the industrial revolution
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The Industrial Revolution. What Makes the Industrial Revolution Different?. Other civilizations massively embraced technological solutions to social and economic problems in the past? Roman engineering—bridges, sewers - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
What Makes the Industrial Revolution Different?
Other civilizations massively embraced technological solutions to social and economic problems in the past?
Roman engineering—bridges, sewers China – iron industry of Song Dynasty—
silk manufacture, porcelain, textiles, paper
Technology and business/capitalism
New Technology - Bottlenecks
John Kay—Flying Shuttle(1733)
James Hargreaves—Spinning Jenny (1764)
Samuel Cromptom— “The Mule” (1779) Edmund Cartwright—Power Loom (1775) [James Watt and John Wilkinson – Steam
Engine (1775)] Eli Whitney – Cotton Gin (1793)
New Bottleneck is Factory problems
Factory location because of Factory size.
Fuel problemsEngland was running out of woodCoal accumulated water in the
mines so that pumps had to be used
Engines
Thomas Savery—1698 Thomas Newcomen—1705 John Wilkinson -- boring mill in 1774 James Watt -- steam engine in 1775 George Stephenson came up with the “The
Iron Horse” in 1829
The Industrial Revolution
Has its main effects from 1780-1850:Time of transformation of workFrom hand to machineFrom rural areas to citiesCreated social classes
Workers, the Proletariat The Middle Class, Factory Owners,
the Bourgeoisie Changed family life
Changes which occurred because of the Industrial Revolution
Migration to industrialized nations
Changed way of buying and selling
Creation of new leisure activities
Transferred balance of power toward industrialized countries
England and the Consequences of the Industrial Revolution
Technology used to transform means of war
1851—England produced 2/3 of the world’s coal.
England produced ½ the world’s iron and cotton.
Problems in factories
Standard of living?