11 101

The Impact on the Internet Economy from Gigabit Ethernet and Beyond

APRICOT 2001

Randall AtkinsonSenior Scientist, Extreme Networks

2 101

Ethernet/Fast Ethernet

Data CenterCore Routers or Switches

Desktop

MAN

FDDI SegmentATM

Global Internet is Changing Everything!!!

InternetInternet

E-CommerceE-Commerce

ApplicationsApplications

Voice Over IPVoice Over IP

Networked StorageNetworked Storage

IntranetsIntranets

MultipleInformation Sources

MultipleInformation Sources

Easy Accessto InformationEasy Access

to Information

Unpredictable TrafficUnpredictable Traffic

Web PublishingWeb Publishing

Streaming Video/AudioStreaming Video/Audio

3 101

Network Infrastructure RequirementsL

ayer

3 S

wit

chin

g -

L4-

7 Q

oS Performance, Control, and Scalability

Layer 3 Switching

Wire-Speed Switching & Routing

Non-Blocking Architecture

Traffic Classification & Prioritization - QoS

Bandwidth Allocation and Management - QoS

Integrated Server Load Balancing, Security, etc.

LAN, MAN, WAN support, Ethernet, POS, WDM, VDSL...

4 101

The Increasing Role of Ethernet

10,000 Mbps10 GigabitEthernet

Wide AreaTDM

Connection

WAN Level

Wide AreaCore

Connectivity

WANAccess

Services

MAN Level

MetroNetwork

MetroNetwork

1000 MbpsGigabit

Ethernet

Desktop Level

Workgroup Level

DesktopSwitch

WorkgroupSwitch

Servers

BackboneLevel

BackboneSwitch

Enterprise Router

1000 MbpsGigabit

Ethernet

10/100 MbpsEthernet

2001/2002

1999/2000

1997/1999

1970’s/1996s

5 101

IEEE 802.3ae 10 Gigabit Ethernet

• Motivation:– Leverage success and scalability of Ethernet– Opportunity to converge Ethernet with Optical Networking

1999 2000 2001 2002

HSSGHSSG 802.3ae802.3aeStartedStarted

1st 1st DraftDraft

4th4thDraftDraft

2nd2ndDraftDraft

3rd3rdDraftDraft

WorkingWorkingGroupGroupBallotBallot

StandardStandardApprovalApproval

SponsoSponsorr

BallotBallot

6 101

802.3ae 10GE Objectives -- Compatibility

• Objectives for Ethernet compatibility:– Preserve the Ethernet/802.3 frame format at the MAC Client

Interface– Preserve the minimum and maximum frame size of the current

802.3 standard– Support full duplex operation only– Support star-wired local area networks using point-to-point links

and structured cabling topologies– Support 802.3ad Link Aggregation

• In other words:– Ensure compatibility with previous generations of Ethernet by

preserving the MAC interface, frame format, and frame size

7 101

802.3ae 10GE Objectives -- Physical Layer

• Objectives for native-Ethernet and SONET-friendly physical layers:

– Support an optional Media Independent Interface (MII).– Support a speed of 10.000 Gb/s at the MAC/PLS service

interface.– Define two families of PHYs:

• A LAN PHY operating at a data rate of 10.000 Gb/s.• A WAN PHY operating at a data rate compatible with

the payload rate of OC-192c/SDH VC-4-64c– Define a mechanism to adapt the MAC/PLS data rate to

the data rate of the WAN PHY.

8 101

LAN PHY vs. WAN PHY

• Ethernet PHY - connects media to MAC– PCS (Physical Coding Sublayer)

• e.g., 64b/66b coding, serializer and multiplexing functions

– PMD (Physical Media Dependent)• e.g., optical transceivers

• LAN PHY vs. WAN PHY– Operate over common PMDs– WAN PHY includes a simplified SONET/SDH framer

• Simplified - reject conformance to SONET/SDH jitter,

clock, etc.

9 101

PMD Fiber Supported Diameter Minimum Distance

Optical Transceivers (PMD types)

850nm serial Multimode 50.0 At least 65m

1310nm WWDM Multimode 62.5 At least 300m

Single Mode 9.0 At least 2 km, 10 km

1310nm serial Single Mode 9.0 At least 2 km, 10 km

1550nm serial Single Mode 9.0 At least 40 km

10 101

Ethernet Changes Everything

10 Mbs10 Mbs 100 Mbs100 Mbs 1 Gbs1 Gbs 10 Gbs10 Gbs

OC3OC3(155 Mbs)(155 Mbs)

OC12OC12(622 Mbs)(622 Mbs)

OC48OC48(2.4 Gbs)(2.4 Gbs)

OC192OC192(9.6 Gbs)(9.6 Gbs)

EthernetEthernet

SONET/SDHSONET/SDH

• Familiar technology and environment– Ethernet ‘end-to-end’

