescu(CLLE–LTC)Third-partykinrecognitionthroughfacialcuesofresemblanceLinaKoppel(LinköpingUniversity)TheEffectofConsciousandNonconsciousAffectonEconomicDecisionMaking
TimLohse(BerlinSchoolofEconomicsandLaw)DoIndividualsPutEffortintoLying?EvidenceFromaComplianceExperimentTommasoReggiani(LUMSAU.-Rome)TheEffectofCommunicationChannelsonPromise-MakingandPromise-Keeping:ALaboratoryExperimentVeronikaVejvodováandMiroslavZajicek(UniversityofEconomicsinPrague)Dependenceofpoliticalleaders´officialphotosontheformofgovernmentinthewesternworld(1821-2013)
20:00 Dinner(byinvitationonly)
Friday,May208:30–9:00 Welcomecoffee9:00–10:00 NicholasRule(UniversityofToronto)
AccuracyandConsensusinSocialPerception10:00–11:00 WimDeNeys(CNRS,UniversitéParisDescartes)
FacialTrustworthinessDetection:BlinkorThink?11:00–11:30 Coffeebreak11:30–12:30 PedroReyBiel(UniversitatAutònomadeBarcelona)
UtilityandWillingness-to-PayThroughEmotionMeasuringandPay-What-You-WantPricing
12:30–14:00 Lunch14:00–15:00 MicheleBelot(UniversityofEdinburgh)
Biasesinthememoryoffaces:Apossiblemechanismfordiscrimination?
15:00–16:00 EvaKrumhuber(UniversityCollegeLondon) InterpersonalEffectsofMoneyonPerceptionandBehavior16:00–16:30 Coffeebreak16:30–17:30 DanielKrupp(OneEarthFuture,Queen’sUniversity)
‘Phenocentrism’andeconomicbehaviour
SpeakersMicheleBelot(UniversityofEdinburgh)[email protected]://sites.google.com/site/mvkbelot/Biasesinthememoryoffaces:Apossiblemechanismfordiscrimination?Ipresenttwostudiesontheabilitytorecallpeople’sfacesandsociallyrelevantinformationattachedtothem.Thefirststudyisalaboratoryexperimentstudyingbiasesintheabilitytorememberpeoplewithinoracrossethnicgroups.Thesecondstudyisafieldexperimentevaluatingpeople’sabilitytorememberothersinarealsocialcontext–anacademicconference.LisaDeBruine(UniversityofGlasgow)[email protected]://facelab.org/People/debruineFacialcuesandprosocialversussexualmotivationOnepotentialexplanationforeconomicbehaviourthatdoesnotmaximisepayoffsisthatplayersarealsoconsideringnoneconomicfactorsintheircalculations.Here,Iwilldiscusstwoexamplesthatcanbecommunicatedbythehumanface:kinshipandattractiveness.First,IwilldiscusshowInclusiveFitnessTheoryexplainsthecircumstancesunderwhichbenefitstoothersatacosttoselfcanresultinnetreproductivefitnessgains.Iwillillustratethiswithexamplesofhowfacialkinshipcuesinfluencebehaviourineconomicgames.Second,Iwilldiscusshowmatingandcoalitionalmotivationsmaybeachievedthrougheconomiclosses,illustratedbystudiesexploringtheeffectofpartner’sandownfacialattractivenessonbehaviourineconomicgames.
