The Inner Beast of ManThe Inner Beast of Man

Mini-LessonsMini-Lessons

““Charles” VocabularyCharles” Vocabulary

renounced – gave uprenounced – gave upinsolently – boldly disrespectfulinsolently – boldly disrespectfulswaggering – strutting, walking swaggering – strutting, walking with a bold stepwith a bold stepsimultaneously – at the same simultaneously – at the same timetimeincredulously – with doubt or incredulously – with doubt or disbeliefdisbeliefcynically – doubting the cynically – doubting the sincerity of otherssincerity of othersmaneuvered – moved in a maneuvered – moved in a planned wayplanned wayraucous – loud and disorderlyraucous – loud and disorderly

Tia’s teacher, Mr. Tia’s teacher, Mr. Acevedo, stared at her Acevedo, stared at her paper __. The page was paper __. The page was covered with drawings covered with drawings but no words. “I have __ but no words. “I have __ language,” declared Tia, language,” declared Tia, “in favor of art.” Mr. “in favor of art.” Mr. Acevedo laughed, but Acevedo laughed, but refused to accept the refused to accept the paper. Tia stamped her paper. Tia stamped her foot __ and __ started to foot __ and __ started to pout.pout.

““The Lottery” VocabularyThe Lottery” Vocabularyboisterous – loud, rowdyboisterous – loud, rowdydefiantly – rebelliouslydefiantly – rebelliouslyinterminably – endlesslyinterminably – endlesslyjovial – good-humoredjovial – good-humoredparaphernalia – gearparaphernalia – gearperfunctory – “going perfunctory – “going through the motions” through the motions” without sincere interestwithout sincere interestprofusely – abundantlyprofusely – abundantlyreprimands – a serious reprimands – a serious criticismcriticismsurveying – examiningsurveying – examining

The __football fans loudly The __football fans loudly celebrated their team’s victory.celebrated their team’s victory.Bored Juan performed his Bored Juan performed his chores around the house in a chores around the house in a __ manner.__ manner.The __ long concert finally The __ long concert finally ended after 4 hours.ended after 4 hours.The rebel spit in the colonel’s The rebel spit in the colonel’s face and __ refused to face and __ refused to surrender.surrender.The extremely high The extremely high temperatures and humidity temperatures and humidity during their workout caused during their workout caused the runners to sweat __.the runners to sweat __.

““The Lottery,” The Lottery,” continuedcontinued

The magician unpacked a whole The magician unpacked a whole suitcase of equipment, but she suitcase of equipment, but she used very little of the __in her act.used very little of the __in her act.

Willie has been sulking all day Willie has been sulking all day and answers __ whenever you ask and answers __ whenever you ask him a question.him a question.

After__ the situation, Coach After__ the situation, Coach Andrews knew that her only Andrews knew that her only alternative was to send the second alternative was to send the second team into the game.team into the game.

The __ man was always smiling or The __ man was always smiling or quietly chuckling at some joke.quietly chuckling at some joke.

If he had to choose a punishment, If he had to choose a punishment, Chan preferred his father’s loud __ Chan preferred his father’s loud __ to his mother’s cold silences.to his mother’s cold silences.

• boisterous – loud, rowdyboisterous – loud, rowdy• defiantly – rebelliouslydefiantly – rebelliously• interminably – endlesslyinterminably – endlessly• jovial – good-humoredjovial – good-humored• paraphernalia – gearparaphernalia – gear• perfunctory – “going perfunctory – “going

through the motions” through the motions” without sincere interestwithout sincere interest

• profusely – abundantlyprofusely – abundantly• reprimands – a serious reprimands – a serious

criticismcriticism• surveying – examiningsurveying – examining

Mini Lesson #__Mini Lesson #__

““Charles” and “The Lottery”Charles” and “The Lottery”

Guiding question: What literary Guiding question: What literary devices does Jackson use to devices does Jackson use to enrich her writing?enrich her writing?

