the impact of 33--d visiond vision 33--d vision in our d
TRANSCRIPT
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The Impact of The Impact of 33--D Vision in our D Vision in our High Tech WorldHigh Tech Worldgg
Dr. Kris Kerestan Dr. Kris Kerestan
GarbigGarbig
[email protected]@fuse.net
33--D VisionD Vision
Optometry’s unique opportunityOptometry’s unique opportunityin early detection of visual problemsin early detection of visual problems
Use of 3Use of 3--D technology in entertainmentD technology in entertainmentand educationand education
Public visual health awareness Public visual health awareness
Visual skills needed to Visual skills needed to see in 3see in 3--D?D?
You need two well-functioning eyes, with clear vision in each
Y d h d h k f f i You need to have mastered the task of focusing on objects near & far
You need to develop the ability to coordinate eye movements
You need to “fuse” the different images coming from each eye into one 3D perception
Early detectionEarly detection
AmblyopiaAmblyopia Refractive errorRefractive error Binocularity dysfunctionBinocularity dysfunction Binocularity dysfunctionBinocularity dysfunction Accommodative dysfunctionAccommodative dysfunction
Eye movement deficiencyEye movement deficiency Visual developmental delaysVisual developmental delays Declining school and sports performance Declining school and sports performance
Early detectionEarly detection
Result is monocular vision
LAZY EYE (Amblyopia)One eye dominates the other and vision signals from the
non-dominant eye are ignored
People with amblyopia do not experience stereopsis
Need diagnosis and treatment as early as possible
Before using 3D viewing as risk assessment tool, many children with conditions causing amblyopia went undetected and untreated
Amblyopia CorrectionAmblyopia Correction
Glasses or ContactsGlasses or Contacts
PatchingPatching TraditionalTraditional
Eye dropsEye drops
Vision therapyVision therapy
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Early detectionEarly detection
• Nearsightedness (myopia)• Farsightedness (hyperopia)• Astigmatism (image is blurred no matter
where you look)
REFRACTIVE PROBLEMS
where you look)
• Two eyes not properly aligned• Strabismus (eye turn) is present• Inputs from the two eyes not successfully
combined in the brain and 3D stereoscopic perception will not occur
LACK OF BINOCULAR VISION
Correction of Correction of Refractive Error Refractive Error
Glasses and/or Glasses and/or
Contact lensesContact lensesContact lensesContact lenses
MyopiaMyopia
HyperopiaHyperopia
AstigmatismAstigmatism
Binocular Vision Binocular Vision CorrectionCorrection
Initial correction of amblyopia Initial correction of amblyopia
and/or refractive error and/or refractive error
Vision therapyVision therapy
In office VTIn office VT Computerized VTComputerized VT
Early detectionEarly detection
Seeing double
EYE COORDINATION DIFFICULTIES
Difficulty in keeping the two eyes aligned can result in:
Eye fatigue
Avoidance of close up work, such as reading
Quality of the 3D viewing experience compromised
Eye Coordination DifficultiesEye Coordination Difficulties
Double visionDouble vision Avoidance of close Avoidance of close work and readingwork and reading
FatigueFatigue
Eye Coordination Eye Coordination CorrectionCorrection
Vision therapyVision therapy
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Early detectionEarly detection
EYE FOCUSING (Accommodation) DIFFICULTIESOur eyes need to change focus when viewing objects at
different distances. When viewing 3D displays, individuals having difficulty can experience:
Blur
Headache
Discomfort
Correction of Correction of AccommodationAccommodation
Reading lensesReading lenses Vision therapyVision therapy
Early detectionEarly detection
Early detection of amblyopia, refractive error, Early detection of amblyopia, refractive error, binocularity, focusing and eye movement binocularity, focusing and eye movement problems will also result in… problems will also result in… pp
Earlier detection of…Earlier detection of… Visual developmental delaysVisual developmental delays Learning related visual problemsLearning related visual problems Drop in school and/or sports performance Drop in school and/or sports performance
Understanding the 3Understanding the 3--D Viewing D Viewing ExperienceExperience
Is it uncomfortable watching 3Is it uncomfortable watching 3--D?D?