WimDeNeys(CNRS,UniversitéParisDescartes)[email protected]://www.wdeneys.org/FacialTrustworthinessDetection:BlinkorThink?Availableevidencesuggeststhatthatwhenmakingtrustdecisionsineconomicgames,peoplecandemonstratesomeminimalbutobservableaccuracyindetectingtrustworthinessfromthefacialfeaturesofunknownpartners.InmytalkIwillpresentanoverviewofourstudiesthathavetriedtopinpointandcharacterizethecognitivenatureofthisdetectionprocess.Iwillconcludebydiscussingwiderimplications,limitations,andchallengesofthiswork.(withAstridHopfensitz,&Jean-FrançoisBonnefon)
CatherineEckel(TexasA&MUniversity)[email protected]://sites.google.com/site/eckelcatherine/ShoppingforTrustIndividualsentertrustrelationshipsvoluntarily,andinmanycasescarefullyscreentheircounterparts.Inthisstudywesetupanenvironmentwheresubjects“shop”foratrustworthypartner,selectinga(real)partnerfromasetofphotographs.Firstmoversinthetrustgameranksecondmovers.Playersarethenmatchedbasedonrankingsusinganincentive-compatiblemechanism,andcompleteastandardtrustgamewiththeirmatchedcounterpart.Attheendofthestudy,subjectsrateallthephotosonasetofwordpairs(includingrace,gender,ethnicity,attractiveness,etc.)Weexaminetheratingsofthefacesinthephotos,andanalyzetheimpactofindividualcharacteristicsonthelikelihoodofbeinghighlyranked.Smilingandmoreattractivecounterpartsarerankedhigher,butgenderandethnicityarenotimportantdeterminantsofranking.Inthetrustgameweshowthatchoosingapartnersubstantiallyincreasestrustandreciprocity,butseelittlediscriminationotherwisebasedonthecharacteristicsofthecounterparts.Trustpays,inthesensethatreciprocityismorethanadequatetocompensatetheinitialtrustingmove.
[email protected]://www.ucl.ac.uk/pals/research/experimental-psychology/person/eva-krumhuber/InterpersonalEffectsofMoneyonPerceptionandBehaviorAsthemostprevalentmediumofeconomicexchange,moneyhasbroughtprofoundchangesandconveniencetoindividualsandgroups.Yet,whenitcomestointerpersonalrelationships,moneyhasbeenfoundtohaveadarkunderbellybyincreasingselfishnessandbreedingunethicalbehavior.Inthistalk,Iwillpresentevidencefromourlaboratorywhichsuggeststhatobjectificationasasocialcognitiveprocesshelpstoexplaintheunethicalandundesirableoutcomesbroughtaboutbymoney.Furthermore,Iwilldiscusshowinterindividualdifferencesmoderatetheeffectsofmoneyonemotionperceptionandcooperationinaneconomicgamecontext.(withXijingWang)DanielKrupp(OneEarthFuture,Queen’sUniversity)[email protected]://oneearthfuture.org/about/bios/daniel-brian-krupp‘Phenocentrism’andeconomicbehaviourRacism,ethnocentrism,andxenophobiaareinstancesofaphenomenonseenthroughoutthenaturalworld:discriminationbasedonjudgementsofsimilaritytoone’sownphenotype.Usingrecentadvancesinsocialevolutiontheory,Iwillshowhownaturalselectionreadilyproducessuch‘phenocentric’behaviour.Iwillthensurveytheliteratureonphenocentrisminhumansandotherspecies.Finally,Iwillusesocialevolutiontheorytogenerateaseriesofhypothesesabouttheeffectoffacialsimilarityoneconomicbehaviour.
