the hundred days refresh
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Do Now: Which new deal program did you think was the best and why? (Base these off the presentations from yesterday) . Objectives: Students will be able to...(1) Describe the function of the major New Deal programs (2) analyze the info and form opinions on it's success - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Do Now: Which new deal program did you think was the best and why? (Base these off the presentations from yesterday) Objectives: Students will be able to...(1) Describe the function of the major New Deal programs (2) analyze the info and form opinions on it's success
Homework: Continue Reading Through Chapter on your Own
The Hundred Days Refresh
• An impressive 15 acts of legislation were passed early on in FDR’s presidency
• Born out of a divided administration (Many opinion)
Step 1: Fix the Banks!
• Declared a Bank Holiday right when he took office
• Emergency Banking Relief Act passed after just 38 mins!
• FDR then addressed 60 Million people in Fireside Chat
• Following day the deposits outweighed withdrawals
Regulating Banks & Brokers
• Advisors to FDR wanted him to go further to Trust-bust and create fair competition
• Securities Act of 1933 – This created the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC)
• The Glass-Steagall Act – This created the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC)
Step 2: Managing Farms & Industry
• Advisors believed that struggles came from low prices and high production
• Agricultural Adjustment Administration (AAA) – Government paid farmers NOT to grow certain crops • Had to destroy crops already planted
• By 1936 farm surplus had ended and food prices rose (Hard Criticism
• Large farmers did better than small ones because they had one crop vs. many
• African American became homeless and jobless when landlords chose to shut down their land
Step 3: Debt Relief
• Americans were in debt – cut back spending
• Home Owners Loan Corporation (HOLC) – Government bought loans and restructured with longer terms less interest• 1 out of 5 mortgages were helped• Still foreclosed if people lost jobs
• Farm Credit Administration (FCA) – Similar program for farmers
Step 4: Spending and Relief Programs
• Didn’t want to simply GIVE money to the unemployed
• Thought people could build morale and develop skills
Programs
• Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) – Gave men 18-25 conservationist jobs• Planting Trees, fighting forest fires, and building reservoirs
• Public Works and Emergency Relief – Created FERA (Led by Harry Hopkins) • Public Works Administration (PWA) – Created construction
projects, like highways, dams, sewers, water-works, schools, etc. • Indirect Hiring
• Civil Works Administration (CWA) – Similar to PWA but employees hired directly ($1 Billion Spent) • Direct Hiring
• Became alarmed at the spending and shut down program
First Term Thoughts
• These programs did not restore prosperity
• His actions inspired hope and optimism • Faith in nation had returned
• Why do you think faith returned???
The Second New Deal
Do Now: Grab a worksheet from Mr. Collison and fill in the first part of the chart with a partner
Objectives: Students will be able to...(1) analyze an image for key information (2) describe the second New Deal (3) compare and contrast the two New Deals
Homework: Guided reading sheet for 23-4
Opponents of the New Deal
• Who opposed the New Deal?
• Why did they oppose it?
• What is deficit spending?
• What comparisons can you make to our current economy?
Opposition from Right & Left
• People on the Right: • Thought he was putting too much regulations
on Government• Deficit Spending – scared business leaders • Formed American Liberty League –
Organized opposition to the New Deal• People on the Left: • Believed he had not gone far enough• Wanted more dramatic intervention
Second New Deal Programs
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V8iC1-eC3zo• Works Progress Administration (WPA) - Similar to PWA
and CWA• $11 Billion Spent• Built: • 650,000 miles of highways, roads and streets• 125,000 public buildings • 8,000 parks
• Improved: • 124,000 bridges• 853 airports
Supreme Court
• Programs were taking longer to pass in congress. Why? • Supreme court struck down National Industrial Recovery
Act (NIRA)• Schechter vs. United States – “ The sick chicken” case• Schechter brothers violated chicken provision by selling
diseased chickens and paying workers too little. • Supreme court ruled that Congress could not delegate
powers to Executive Branch
Industrial Unions
• National Labor Relations Board (Wagner Act): • The act guaranteed workers the right to organize unions and
to bargain collectively• Set up binding arbitration – neutral party listens to both
sides and decides on issues • Committee for Industrial Organization: Organization
formed to help organize unions
Strikes
• Sit-Down Strikes: Workers who stopped working but refused to leave plants
• Flint, Michigan Auto-Plant: Union workers went on strike and it turned violent
• Similar situations happened around the country
Social Security Act
• GOAL – To provide help for those unemployed through no fault of their own
• People it helped: • Elderly who stopped work after 65• Unemployed• People with disabilities• Poor families with young children
• Critics didn’t like that the $$ came from payroll taxes on workers
• Helped a lot of people initially, but left our the neediest of people at the time (Farmers and domestic workers)• 65 % African Americans fell in to this category
Your task….
• Using the chart on the back and the book, identify what those major programs accomplished, and who might have opposed them