ForeshadowingForeshadowing

Early clues to predict how the plot will develop:Early clues to predict how the plot will develop: ““Charles”Charles”

Laurie had to Laurie had to think about the kid’s name. think about the kid’s name. Laurie’s at home behavior wasn’t angelic.Laurie’s at home behavior wasn’t angelic.Laurie’s excuse for coming home late from school.Laurie’s excuse for coming home late from school.

““The Lottery”The Lottery”Kids gathering stonesKids gathering stones““the men smiled rather than laughed”the men smiled rather than laughed”““the quiet murmur of conversation”the quiet murmur of conversation”““there was a hesitation before 2 men . . . there was a hesitation before 2 men . . . came forwardcame forward““[the Watson boy’s] eyes blinked nervously”[the Watson boy’s] eyes blinked nervously”““[the men] grinned at one another humorlessly [the men] grinned at one another humorlessly and nervously’and nervously’““the Watson boy almost knocked the box over”the Watson boy almost knocked the box over”

IronyIrony

A surprising, interesting, or amusing A surprising, interesting, or amusing contradictioncontradiction– A situation turns out to be the exact opposite of what’s A situation turns out to be the exact opposite of what’s

expectedexpectedSituational ironySituational irony: an event occurs that contradicts the : an event occurs that contradicts the expectations of the characters, the readers, or the audienceexpectations of the characters, the readers, or the audience

Laurie’s mom expects her “angel” to be badly influenced by Laurie’s mom expects her “angel” to be badly influenced by Charles.Charles.

Laurie’s mom is anxious to see Charles’s mom at PTALaurie’s mom is anxious to see Charles’s mom at PTA

The “winner” of the lottery is actually the “loser.”The “winner” of the lottery is actually the “loser.”

MoodMood

The author uses descriptions, character speech, and The author uses descriptions, character speech, and incidents to create the desired tone for the readerincidents to create the desired tone for the reader– ““the fresh warmth of a full-summer day . . .flowers blossoming the fresh warmth of a full-summer day . . .flowers blossoming

profusely . . .richly green grass”profusely . . .richly green grass”– allowed the villagers to get home for noon dinnerallowed the villagers to get home for noon dinner– ““children . . .broke into boisterous play . . . talked of the children . . .broke into boisterous play . . . talked of the

classroom and the teacher . . .”classroom and the teacher . . .”– ““men were . . .speaking of planting, rain, tractors, and taxes . . .”men were . . .speaking of planting, rain, tractors, and taxes . . .”

[Jackson uses beautiful weather, routine activities, and [Jackson uses beautiful weather, routine activities, and conversation of villagers as a backdrop for a shocking conversation of villagers as a backdrop for a shocking conclusion.] conclusion.]

Mini-Lesson # __Mini-Lesson # __

Guiding question: What are the Guiding question: What are the Elements of Fiction?Elements of Fiction?

Elements of FictionElements of Fiction

CharactersCharacters: persons in a : persons in a story, novel, poem, or story, novel, poem, or play with certain qualities play with certain qualities or personality traits that or personality traits that the reader discovers as the reader discovers as the work unfolds.the work unfolds.

Major charactersMajor characters:: directly influence the directly influence the

actions and events taking actions and events taking place in a storyplace in a story

appear frequentlyappear frequently have well-developed, have well-developed,

complex personalitiescomplex personalities protagonist: the chief protagonist: the chief

charactercharacter antagonist: the rival or antagonist: the rival or

opponent of the opponent of the protagonistprotagonist

PlotPlot

a series of events and actions that a series of events and actions that take place in a storytake place in a story The author creates suspense by The author creates suspense by

relating the events or actions in relating the events or actions in such a way that a problem is such a way that a problem is posed at or near the beginning of posed at or near the beginning of the story and is not finally resolved the story and is not finally resolved until the end until the end