• Inherently scalable technology

• Unmatched value proposition for data-optimized MANs– 1/5 the cost for equivalent bandwidth

11 101

Technology Comparison Summary

– Reliability

– Guaranteed QoS

– Voice centric

– Inefficient data transport

– Expensive

– Complex

– Lots of capacity and speed

– Low-cost

– Ubiquitous

– Ease of use

– Data-optimized

– Variable latency

– (Distance limitations)

– Traditionally LAN focused

SDH/SONET Ethernet

Pro’s

Con’s

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Quality of Service

• SONET/SDH well known for QoS– Guaranteed Bandwidth– Fixed latency

• By reserving transmission time (timeslots)

Voice

Data

Video

TDMSwitch

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SONET/SDH style QoS for Ethernet

• Reserve transmission timeslots– Classify by 802.1p/Q, DiffServe, TCP/UDP session, protocol,

subnet etc

• Rate shape (police) incoming traffic• Manage the Bandwidth

– Bits/bytes per second– NOT packets/second – that’s CoS– Rate shaping (Policing)

• Latency/jitter reduction– IP-TDM

14 101

Bandwidth by the Slice

• Committed Information Rate (CIR) -type services for Ethernet

• Bi-direct rate shaping– Control traffic on Egress– Police traffic on Ingress

Min 5Mb/s VoIP

Min 15Mb/s Subnet X

Max 30Mb/s Diffserve

Bi-directional

15 101

IP TDM: Reducing Jitter

DataDataVoice

EthernetSwitch

No IP-TDM

Unacceptable latency variation (jitter)

DataDataVoice

EthernetSwitch

w/ IP-TDM

DataDataVoice

TDMSwitch

1616 101

Applications

17 101

City HallCity Hall

Fire StationsFire Stations

Police StationsPolice Stations

Water Treatment Water Treatment PlantPlant

Municipal Metropolitan Area Network

Public WorkPublic WorkOfficesOffices

LibrariesLibraries

• City of Hillsboro (USA)• City of Ann Arbor (USA)• City of Tento (Italy)• City of Leuven (Belgium)• City of Stockholm (Sweden)

18 101

Oversea Connection

U.S.A

China

Japan

Australia

Singapore

Thailand

Taiwan

KORNET, "the KORKORea-telecom interNETNET",

1st Commercial Internet Service Network in Korea since 1994

More than 110 Extreme Networks’ BlackDiamond switches in MAN

Applications: GigaPOP, Core Backbone, Internet Data Centers

Service

Leased Line PSTN / ISDN

IDC

VPN ADSL B&A

Web Hosting

Co-Location

Oversea Network

Indonesia

Hong Kong

Total: Up to 700MSatellite B-WLL

High Speed

Internet Service

Telco Metropolitan Area Network

19 101

Lit Building - Multi-Tenant Units by BLECs

Middle Drawpower

connector

V H z A100-120 50 xx200-240 60 x

V Hz A100-120 50 xx200-240 60 x

0.47

Middle Drawpower

connector

V H z A100-120 50 xx200-240 60 x

V Hz A100-120 50 xx200-240 60 x

M G M T

Voice Voice

Internet AccessInternet Access

Transparent LAN ServicesTransparent LAN Services

Video ServicesVideo Services

VPN ServiceVPN Service

Ethernet Ring

• On-site Access (USA)• Broadband Office (USA)• Intellispace (USA)• Eureka Broadband (USA)• WizNet (Canada)

Storage Area Network….Other

Storage Area Network….Other

Customer Premise

20 101

Residential MAN - Multi-tenant Dwellings

Multi-tenant Multi-tenant DwellingsDwellings

Multi Tenant Multi Tenant DwellingsDwellings

Metropolitan Metropolitan AreaArea

NetworkNetwork

Wide AreaNetwork

• Nordic• e.g., City of Orebro, Sweden

21 101

ISP-Internet Service ProviderICP-Internet Content Provider

ISP/ICP Peering Services

InternetInternet

Internet Exchange - ISP/ICP Peering ServicesMAGIE (Houston, U.S.A.), LINX (London, U.K.)

ISP D

ICP 3 ISP EISP A

ISP B

ICP 1

ISP C

ICP 2

22 101

100 Mbps Connection to Level 3

Public Peering at CIX at 100 Mbps (UUNet, Sprint, MCI, etc.)

Private Peering at PAIX at 100 Mbps

DS-3 Connection to UUNet and Level 3

Yipes Metropolitan Fiber Network

Yipes GigaPOPs

Yipes Regional Area Gigabit Network

23 101

100M 100M

100M

100M

100M

100M

100M

100M100M

100M

100M

2G

2G

2G

2G

1G 1G

1G

1G

1G1G

1G

100M

Cable Television MAN - Broadband IP Services

Nanjing CATV Network

2424 101

Thank you !

www.extremenetworks.com