33--Ds of Stereoscopic Ds of Stereoscopic 33--D ViewingD Viewing
DDizziness/Nausea:izziness/Nausea:
Exaggerates visual motionExaggerates visual motion
hypersensitivity (VMH) response,hypersensitivity (VMH) response,
which which can cause motion sicknesscan cause motion sickness
and vergenceand vergence--accommodationaccommodation
conflict conflict
Feeling of dizziness or nauseaFeeling of dizziness or nausea
during or after viewing 3D during or after viewing 3D
contentcontent
Causes of 3Causes of 3--D Viewing ChallengesD Viewing Challenges
DIZZINESS AND NAUSEA –Can be caused by rapid motion effects in the 3D content
These vision-induced sensations of movement disagree with “balance system” which informs the individual that she/he is not moving
This conflicting sensory information can cause vision-induced motion sickness
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33--Ds of Stereoscopic Ds of Stereoscopic 33--D ViewingD Viewing
DDiscomfort:iscomfort:Eyes must converge in Eyes must converge in front of or behind the front of or behind the screen to view 3Dscreen to view 3Dscreen to view 3D screen to view 3D images which can images which can potentially create potentially create eyestrain and eyestrain and headaches. headaches.
****Sitting at a greaterSitting at a greater
distance from the screendistance from the screen
can help relieve straincan help relieve strain
33--Ds of Stereoscopic Ds of Stereoscopic 33--D ViewingD Viewing
Lack of Lack of DDepth:epth:
A viewer lacking binocular A viewer lacking binocular ggvision simply won’t see 3D. vision simply won’t see 3D. While this doesn’t pose anyWhile this doesn’t pose anyproblem viewing the screen, it problem viewing the screen, it serves as a “vision screening” serves as a “vision screening” that something is abnormal that something is abnormal with the viewer’s binocularwith the viewer’s binocularvisionvision
Why don’t people go to Why don’t people go to the eye doctor?the eye doctor?
60% of Americans above age 40 say there is60% of Americans above age 40 say there isNONO immediate or perceived immediate or perceived reason reason to goto go
56% of Americans between ages 1856% of Americans between ages 18--38 have 38 have symptoms related to binocular vision problemssymptoms related to binocular vision problems
Public awareness/education of the 3Public awareness/education of the 3--DDsymptoms of 3symptoms of 3--D viewing may potentiallyD viewing may potentiallydrive patients to our offices if they experiencedrive patients to our offices if they experiencethe symptoms the symptoms
Snellen Acuity ChartSnellen Acuity Chart
Poor screening toolPoor screening tool(used for the past 150 yrs)(used for the past 150 yrs)
Only 27% sensitiveOnly 27% sensitiveyy Misses most…Misses most…
HyperopiaHyperopia AstigmatismAstigmatism Imbalanced refractive errorImbalanced refractive error Binocular problemsBinocular problems Focusing problems Focusing problems Alignment issuesAlignment issues Eye movement problems Eye movement problems
33--D ViewingD Viewing
Superior screening toolSuperior screening tool
4747--94% sensitivity94% sensitivity4747 94% sensitivity94% sensitivity
Detects most Detects most Refractive error & ImbalancesRefractive error & Imbalances
Binocular, Convergence & Binocular, Convergence &
Accommodative insufficiencyAccommodative insufficiency
Eye Alignment & MovementEye Alignment & Movement
difficultiesdifficulties
Children’s Vision Children’s Vision EXAM LegislationEXAM Legislation
What 3 states currently have What 3 states currently have comprehensive children’s visioncomprehensive children’s visionEXAM EXAM laws??laws??
20002000 KYKY20072007 MOMO20082008 ILIL
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Why is Seeing 3Why is Seeing 3--D Important?D Important?
