the impact of computer technology on accounting system and its effect on employment
DESCRIPTION
Computers literatureTRANSCRIPT
IMPACT OF COMPUTER
TECHNOLOGY ON ACCOUNTING
SYSTEMS AND ITS EFFECT
ON EMPLOYMENT.
TABLE OF CONTENT
Title page
Approval page
Dedication
Abstract
Acknowledgement
Table of contents
List of figures
Chapter one
1.0 Introduction
1.1 Background of the study
1.2 State of the problem
1.3 Objectives of the study
1.4 Significance of the study
1.5 Scope and limitations of the study
1.6 Research Questions
1.7 Definition of terms
Chapter two
2.0 Literature review
2.1 Some applications of computer
technology in Nigeria
2.2 Union Response to the technological
changes
2.3 Implications of technological changes
on employees
2.4 Specific implication of computer
application to employment.
Chapter three
3.0 Research methodology
3.1 Research methodology used
3.2 Description of Respondents
3.3 Determination of sample size
3.4 Sources of Data
3.5 Methods of investigation
Chapter four
4.0 Presentation, analysis and
interpretation of data
4.1 Data analysis
Chapter five
5.0 Summary of findings, conclusion and
recommendation
5.1 Summary of findings
5.2 Conclusion
5.3 Recommendation
Bibliography
Appendix
a. Survey questionnaire
b. Interview questionnaire
c. Chi-square distribution table
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Days are when most accounting operations
and decisions that have to be made on or
from them are on first hand basis. This is
because accounting operators and decision
makers are in close contact with such
accounting operations and as such,
collected, analysed and interpreted data
from such operations for decision making.
Today, as company and educational
operations expand in size and complexity,
company executives grow further removed
from first hand contact with business
scenes. They are to rely increasingly on
second hand information about what is
happening at the various stages of
business operations2, vis-à-vis research
and development, production, marketing and
consumption of goods and services. Since
decisions that have to be made by
executives are of profound consequences
and have to be based on highly fragmented
and typically tenous information, then it
is of great importance that such second-
hand information is from a very accurate
and reliable sources3.
According to A.$. fapohunda, to remedy
these accurate information difficulties in
1963, sears began establishing their
twenty – two regional computer centers
covering the entire unites states of
America4. initially, the regional computer
systems processed customers credit
accounts and general accounting data.
Later, merchandising and inventory
information from system were established
to provide information that the business
accounting world and business operations
are also busy expanding their
technological and industrial bases 6 by
breaking into new grounds and improving in
existing ones through the use of
computers.
With the introduction of computer to many
business applications, those business
areas that involve repeated tasks which
are often monotonous and fallible to human
errors (cash, inventory control, payroll
and etc) are increasingly being simplified
accurately by combining the cost,
effectiveness, simplicity of use,
efficiency, reliability and accuracy of
the computer to obtain, analyze and
interpret data information for efficient
business decisions. Nigerian business
organizations being to grow in size,
business operations and processes become
increasingly complex, hence computers are
being rapidly introduced to cope with the
overwhelming demands of business and
growth. Though the introduction of
computer to many facets of business
operations is a welcome idea, its use is
further implicated on accounting system
and as such organizations need to strike a
balance between accounting areas to be
manually operated so as to control or
limit the menance associated with
unemployment.
Some of the business operations to which
computer has been successfully
introduced;-7
- Printing graphic designs of
complicated nature.
- Payroll system.
- Billing system.
- Predict election result.
- Mark examination results such as
JAMB and WAEC.
- Control inventories.
- Predict performance of an aircraft
or missile still.
- On drawing boards.
- To calculate the critical path of
most efficient assignment of troops
or problems and so on.
It therefore becomes important that
technological changes such as the
introduction of computers in organizations
be carefully evaluated so that the gains
in technical efficiency are not made at
the expense of the well-being and
integration of employees.8. In the
circumstances, then a study of the
implication of computer introduction to
accounting system of business operations
is not only timely but mandatory so as to
avoid some of the problems associated with
technological changes in organizations.
This research is however, limited to the
implication of computer introduction to
accounting system of business operations
using A.G. Leventis and Pak – Micro
Computer Centre as computerized model
organizations.
1.1(a) HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF A.G.
LEVENTIS PLC AND PAK-MICRO COMPUTERS
INTERNATIONAL LTD.
A.G. Leventis (Nigeria) PLC was
incorporated in 1958. This company went
public in 1978, and is quoted on the
Nigeria Stock Exchange.
It provides properties, company
secretarial and share registration
services. Industrial and public relations
services, legal services, financial
management and other services to all the
companies under the group.
This company has an ultra modern and
functional electronic data processing
centre in Lagos where most of the group’s
data are processed with an “OLIVETTI SP
600 Computer” which has a network of
terminals located at various
departments/companies of Iddo House Head
Office data input and output. Some of the
areas of computer application include
Accounts Receivable, Inventory and General
Ledger package used by A.G. Leventis and
company (Nig) PLC, Leventis Technical PLC.