PedroReyBiel(UniversitatAutònomadeBarcelona)[email protected]://pareto.uab.es/prey/UtilityandWillingness-to-PayThroughEmotionMeasuringandPay-What-You-WantPricingWeshowthat,aftercontrollingforindividualcharacteristics,willingnesstopayforanexperiencegooddependsonsubjectivequalityrelativetoexpectations,andnotonexpectationsorsubjectivequalityalone.Inourexperiment,wesellticketsforatheatreplayusingapay-what-you-wantmechanisminwhichtheaudiencefirstwatchestheshow,andthendecideshowmuchtopayforit.Basedonbeforeandafterquestionnairesandemotionmeasuringthroughvideorecordingsoftheaudience,wefindthatamongindividualsdeclaringthesameexpectationsorenjoymentthosewithalargergapbetweenexpectedandeffectiveenjoymentpaysignificantlymore.Oncethesatisfactiongapisaccountedfor,thelevelofexpectedenjoymentorexpostsubjectiveenjoymenthasnosignificanteffectinpredictingpayments.(withA.Gneezy,U.GneezyandJ.Llull)NicholasRule(UniversityofToronto)[email protected]://psych.utoronto.ca/users/rule/people.htmlAccuracyandConsensusinSocialPerceptionDespitetheproscriptiontonotjudgeabookbyitscover,peopleshowasurprisingcapacitytopredictinformationaboutothers'thoughts,traits,andbehavioursfromminimalnonverbalcues.Usingavarietyofmethodsacrossmultiplelevelsofanalysis,Iwillpresentdataillustratinghowjudgmentsoffacescanprovideinformationinformingpeople'sdecisionsaboutwhoyouare,howyouare,andhowyoudo.Specifically,Iwillshowhowsocialcategorymembershipcanbeaccuratelyandautomaticallyinferredfromfacesandevenindividualfacialfeatures;howthefacecanreliablysignalaperson'shealthandlongevity;andhowinformationaboutprofessionalsuccessisexpressedinfacialcues.Finally,Iwilldiscusssomeoftheboundaries,limitations,andconsequencesofperceptionsofsocialinformationfromtheface.SigridSuetens(TilburgUniversity)[email protected]://sigridsuetens.weebly.com/TheeffectofsimilarityonpreferencesandbeliefsWeinvestigateunderwhichcircumstancespeoplediscriminateonthebasisoffacialsimilarity.Inaseriesoflaboratoryexperiments,weseparatethreepossiblechannelsthroughwhichsimilaritycouldaffectdecisions:(i)preferences,(ii)beliefsaboutaveragebehavioror(iii)predictabilityofindividualbehavior.Participantsplaypositiveandnegativereciprocitygameswheretheyseeapictureofwhomtheyareplayingwith.Wefindlittleevidenceofdiscriminationbasedonpreferencesorbeliefs,butfindevidencethatpeoplebelievethatthebehaviorofsimilarothersismorepredictable.(withElenaCettolinandBorisvanLeeuwen)
JeroenvandeVen(UniversityofAmsterdam)[email protected]://sites.google.com/site/jeroenvandevensite/LyinginYourFaceTheexistingliteratureonliedetectionsuggeststhatlaymenobserversarenotveryaccurateinspottingdeception.Inmostofthosestudies,peopleareinstructedtotellthetruthoralie,andtypicallythereisnointeractionwiththeobservers.Wediscussevidencefromseveralstudiesinwhichpeoplehaveincentivestodeceiveothers,butarenotinstructedtolie,andinwhichtheycanchatorinteractface-to-face.Weexamineifsuchinteractionshelppeopletospotdeceptionandhowthisdependsontheincentives.Wealsoexamineifpeopleperceivetraitsofhonestyintheface,andwhetherobserversareabletopredicthowpeoplerespondtodifferentincentivestolie.
Posterpresenters
JeanneBovet(IAST)TheSearchforaMaritalPartnerinYunnan,ChinaAndreiIvanescu(CLLE–LTC)Third-partykinrecognitionthroughfacialcuesofresemblanceLinaKoppel(LinköpingUniversity)TheEffectofConsciousandNonconsciousAffectonEconomicDecisionMakingTimLohse(BerlinSchoolofEconomicsandLaw)DoIndividualsPutEffortintoLying?EvidenceFromaComplianceExperimentTommasoReggiani(LUMSAU.-Rome)TheEffectofCommunicationChannelsonPromise-MakingandPromise-Keeping:ALaboratoryExperimentVeronikaVejvodováandMiroslavZajicek(UniversityofEconomicsinPrague)Dependenceofpoliticalleaders´officialphotosontheformofgovernmentinthewesternworld(1821-2013)