It helps develop efficient reading skills
It increases participation in classroom as more schools adopt 3D as teaching tool
Increasingly utilized in a growing list of professions
33--D ImageryD Imagery
Commonplace experience Commonplace experience for every sector of our for every sector of our communitycommunity
Entertainment IndustryEntertainment Industry
MoviesMovies
HDTVHDTV
ComputersComputersComputers Computers
Gaming systemsGaming systems
Mobile devicesMobile devices
EyewearEyewear
How do 3How do 3--D D Displays Work?Displays Work?
Evolution of 3Evolution of 3--D viewing technologies D viewing technologies
Anaglyph
Active Shutter
Passive Polarized
Glasses Free
How 3How 3--D Displays WorkD Displays WorkANAGLYPH• The viewer wears glasses with different-colored filters (usually red and blue) placed in front of each eye. The two
stereo images – left eye and right eye – are also colored red and blue. In theory, each eye will therefore only seethe image intended for it. Recently, more advanced forms of color separation (known as wavelength multiplex visualization) have been developed, with striking – and economical – results.
PASSIVE POLARIZED• The viewer wears glasses with oppositely polarized filters placed in front of each eye. The two stereo images are
also projected through oppositely polarized filters so that each eye only sees the view intended for it In movie also projected through oppositely polarized filters, so that each eye only sees the view intended for it. In movie theaters the effect is achieved by using special screens that preserve the polarization of each reflected image. In the home, image electronics and special screen materials produce the polarizing effect.
ACTIVE SHUTTER• The viewers wear battery-powered glasses that receive signals from the TV equipment, or the classroom projector,
which instructs them to alternately occlude each eye in synchrony with the alternating (left and right eye) images being displayed. This ‘eye sequential shuttering’ typically occurs 120 times a second – too fast to be perceived. Some movie theaters around the world use this technology.
‘GLASSES-FREE’ 3D (‘autostereoscopy’)• Currently, this technology works best in displays that are viewed at close distances and in carefully controlled
environments. It does have applications in certain specialized signage and entertainment situations, but is not yet suitable for larger audiences.
How 3How 3--D Displays WorkD Displays Work
Anaglyph Anaglyph -- mostmost
basic form of 3basic form of 3--DD Utilizes different coloredUtilizes different colored
images & filters in front ofimages & filters in front of
each eyeeach eye
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How 3How 3--D Displays WorkD Displays Work Passive Polarization Passive Polarization Utilizes images andUtilizes images and
lenses of opposite lenses of opposite polarization in front of polarization in front of ppeach eyeeach eye
Method currently Method currently used in most used in most 33--D D movies movies Achieved with special Achieved with special
screen filtersscreen filters Most economicalMost economical
How 3How 3--D Displays WorkD Displays Work Active ShutterActive Shutter Alternate occlusion of the OD and Alternate occlusion of the OD and
OS images in sync with the OS images in sync with the alternating screen images being alternating screen images being displayed displayed
Sequential “Sequential “shutteringshuttering” occurs” occurs Sequential Sequential shutteringshuttering occurs occurs
at a very high rate of speed at a very high rate of speed (120X/sec.) = Flicker Effect (120X/sec.) = Flicker Effect
Requires complex timing and Requires complex timing and expensive glasses expensive glasses
Used in most Used in most HDTV and homeHDTV and home
entertainmententertainment
33--D MoviesD Movies Illusionary motion picture Illusionary motion picture
technology has its roots technology has its roots based in stereoscopic based in stereoscopic photographyphotography
Th fil i ll h tTh fil i ll h t The film is generally shot The film is generally shot using two perspectives using two perspectives which are not too different which are not too different from each other from each other
Two sets of films appear Two sets of films appear as a single image with the as a single image with the help of special glasses help of special glasses
Rated the top 3D movie of all time
Uses 3D as an immersive world, creating an entirely believable and utterly enchanting planet to explore
•• Beauty and the Beast Beauty and the Beast
•• TitanicTitanic
•• Men in Black IIIMen in Black III
•• The Amazing The Amazing The Amazing The Amazing SpiderSpider--ManMan
•• Toy Story 2Toy Story 2
•• Finding NemoFinding Nemo
••
3 C’s of 33 C’s of 3--D Movie makingD Movie making
1. Comfortable
2. Consistent
3. Captivating
By Using: Coloring
Lighting
Shadowing
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33--D HDTVD HDTV
USA currently has 9 channels dedicated to 3USA currently has 9 channels dedicated to 3--DD ESPN3DESPN3D sports channelsports channel
3net 3net history/action/travel/kids/lifestyle/concerts history/action/travel/kids/lifestyle/concerts
Xfi it 3DXfi it 3D i di d d dd d Xfinity3D Xfinity3D movies and programs onmovies and programs on--demand demand
3D 3D dedicated ondedicated on--demand DirectTV channel demand DirectTV channel
33--D HDTVD HDTV
3D commercials3D commercialsused as compelling used as compelling marketing tools marketing tools
New carsNew cars New foodNew food New soda New soda New technologyNew technology New services New services
Consumers react more positively Consumers react more positively to the images they see in 3D.to the images they see in 3D.
