the impact of road salt on the environment · the impact of road salt on the environment presented...
TRANSCRIPT
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The Impact of Road Salt
on the Environment
Presented By:
Steve Vernik –
VP and Director of Operations
Gaia Enterprieses, Inc.
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Critical Area Ice Management at Nuclear Power Plant
@ 5 ft thick cement
From River and then Back
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Salt burns paws, skin, eyes, mouths, noses.
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The New Jersey Great
Swamp
• It is VITAL to protect and keep this area. Building on it, dumping on it, and harming it must be avoided!
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The Great Lake PassaicThe Passaic RiverThe Watchung Mountains
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The way the water flows
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Benefits are a Habitat for Wildlife
Prevent Nutrient and Toxic Build up
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•Marshes and swamps may be found together, and marshes may even represent a stage of succession from pond to marsh to swamp, to forest.
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Fresh Water Marsh
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The Great Swamp
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The Many Mammals of the Great Swamp
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Reptiles, Amphibians, and Fishes
• The Swamp is home and a protective place for many different species of Reptiles, Amphibians, and Fishes. Some species are endangered.
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So Many Reptiles, Amphibians, and Fishes
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GORGEOUS BIRDS!
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Incredible Diversity
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And So Many More
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Why is the swamp’s health deteriorating?
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Time to study the patient.
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Salt from Ice Melt
• Road Salt main product used - 60% chloride Ion (Cl-) 40% positive ion (Na+, Mg+, Ca+, K+)
• NaCl most common form used
• ● 10 - 15 millions tons/ yr in US
• ● Most applied to NE and Midwest states (¾ in NY, OH, MI, IL, PA, and WI)
• Run off to surface water @ ~55%
• Percolation to Grounwater @ ~45%
• Snowmelt run off can be >10,000 mg/L of CL-
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Road Salt is NO Joke – It’s permanent!
• Road Salt main product used - 60% chloride Ion (Cl-) 40% positive ion (Na+, Mg+, Ca+, K+)
• NaCl most common form used
• ● 10 - 15 millions tons/ yr in US
• ● Most applied to NE and Midwest states (¾ in NY, OH, MI, IL, PA, and WI)
• Run off to surface water @ ~55%
• Percolation to Grounwater @ ~45%
• Snowmelt run off can be >10,000 mg/L of CL-
• Ocean water has a Salinity of 35,0000 mg/l• Fresh Water classified by USGS at <1,000 mg/L• 250 mg/L Chloride = USEPA regulation for human
consumption• 1 tsp in 5 gallons of water = 280 mg/L
•At concentrations of 220-240 mg/L –10% of species could die after 30 days •Affects throughout the food chain –Algae •Critical level: 12 mg/L –Invertebrates •Diversity decreases as salinity increases –Fish •Trout: affects observed around 250 mg/L; 6743 mg/L = 50% mortality in 30 days
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Animals are drawn to roads to eat on tasty but toxic salt
•Mammals –Moose and Deer Drinking salty water makes them lose fear of vehicles and humans –Birds
•Seed-eating birds may not be able to distinguish between seed and salt particle
•Sparrow study: Behavioral abnormalities from ingesting a single salt particle, death from ingesting just two
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Salt kills roadside plants
• Salt kills natural plants, many some of the beautiful wild flowers of New Jersey
• Invasive salt resistant species are more like to grow there
• These invasive plants do not help sustain the natural environment
• They do not feed the critters that feed on them.
• Salt can spread hundreds of feet beyond the road side destroying soil
• Trees especially coniferous species suffer
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Natural Ways of Determining Health
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Diatoms, Zooplankton, BacteriaHelp Determine Health of Environment
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Aerobic Bacteria is a Good Sign
Anaerobic is a Bad Sign
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New Jersey’s Mussels can help Strengthen the Swamp
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A Healthy Food Chain Means a Healthy Swamp
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Black Ice is a Stealthy Killer Ninja Assassin
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The Importance of Protecting Infrastructure
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Flint Michigan Water Crisis Was Caused By High Chloride from Road Salt
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SALT CAUSESEXPENSIVE CONCRETE AND
SURFACE DAMAGE
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Different SaltsOf Different NamesDon’t be fooled
All Chlorides, Acetates, Sulfates are different Salts.
Salts Are Dangerous to environment, infrastructures, human, and animal life.
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Mixes are dangerous –PPE &face masks are often neglected
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Magnesium Chloride is one of the Most Toxic To Inhale
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Different SaltsOf Different NamesDon’t be fooled
All Chlorides, Acetates, Sulfates are different Salts.
Salts Are Dangerous to environment, infrastructures, human, and animal life.
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Responsibility IncludesProper Spread RatesProper StorageReducing Spillage
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Good Principals
to Live By
•Often deicers are applied at rate higher than
manufacturer recommends –Train applicators –
Calibrate trucks by computer
•Use proper amount = Lower cost
•Spread according to label –Mechanically remove
ice/snow –Apply proper amount of deicer –Wait for
break-up
•Know temperature threshold of product you use
•Amount of ice a specific quantity of salt can melt
decreases as temperature decreases –At 30 oF,
2% salt concentration will melt ice –At 0 oF, 21%
salt concentration will melt ice
Anti-icing
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We MUST be more mindful of how Salt gets into the Environment
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Budget Issues
Although municipalities could use other substances to combat icing in the winter, the alternatives are "exceedingly more expensive" than salt.
For instance a ton of rock salt costs $60, while a ton of magnesium acetate sells for roughly $2,000.
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It is time to reconsider the cost and the budget
• USEPA suggest that every $60-70 Ton of Salt has a long term cost of @ $1000.
• There are some costs that are priceless such as the life and death of environment and people.
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OUR BEST SOLUTION
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Not Only Are Our Products Safe For Nature But They Are Also Safe On New Concrete
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Products are as Effective as they are SAFE
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Our Product Traction Magic is Great for Traction
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For Pedestrians for Traffic for Safety for All