Plot, Plot, continued continued

expositionexposition: the characters are introduced and : the characters are introduced and their situation is revealedtheir situation is revealed narrative hook: the plot device that captures the narrative hook: the plot device that captures the

reader’s attentionreader’s attention complications/rising actioncomplications/rising action: one or more : one or more

problems arise and the main character problems arise and the main character experiences conflictexperiences conflict

climaxclimax: the story’s highest point of interest: the story’s highest point of interest resolution/falling actionresolution/falling action: the problems are : the problems are

solved and the main character deals with his solved and the main character deals with his conflictconflict

SettingSetting

The combination of the time and The combination of the time and place in which the events occurplace in which the events occur

Tone/MoodTone/Mood

emotional settingemotional setting the sound or mood of the the sound or mood of the

narrator’s “voice”narrator’s “voice” the emotions the author expects the emotions the author expects

the reader to experiencethe reader to experience

ThemeTheme

the main idea, central message, or the main idea, central message, or lesson the author is trying to lesson the author is trying to demonstratedemonstrate may be implied or stated directlymay be implied or stated directly ““The author is trying to show that . . .”The author is trying to show that . . .”

Point of ViewPoint of View

the vantage point from which the author the vantage point from which the author presents the actions of the a storypresents the actions of the a story first person narratorfirst person narrator: a character in the : a character in the

story is telling the storystory is telling the story third person narratorthird person narrator: an outside observer : an outside observer

is telling the storyis telling the story third person omniscient observerthird person omniscient observer: this : this

outside observer is capable of knowing all, outside observer is capable of knowing all, seeing all, and telling allseeing all, and telling all

ConflictConflict

Internal: “man against himself”Internal: “man against himself” Involves the struggle between the Involves the struggle between the

character and his consciencecharacter and his conscience

Conflict, Conflict, continuedcontinued

ExternalExternal ““man against nature”man against nature”

involves the struggle between a character and elements of involves the struggle between a character and elements of nature that are beyond his controlnature that are beyond his control

““man against technology”man against technology” involves the struggle between a character and some involves the struggle between a character and some

technological devicetechnological device ““man against man”man against man”

involves a direct struggle between 2 characters in the storyinvolves a direct struggle between 2 characters in the story ““man against society”man against society”

involves the struggle between a character and the rules involves the struggle between a character and the rules and laws of the society in which he livesand laws of the society in which he lives

““The Ransom of Red Chief” The Ransom of Red Chief” VocabularyVocabulary

diatribediatribe: condemnation, bitter, : condemnation, bitter, abusive criticismabusive criticismransomransom: a price demanded for : a price demanded for the return of a kidnap victimthe return of a kidnap victimpervadepervade: to be present or to be : to be present or to be spread throughoutspread throughoutcollaboratecollaborate: to work together on : to work together on a projecta projectcomplycomply: to act according to a : to act according to a command, request, or ordercommand, request, or ordersurreptitiouslysurreptitiously: in a sneaky way, : in a sneaky way, secretlysecretlypalatablepalatable: acceptable to the : acceptable to the taste; able to be eatentaste; able to be eatenpropositionproposition: a suggested plan: a suggested plancommendcommend: to speak highly of; to : to speak highly of; to praisepraiseimpudentimpudent: offensively bold and : offensively bold and disrespectfuldisrespectful

1.1. The men could not make Red Chief __ The men could not make Red Chief __ with any of Bill’s requests.with any of Bill’s requests.

2.2. The men believed the ___ would help The men believed the ___ would help them start a new future.them start a new future.

3.3. Neither Bill nor Sam could ___ Red Neither Bill nor Sam could ___ Red Chief and his behavior.Chief and his behavior.

4.4. Red Chief did not want to leave the Red Chief did not want to leave the camp; he thought the food was quite camp; he thought the food was quite ___.___.

5.5. Sam and Bill decided to __ in Sam and Bill decided to __ in kidnapping the boy.kidnapping the boy.

6.6. Sam went into town to drop off the Sam went into town to drop off the ransom note___.ransom note___.

7.7. When Sam returned, Bill was When Sam returned, Bill was exhausted and went into a __ against exhausted and went into a __ against the entire project.the entire project.

