the impact of the al paste composition between ......possible scheme 14 0 100 200 300 400 500 600...

©2017.Toyo Aluminium K.K.All rights reserved

THE IMPACT OF THE Al PASTE COMPOSITION BETWEEN Ag-Al INTERFACES FOR p-PERC BIFACIAL SOLAR CELLS

Masahiro Nakahara, Kosuke Tsuji, Shota Suzuki, Naoya Morishita, Marwan Dhamrin

1TOYO ALUMINIUM K.K.

1


Outline

2

Introduction

About TOYO ALUMINIUM K.K.

Motivation

Previous studies about Ag/Al interface of PERC cells

Experimental

Test condition

Photoluminescence results

SEM-EDX analysis

Microscope in-situ analysis

Conclusion


TOYO ALUMINIUM K.K.

3

• Established : 1931

• Paid in Capital : 8.0 billion JPN

• Sales : 102.5 billion JPY (2015)

• Net Income : 3.9 billion JPY (2015)

• Number of Employees : 2,484

• Activities : Manufacture and sales of

Aluminium foil, sheet, paste, powder,

Materials for photovoltaic

• HQ : Osaka Japan / Tokyo Office

• 10 factories in Japan

• 5 overseas subsidiaries and affiliates

• More details, visit www.toyal.co.jp

Foil

Paste

Solar

http://www.toyal.co.jp/


Our Solar Business

4

Toyal Solar (Backsheet)

ALSOLAR (Al paste) Toyal Zhaoqing

Hino Works


Paste Solutions

5

Aluminum Pastes TLCO Series Full area (PERC/PERT-RJ) TLCO-09A Series (Dotted Line or Dash LCO)

TLCO-09D Series (Dot LCO

TB Series Finger paste (PERC/PERT-RJ) TB-09E Series (PERC Bifacial)

TB-09EN Series (PERT Bifacial on p+ emitter)

TFT Series (Fire-through) R&D TFT-09E Series (PERC Bifacial)

TFT-09EN Series (PERT Bifacial on p+ emitter)

Ag Pastes

THA Series for Hetrojunction THA-F08 Finger Paste

THA-B08 Busbar Paste (Solderable)

TAgS-09 For Shingling Solar Cells

TAgR-03 Silver paste (Low Damage Tapping Paste)

ARC Ag

Al2O3/SiNx Al-Si Alloy

n+ L-BSF (p+)

Full Area Al Contact

ARC

Al2O3/SiNx

Ag

Al-Si Alloy

n+ L-BSF (p+)

Al Finger


Motivation

6

PV market

Bifacial cell is increasing its market share due to their higher energy output.

For not only “true” bifacial module, but also monofacial module can be applied.

Cell efficiency

>22% in production.

>24% in R&D.

Rear side design

Capping layer becoming thinner than monofacial PERC (For Reflectance)

More sensitive to metallization process, in particular the Al/Ag interface.

*ITRPV 10th Edition


Previous Studies (Ag/Al overlap region)

7

Investigated the impact of the silver-aluminum-overlap region for PERC solar cells. Voc and FF are in a tradeoff situation.

Tobias Urban et al, silicon PV 2016


Previous Studies (Ag-Al Interface)

8 Tobias Urban et al, silicon PV 2017

Ag-Al spikes using evaporated Al and Ag were investigated. The interaction of the glass frits with SiNx are needed to form the contact.


Previous Studies (Glass in Silver Paste)

9 Jiefeng Zhang et al, applied sciences, 2 March 2019

The impact for the Ag-Al interface of the glass frit in the Ag paste was investigated. The reaction between the glass frit and Al particle should be controlled.


