the humanitarian community mpat tempest express – 14 4-14 march 2008 phnom penh, cambodia

TheTheHumanitarian Humanitarian

CommunityCommunity

MPAT Tempest Express – 14MPAT Tempest Express – 14

4-14 March 20084-14 March 2008

Phnom Penh, CambodiaPhnom Penh, Cambodia

Humanitarian Community: Humanitarian Community: ObjectivesObjectives

Objectives: Discuss the Objectives: Discuss the responsibilities, mandates & responsibilities, mandates & operations of:operations of:

The host nation;The host nation; The United Nations and its agencies The United Nations and its agencies

& offices;& offices; International Organizations;International Organizations; The Red Cross / Red Crescent The Red Cross / Red Crescent

Movement Societies;Movement Societies; Non-governmental Organizations; &Non-governmental Organizations; & Donors.Donors.

Host NationHost NationN

eed

for

Assis

tan

ce

Emergency Relief Phase

TransitionPoint

Recovery / Development

Crisis

International Civilian Relief

International Military and

Civil Defence Relief

Local / National Response

Capacity building

UN

OC

HA

, M

od

ified

Host NationHost Nation

Ross Sovann, Disaster Management Advisor to the National Committee for Disaster Management

UN Agencies, Offices & UN Agencies, Offices & ProgrammesProgrammes

UNHCRUNHCR – UN High – UN High Commissioner for Commissioner for RefugeesRefugees

UNICEFUNICEF – UN – UN Children’s FundChildren’s Fund

WFPWFP – World Food – World Food ProgrammeProgramme

UNJLCUNJLC – UN – UN Joint Logistics Joint Logistics CentreCentre

UNDPUNDP – UN – UN Development Development ProgrammeProgramme

UN Agencies, Offices & UN Agencies, Offices & ProgrammesProgrammes

UNHCRUNHCR – UN High – UN High Commissioner for Commissioner for RefugeesRefugees

UNICEFUNICEF – UN – UN Children’s FundChildren’s Fund

WFPWFP – World Food – World Food ProgrammeProgramme

UNJLCUNJLC – UN – UN Joint Logistics Joint Logistics CentreCentre

UNDPUNDP – UN – UN Development Development ProgrammeProgramme

WHOWHO – World Health – World Health OrganizationOrganization

OHCHROHCHR – UN Office – UN Office of the High of the High Commissioner for Commissioner for Human RightsHuman Rights

UNFPAUNFPA– UN – UN Population FundPopulation Fund

OCHAOCHA – UN Office for – UN Office for the Coordination of the Coordination of Humanitarian Humanitarian AffairsAffairs

International OrganizationsInternational Organizations

International Organization for International Organization for Migration Migration

International organization with 120 International organization with 120 member states;member states;

Leading international agency dealing with Leading international agency dealing with migration issues:migration issues: Advance understanding of migration Advance understanding of migration

issues;issues; Encourage social and economic Encourage social and economic

development through migration;development through migration; Uphold human dignity and well-being of Uphold human dignity and well-being of

migrants.migrants.

Red Cross / Red Red Cross / Red Crescent MovementCrescent Movement

Red Cross/Red Crescent MovementRed Cross/Red Crescent Movement3 distinct entities:3 distinct entities:

ICRC – International Committee of the Red ICRC – International Committee of the Red Cross;Cross;

IFRC – International Federation of Red IFRC – International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies;Cross and Red Crescent Societies;

National Red Cross / Red Crescent Societies.National Red Cross / Red Crescent Societies.

ICRCICRC

ICRC – ICRC –

International Committee of the Red CrossInternational Committee of the Red Cross Mandate - To protect and assist the victims of Mandate - To protect and assist the victims of

armed conflict;armed conflict;

Protect POWs, detainees & civilians, tracing of Protect POWs, detainees & civilians, tracing of missing persons, family reunification, missing persons, family reunification, humanitarian relief;humanitarian relief;

Mandate conferred under 1949 Geneva Mandate conferred under 1949 Geneva Conventions & 1977 Protocols, and ICRC Conventions & 1977 Protocols, and ICRC Statutes.Statutes.