There is payroll system for the staff and
all managers in the group. Other areas of
computer application include inventory,
billing and share registration.
Leventis stores – formerly a legal entity
is now a division of A.G. Leventis and
company (Nig) PC after the successful
merger in 1995. This division has an
“Olivetti SP 600 computer located at Malu
Road, Apapa which handles the inventory
control of Leventis stores throughout the
country as well as the account receivable
and general ledger of leventis stores.
Pak – Micro International Ltd is a group
name with Data Training Institute and
Master Maintenance Under it. It has its
Headquarters at Lagos, 77 Ikorodu Road,
Fadeyi. Regional office in Enugu, 31 Ogui
Road, Enugu.
Paks – Micro specializes in computer
sales, installation, maintenance, account
receivable, inventory and share
registration, training software
development and Bureau services. Because
of the nature of its business, the company
has the following sections sales,
maintenance and bureau services, software
development laboratory, training section
(DPI). Each section has its own manager.
The master maintenance is a civil Engineer
contracting firm with its General Manager.
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
The importance of personnel in the
accounting section of an organization
cannot be over emphasized especially when
one remembers the facts that these
personnel support the organization from
its small scale to the large scale stage
when it begins to introduce computers to
many of its hitherto manual operations.
However, an organization has the
obligation of profit making and as such
promptness of information, accuracy,
speed, cost effectiveness, becomes prime
factors to the organizations.
The problem of this study is therefore to
find out whether or not the introduction
of computer technology to accounting
systems of business operations has reduced
the output of the accounting sections at
A.G. Leventis PLC and Pak – Micro computer
centre.
1.3 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
The purpose of this research work is to
find out and evaluate the implication of
computer introduction to Accounting
sections of business operation with
particular reference to A.G. Leventis PLC
and Pak – Micro International as some of
the largest organizations in Nigeria
today.
The study will also attempt to find out
the efficiency and effectiveness of such
application to overall management
capabilities in decision making.
1.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
This research work provides a clear
understanding of one of the social
implications of computer application on
accounting system. The information
obtained will be useful to management,
consultants, about unions, professional,
students, shareholders, investors,
institute of higher learning, training
managers, economist, the government and so
on.
The study will also be significant to
other organizations willing to computerize
their accounting operations as well as to
A.G. Leventis Plc and Pak – Micro computer
centre.
1.5 SCOPE AND LIMITATION OF STUDY
For the purpose of this study, the impact
of computer technology on accounting
system will in scope be limited to A.G.
Levenits and Pak – micro Computer. Both of
them are of Enugu Branch. This is because
of it’s many computerized application
areas and therefore makes for better
study.
The researcher encountered some problems
which stood as limitations to this study.
Such problems include, time available for
this study, time to generate primary data
from such large organizations. Other
limitations include the rigor of having to
move around Enugu and also problem of
combining, course work, research work and
a full time job among other things.
1.6 RESEARCH QUESTIONS
The following research questions form the
basic postulate of the study:-
1. Has computer introduction had any
impact on accounting system?
2. Has computer introduction made the
accountant’s job easier?
3. Has computer introduction provided
more accounting information with
same staff?
4. Has computer introduction made the
storing and retrieval of accounting
information faster.
5. Has computer introduction made the
accountant more efficient?
HOW TO PURCHASE COMPLETE MATERIALSTo purchase complete materials for the above
mentioned topic, visit any of our Major Partners that directed you to this website (E.g.
www.careerslit.com, www.uniprojects.net, etc)
******************************
HOW TO BECOME OUR MINOR PARTNER To become our Minor partner, send email to us
with heading “MINOR PARTNERSHIP” Send the following details to: [email protected]
1. Full Name:2.Your School3. Department4. Phone Number5. Email Address:6. Level(OND,HND OR BSC):
Registration is FREE. Only Students are allowed
******************************
HOW TO BECOME OUR MAJOR PARTNER To become our major partner, send email to us with a heading “MAJOUR PARTNERSHIP” Send the following details to: [email protected] Full Name:2.Address:3.Company or Business Name:4.Location:5.Phone Numbers:6.Email Address:7.Your Target:8.Academic Qualification:
Registration is NOT FREE. Students are not permitted to become our major partner. Once your application is approved, registration details will be sent to your email. We always verify the above 8 details before approving any application.
If you meet our requirements, your contacts will be added to this website, we will give you already made website and give you link to our project materials.
******************************
TERMS OF USEThe project materials are already researched
materials that will guide you to develop your own new project. Study the materials carefully and
develop your own new copy.
On no account should you copy the materials word-to-word. Copying word-to-word is against our
“terms of use”.
******************************
Better is not enough, the best is yet to come!