the human muscular system. how many muscles???? there are over 650 muscles in the human body. we...
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The Human Muscular System
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How many Muscles????
• There are over 650 muscles in the human body.
• We have 43 different muscles just in our face!
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What are muscles made of?
• Muscles are composed of hundreds of small muscle fibres.
• They all contain two types of protein filaments called actin and myosin that slide past each other to help move your muscles
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Three types of muscles
• The human body contains three different types of muscles:
• Smooth muscle• Cardiac muscle• Skeletal muscle
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Smooth Muscle
• Smooth muscle can be found in your organs , skin and blood vessels.
• It is an involuntary muscle which means it is controlled by your autonomic nervous system
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Cardiac Muscle
• Cardiac muscle can only be found in your heart and it is also an involuntary muscle.
• Cardiac muscles are contracting every minute of every day of our lives!
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Skeletal Muscles
• Skeletal muscles are also known as striated muscles because the fibres look stripped.
• Skeletal muscles are voluntary muscles which means you control their movement.
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Skeletal Muscles
• Skeletal muscles are what allow you to move your skeleton.
• Muscles work in pairs. One muscle will flex a joint while the other muscle will extend the joint.
• A muscle will shorten when it flexes and lengthen when it extends
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Muscles in Groups
• We are going to study most of the muscles in groups because there are too many for us to learn each name!
• The following slides will identify the muscle groups you need to know and where they are.
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Trapezius
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Latissimus Dosrsi
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Triceps
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Gluteus maximus
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Hamstrings
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Gastrocnemius
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Deltoid
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Pectorals
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Biceps
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Abdominals
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Quadriceps
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Injuries to the Muscles
• Just like our skeletal system, sometimes we may injure our muscles.
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Muscle Strains
• Tears are often called pulled or strained muscles.
• The degree of the injury will determine treatment and recovery time.
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Categories of Muscle Strains
• GRADE 1 STRAINThere is damage to individual muscle fibres (less than 5% of fibres). This is a mild strain which requires 2 to 3 weeks rest.
• GRADE 2 STRAINThere is more extensive damage, with more muscle fibres involved, but the muscle is not completely ruptured. The rest period required is usually between 3 and 6 weeks.
• GRADE 3 STRAINThis is a complete rupture of a muscle. In a sports person this will usually require surgery to repair the muscle. The rehabilitation time is around 3 months.
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How to treat muscle injuries
• Follow the PRICE protocol:
• Protection of the injured area
• Rest
• Ice
• Compression
• Elevation
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Body Building
• Many people work very hard to build their muscles.
• They use various exercises to build strength and muscle mass.
• This is a common practice with many men and women today, and many compete in contests.
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Too much??
• Perhaps some people take the art of bodybuilding a little too far?
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How much is too much?