-Prison visits;Prison visits;-Tracing missing Tracing missing persons;persons;

-Safe water, food and Safe water, food and medical assistance;medical assistance;

-Family reunification;Family reunification; -Promoting IHL;Promoting IHL;

ICR

C

IFRCIFRC

IFRC – International Federation of Red IFRC – International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent SocietiesCross and Red Crescent Societies Founded in 1919;Founded in 1919; Consists of 186 national societies, a Consists of 186 national societies, a

Secretariat and 60+ delegations Secretariat and 60+ delegations worldwide;worldwide;

Works with & assists national societies Works with & assists national societies with:with:-Promoting Promoting humanitarian humanitarian principles & values;principles & values;

-Disaster Disaster preparedness;preparedness;

-Health & care in the Health & care in the community.community.

-Disaster response;Disaster response;-Guidelines on Guidelines on International International Disaster ResponsesDisaster Responses

IFR

C

National Red National Red Cross /Cross /

Red Crescent Red Crescent SocietiesSocietiesNational SocietiesNational Societies

186 National Red Cross or Red Crescent 186 National Red Cross or Red Crescent societies;societies;

1 national society in a country – either 1 national society in a country – either Red Cross or Red Crescent:Red Cross or Red Crescent:

Auxiliaries to public authorities in their Auxiliaries to public authorities in their country:country:

-Membership open Membership open to all without to all without discrimination;discrimination;

-Work throughout Work throughout the country;the country;

-Promoting Promoting humanitarian humanitarian principles & values;principles & values;

-Disaster Disaster preparedness;preparedness;

-Disaster response;Disaster response; -Health & care in Health & care in the community.the community.

CRC

CR

C

NGOsNGOs

Non-Governmental Organizations – Non-Governmental Organizations – NGOsNGOs

Not an agencies of a government or UN;Not an agencies of a government or UN; Private humanitarian organizations Private humanitarian organizations

established by individual charters;established by individual charters; Diverse in size, organization, motive, Diverse in size, organization, motive,

resources, function and mission;resources, function and mission; Funded by grants or private donations;Funded by grants or private donations; National or international;National or international; Essential to humanitarian operations:Essential to humanitarian operations:

Implementing partners for UN and donor Implementing partners for UN and donor government projectsgovernment projects

One of first responders to arrive, last to One of first responders to arrive, last to leave leave

Primary “on-the-ground” humanitarian Primary “on-the-ground” humanitarian actorsactors

Save the ChildrenInternational

NGOsNGOsWeaknesses:Weaknesses: Not a homogenous Not a homogenous

system;system; Lack of collaboration;Lack of collaboration; Small size;Small size; Identify projects in Identify projects in

areas of expertise;areas of expertise; Donor dependent;Donor dependent; Government funding Government funding

can erode can erode independence.independence.

Strengths:Strengths: Critical recipient level Critical recipient level

humanitarian work;humanitarian work; Small size = less Small size = less

bureaucracy, cheaper bureaucracy, cheaper & more effective;& more effective;

Increased scope & Increased scope & independence;independence;

Access to local Access to local knowledge;knowledge;

Non-partisanship Non-partisanship essential to security;essential to security;

Work protected by Work protected by international international convention.convention.

Oxf

am

DonorsDonors

DonorsDonors

UN & otherUN & otherinternationalinternationalorganizationsorganizations

International NGOsInternational NGOs

National NGOsNational NGOs

Donors: Donors: Agencies & SourcesAgencies & Sources

Major Donors:Major Donors: AusAIDAusAID – Australian Council for – Australian Council for

International AidInternational Aid CIDACIDA – Canadian International – Canadian International

Development AgencyDevelopment Agency DfIDDfID – UK Dept. for International – UK Dept. for International

DevelopmentDevelopment ECHOECHO – European Community – European Community

Humanitarian OfficeHumanitarian Office JICAJICA – Japanese International – Japanese International

Cooperation AgencyCooperation Agency USAIDUSAID – United States Agency for – United States Agency for

International DevelopmentInternational Development Private donationsPrivate donations

Humanitarian CommunityHumanitarian Community

Questions?Questions?

MSF

the humanitarian community mpat tempest express – 14 4-14 march 2008 phnom penh, cambodia

Documents

red crossmandate

red crescent societiesfounded

host nationthe united

mandates operations

high commissioner

cambodiahumanitarian

national societies

humanitarian reliefmandate