33--D ComputersD Computers
3D gaming3D gaming
BluBlu--ray movies ray movies
Future seeFuture see--throughthrough
33--D computersD computers
33--D Gaming SystemsD Gaming Systems
PS3
Voyageur 3D Gaming System
Nintendo 3DS
Nvidia 3D
Vision system
33--D Mobile DevicesD Mobile Devices
GlassesGlasses--freefree
stereoscopicstereoscopicstereoscopicstereoscopic
visionvision
Mobile phonesMobile phones
Mobile devicesMobile devices
33--D prescription glassesD prescription glasses
Marchon 3DMarchon 3D Gunnar OptiksGunnar Optiks
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AOA 2011 American AOA 2011 American EyeEye--Q surveyQ survey
53% of parents with children 53% of parents with children 18 or younger believe 3D 18 or younger believe 3D viewing is harmful toviewing is harmful toa child's visiona child's vision
29% feel very 29% feel very concerned concerned that their child that their child may damage their may damage their eyes due to eyes due to prolonged use of prolonged use of computers or computers or handhand--held electronic devicesheld electronic devices
33--D in the HighD in the High--Tech Tech ClassroomClassroom
Teachers are incorporating 3D imaging, Teachers are incorporating 3D imaging, digital devices and the latest computerdigital devices and the latest computerdigital devices, and the latest computer digital devices, and the latest computer applications into their daily curriculumapplications into their daily curriculum
Learn fasterLearn faster Concentrate betterConcentrate better Retain betterRetain better
46% increase in student engagement46% increase in student engagement
33--D Classroom D Classroom ResearchResearch
Between 17Between 17-- 25% increase in 25% increase in
test scorestest scores
Increase motivation, attention, participationIncrease motivation, attention, participation
Decrease behavior problems Decrease behavior problems
33--D in the ClassroomD in the Classroom
Approximately 40% of children in Approximately 40% of children in
special education classes have special education classes have
some sort ofsome sort of vision problemvision problemsome sort of some sort of vision problem vision problem
that is preventing themthat is preventing them
from moving into a from moving into a
regular classroomregular classroom
33--D in the ClassroomD in the Classroom “It helped to see a 3“It helped to see a 3--D D
view of things. It was view of things. It was easier for me to easier for me to picture and picture and understand the understand the
"These 3"These 3--D videos D videos help me learn easier, help me learn easier, because I'm a visual because I'm a visual learner...in 3D…it’s learner...in 3D…it’s literally right in front literally right in front understand the understand the
structure.”structure.”5th Grade Student, CO5th Grade Student, CO
y gy gof you.” of you.” 88thth ggrade Student, MIrade Student, MI
33--D Beyond the D Beyond the ClassroomClassroom
SportsSports DrivingDriving Operation ofOperation of Operation of Operation of
complex machinerycomplex machinery Performing manyPerforming many
fine motor tasksfine motor tasks
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Future of 3Future of 3--D imagingD imaging
ScienceScience TechnologyTechnology IndustryIndustry MilitaryMilitary MedicineMedicine NeurosurgeryNeurosurgery Eye surgeryEye surgery MRI MRI
33--D ViewingD Viewing
Tests on viewers Tests on viewers
watching 3D show watching 3D show gg
an increased level an increased level
of activity in certainof activity in certain
parts of the brain, parts of the brain,
but a drop in but a drop in
heartheart--raterate..