Test Condition

10

G1 G2 G3 G4 G5

Ag Tabbing Paste TAgR-03 (Toyo Std)

Al Paste - A

(Pb Family)

B

(X Family)

C

(Y Family)

D

(Z Family)

Si substrate

SiNx

Ag paste

Al paste

Ag/Al Overlap

Overlap Length : 0.5 mm


Photo Luminescence Results

11

TAgR-03 No Al Paste

TAgR-03 Al Paste_B (X Family)

TAgR-03 Al Paste_C (Y Family)

TAgR-03 Al Paste_D (Z Family)

TAgR-03 Al Paste_A (Pb Family)

TAgR-03 Al Paste_A (Pb Family)

Al Paste A were degraded significantly.


SEM Images (Al Paste_A Pb Family)

12

Al-Ag and Al-Si alloy were formed. (Liquid Phase Line_Al-Si:577℃、Al-Ag：567℃、Si-Ag：845℃)


SEM Images (Al Paste_C Y Family)

13 No firethrough was observed.


Possible Scheme

14

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

10 20 30 40 50 60 70

Tem

p (℃

)

Time (sec)

≒600℃

Si substrate

SiNx

Ag paste

Al paste Pb GF

2PbO + SiNx → 2Pb + SiO2 + x/2N2

Si substrate

Si substrate

The formation mechanism for printed silver-contacts for silicon solar cells.

Jeremy D. Fields et,al, nature communications 11143, (2016)


Microscope In-situ Analysis (Al Paste_A Pb Family)

15


Summary

16

The degradation at the Ag/Al overlap region comes from the

glass frit migration to Ag side from the Al paste.

Pb glass family caused significant degradation due to the

firethrough around the Ag/Al interface.

Pb-free Al paste is suitable for p-type Bifacial application.

Toyal Bifacial Al Paste

TB-08E series (Pb Free)

Thank you for your attention ! Corresponding author:

Phone: +81-748-53-1151, Fax: +81-748-53-0316, Email: [email protected]
https://www.undp.org/content/undp/en/home/sustainable-development-goals/goal-1-no-poverty.htmlhttps://www.undp.org/content/undp/en/home/sustainable-development-goals/goal-2-zero-hunger.htmlhttps://www.undp.org/content/undp/en/home/sustainable-development-goals/goal-3-good-health-and-well-being.htmlhttps://www.undp.org/content/undp/en/home/sustainable-development-goals/goal-4-quality-education.htmlhttps://www.undp.org/content/undp/en/home/sustainable-development-goals/goal-5-gender-equality.htmlhttps://www.undp.org/content/undp/en/home/sustainable-development-goals/goal-6-clean-water-and-sanitation.htmlhttps://www.undp.org/content/undp/en/home/sustainable-development-goals/goal-7-affordable-and-clean-energy.htmlhttps://www.undp.org/content/undp/en/home/sustainable-development-goals/goal-8-decent-work-and-economic-growth.htmlhttps://www.undp.org/content/undp/en/home/sustainable-development-goals/goal-9-industry-innovation-and-infrastructure.htmlhttps://www.undp.org/content/undp/en/home/sustainable-development-goals/goal-10-reduced-inequalities.htmlhttps://www.undp.org/content/undp/en/home/sustainable-development-goals/goal-11-sustainable-cities-and-communities.htmlhttps://www.undp.org/content/undp/en/home/sustainable-development-goals/goal-12-responsible-consumption-and-production.htmlhttps://www.undp.org/content/undp/en/home/sustainable-development-goals/goal-13-climate-action.htmlhttps://www.undp.org/content/undp/en/home/sustainable-development-goals/goal-14-life-below-water.htmlhttps://www.undp.org/content/undp/en/home/sustainable-development-goals/goal-15-life-on-land.htmlhttps://www.undp.org/content/undp/en/home/sustainable-development-goals/goal-16-peace-justice-and-strong-institutions.htmlhttps://www.undp.org/content/undp/en/home/sustainable-development-goals/goal-17-partnerships-for-the-goals.htmlhttps://www.undp.org/content/undp/en/home/sustainable-development-goals/background.html

the impact of the al paste composition between ......possible scheme 14 0 100 200 300 400 500 600...

Documents