The Industrial Revolution in the U.S.

Definition

• Mass production caused by using new machines & making a lot of products

Big Invention

• Interchangeable parts!• By Eli Whitney• Makes product

easier & cheaper to make (& cheaper to buy)

Causes

1. Embargo Act of 1807 – forced U.S. to focus on their own industry

2. U.S. coast during blockaded during War of 1812

Effects

• Social: large numbers of unskilled workers get jobs

• Economic: U.S. becomes profitable for entrepreneurs

Problems …

• North & South develop very different economies…• North = industry• South = agricultural w/slave labor!

Andrew Jackson

How to label your Jackson Foldable

• Each flap will have a title…

• 2.03/2.04: Andrew Jackson

• Election of Andrew Jackson

• Jackson & Native Americans

• Jackson & States’ Rights• Legacy of Andrew

Jackson• Cartoon: King Andrew

the 1st

Election of 1824

• HOR decides winner & selects John Q. Adams as President

• Jackson calls the election a “Corrupt Bargain” because of a deal

between Henry Clay & John Adams…

• Henry Clay convinced the HOR to vote in Adams as President…then, Adams made Clay Sec. of State• Something’s fishy!!!

“Jacksonian Democrats”

• Formed by supporters of Jackson who left the Dem-Rep. party after the corrupt election of 1824

Election of 1828

CandidatesJohn Q. AdamsAndrew Jackson

Results:Jackson won by a large majority – mainly due the large number of commoners voting!!

Jackson appealed to commoners

“Old Hickory”

• Jackson’s nickname…• Came from the War of 1812 & the

Battle of New Orleans

Age of the Common Man

The Spoils SystemJackson appoints friends & loyal party supporters to gov’t jobs

Kitchen Cabinet:  Nickname of Jackson's "spoiled" cabinet • They had to enter & leave the

White House through the kitchen doors!!

5 Civilized Tribes

• 5 SE tribes that adopted European/white culture

• Sequoya: Developed the Cherokee alphabet “talking leaves”

Native American Relations

• Assimilate:• Forcing Native

Americans to give up traditions & culture to become more like white people

• Indian Removal Act of 1830:  • Fed. Gov't. made

treaties with Native American tribes to remove them from their tribal land

Native American Relations (Cont’d)

One court case:• Worcester vs. Georgia: Supreme Court ruled

that Georgia had NO authority to remove the Cherokee from their land!

• Jackson ignored ruling & forced Native Americans to move anyway• “John Marshall made his decision, now let him

enforce it!” – Jackson’s response to John Marshall’s ruling in Worcester v Georgia.

Trail of Tears

• Route Native Americans from Georgia to Oklahoma due to being removed from their tribal land

• Forced removal

Supreme Court & Jackson

• The court disliked Jackson’s removal policies because it went against their ruling in Worcester v Georgia!

Tariff of Abominations

• Name Southerners gave the protective tariffs

• Tariffs only benefited the North

• North getting rich at the expense of the South

Hayne-Webster Debate

• Senate debates over the power of the Federal Gov’t. & the power of the State Gov’ts.

• Hayne: From SC & supported States’ Rights

• Webster: From MA & supported Federal authority

John C. Calhoun

• Jackson’s VP who supported States’ Rights

• Jackson & Calhoun have a falling out over the issue – Calhoun resigns in 1832

Nullification

• Proposed by Calhoun

• States have the rights to reject Federal Laws & the US Constitution

South Carolina

• Declared tariffs unconstitutional & threatened to leave the Union

• Force Bill: Jackson threatens to send the military to force SC to pay tariffs.

Bank of the United States

• Nicholas Biddle:• President of the Bank

of the US who favored the elite & rich over common people

Bank of the United States (Cont’d)

Jackson disliked the Bank & Biddle. Why?

He believed the Bank:1. Aided the rich merchants, manufacturers

& bankers at the expense of common man

2. Power was concentrated in the hands of a few

3. The bank had too much economic & political influence

Pet Banks

• State banks that are loyal to the Democratic Party

• End to the Bank controversy:• Jackson put money into these banks in an effort to "kill" the

National Bank • Jackson withdrew gov’t funds from the Bank & put them in “pet

banks”

• Charter ran out in 1836

• Specie Circular: Only gold & silver coins will be used to buy land from the Federal Gov’t.• Response to Pet Banks printing worthless money!

Consequences of Jackson’s Presidency

• Created a very strong Executive Branch

• Whigs: Political party created to oppose Jackson & an overly powerful President

1840 Election

• Whig Candidate: William H. Harrison• (1812 War Hero)

• Tippecanoe & Tyler, Too!! Harrison’s campaign slogan.

• Harrisons dies within 1 month of taking office & Tyler becomes President.

Conclusion

• Average citizen becomes more involved in politics & elections

• Regional differences continue to divide the nation

Veto Power

• Presidential authority to reject a bill proposed by Congress

How did Jackson use it?Used it to resist federal

activity as much as possibleKilled the Bank of the US

• 2.03/2.04: Andrew Jackson’s Presidency

• 2.03/2.04: Andrew Jackson’s Presidency

• 2.03/2.04: Andrew Jackson’s Presidency