AOA and 3D@Home AOA and 3D@Home ConsortiumConsortium
Group of more than 50 companies and Group of more than 50 companies and organizations collaborating together toorganizations collaborating together toensure that the quality of the 3D viewingensure that the quality of the 3D viewingq y gq y gexperience is as high as possibleexperience is as high as possible
Entertainment companiesEntertainment companies Consumer electronics and technology Consumer electronics and technology 33--D display manufacturersD display manufacturers Public healthPublic health AOAAOA
33--D Benefits D Benefits –– A Public Health ToolA Public Health Tool
American Optometric Association, along with other vision health professionals, has stated publicly that –
there is NO evidence that viewing or attempting to view 3D i ill h hild’
American Optometric Association, along with other vision health professionals, has stated publicly that –
there is NO evidence that viewing or attempting to view 3D i ill h hild’ images will harm a child’s eyesimages will harm a child’s eyes
For an estimated 1 in 4 children, and millions of adults -difficulties with 3D viewing can unmask undiagnosed
deficiencies & lead to treatment
For an estimated 1 in 4 children, and millions of adults -difficulties with 3D viewing can unmask undiagnosed
deficiencies & lead to treatment
33--D as Secondary D as Secondary Prevention ToolPrevention Tool
Vision screening performed onVision screening performed onASYMPTOMATICASYMPTOMATIC populations populations
Uncover vision problems Uncover vision problems BEFOREBEFOREpeople have symptoms or even realize people have symptoms or even realize that they have a problemthat they have a problem
20%20% of those who view 3D contentof those who view 3D contenthave “3D vision syndrome” have “3D vision syndrome”
Children Children ANDAND AdultsAdults
Optometry’s Role Optometry’s Role
Ask Ask ALL ALL patients (young patients (young ANDAND old)old)about 3about 3--D visual complaints with D visual complaints with movie, TV, games, etc.movie, TV, games, etc.
Case historyCase history VA’sVA’s Refractive Refractive
error error
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Optometry’s RoleOptometry’s Role
Binocularity testingBinocularity testing
Distance and Distance and near stereo near stereo
AmpsAmps NPC NPC CTCT VergencesVergences Oculomotor assessmentOculomotor assessment
Optometry’s RoleOptometry’s Role
Diagnose and treat early!!Diagnose and treat early!! AmblyopiaAmblyopia Refractive errorRefractive error Refractive errorRefractive error
BinocularityBinocularity AlignmentAlignment AccommodationAccommodation Muscle imbalanceMuscle imbalance
Vision TherapyVision Therapy
What is VisionWhat is VisionTherapy? Therapy?
An individualized andAn individualized andprogressive treatment progressive treatment program consisting ofprogram consisting ofvisual procedures tovisual procedures toimprove the deficient improve the deficient visual skillsvisual skills
Understanding the 3Understanding the 3--D Viewing D Viewing ExperienceExperience
44--Ds of 3Ds of 3--D viewingD viewing
1.1. DizzinessDizziness2.2. DiscomfortDiscomfort3.3. Lack of 3Lack of 3--DD4.4. See your DOCTORSee your DOCTOR
of Optometryof Optometry
Additional 3Additional 3--D informationD information
AOA.org/3DAOA.org/3D
3D Practice Kit from AOA3D Practice Kit from AOA3D Practice Kit from AOA3D Practice Kit from AOA
3Deyehealth.org3Deyehealth.org
Vision3D.com Vision3D.com
THANK YOU!!THANK YOU!!Any questions??Any questions??
It’s been a pleasure It’s been a pleasure being here…have a being here…have a
blessed day!!blessed day!!