8.8. Red Chief could be described as an __ Red Chief could be described as an __ child.child.

9.9. The boy’s father responded with a The boy’s father responded with a surprising ___.surprising ___.

10.10. With Red Chief along, an atmosphere With Red Chief along, an atmosphere of chaos would gradually ____the of chaos would gradually ____the camp. camp.

Mini Lesson #__Mini Lesson #__

““The Ransom of Red Chief” The Ransom of Red Chief” by O. Henryby O. Henry

Guiding question: What Guiding question: What literary devices does O. Henry literary devices does O. Henry use to enrich his writing?use to enrich his writing?

AllusionAllusion

to refer briefly to another character in history or literature to refer briefly to another character in history or literature to make a comparisonto make a comparison

– Biblical allusionsBiblical allusions::

““we heard a kind of war whoop, such as David might we heard a kind of war whoop, such as David might have emitted when he knocked out the champion have emitted when he knocked out the champion Goliath”Goliath”– small guy conquers the big guysmall guy conquers the big guy

““Sam, do you know who my favorite Biblical character Sam, do you know who my favorite Biblical character is? . . . King Herod”is? . . . King Herod”– ordered the execution of all boys in Bethlehem younger that 2 ordered the execution of all boys in Bethlehem younger that 2

years old (Matthew 2:16)years old (Matthew 2:16)

IronyIrony a surprising contrast between what is expected and what actually a surprising contrast between what is expected and what actually exists or happensexists or happens2 kinds: situational and verbal2 kinds: situational and verbal

Verbal ironyVerbal irony::– ““a town . . . as flat as a flannel-cake . . . called Summit” a town . . . as flat as a flannel-cake . . . called Summit”

summit means “highest point” summit means “highest point” – ““a tender lambkin”a tender lambkin”

Johnny is the oppositeJohnny is the oppositeSituational ironySituational irony::– ““the boy catches Bill neatly in the eye with a piece of brick”the boy catches Bill neatly in the eye with a piece of brick”

you would expect the boy to run away or approach shyly you would expect the boy to run away or approach shyly – ““I never had such fun in all my life”I never had such fun in all my life”

you expect a kidnap victim to miserableyou expect a kidnap victim to miserable– “ “I’ll take you straight home. Now, are you going to be good?”I’ll take you straight home. Now, are you going to be good?”

Sam is threatening to take him home as punishmentSam is threatening to take him home as punishment

““The Lady or the Tiger?” The Lady or the Tiger?” VocabularyVocabulary

exuberant – vigorous and exuberant – vigorous and unrestrainedunrestrained

valor – courage, braveryvalor – courage, bravery assert – to put forward in a assert – to put forward in a

forceful or insistent wayforceful or insistent way decree - an official orderdecree - an official order procure – to obtain or acquireprocure – to obtain or acquire doleful – sad, mournful doleful – sad, mournful subordinate – less important subordinate – less important

or lower in rank, secondaryor lower in rank, secondary retribution – punishment for retribution – punishment for

bad behaviorbad behavior imperious – proud, imperious – proud,

overbearingoverbearing destiny – an unavoidable lot destiny – an unavoidable lot

in life, fatein life, fate moiety – half, portionmoiety – half, portion damsels – young women, damsels – young women,

maidensmaidens

Synonyms or Antonyms???Synonyms or Antonyms???

exuberantexuberant enthusiasticenthusiastic

valorvalor cowardice cowardice assertassert declare declare procureprocure lose lose subordinate primarysubordinate primary retributionretribution

punishmentpunishment imperiousimperious humble humble destinydestiny fate fate decreedecree

proclamationproclamation dolefuldoleful happy happy

““The Kitten” vocabularyThe Kitten” vocabulary

tenement – ghetto tenement – ghetto housinghousingporter – someone paid porter – someone paid to carry bagsto carry bagslurk –to stay in/about a lurk –to stay in/about a place secretlyplace secretlytimidly – shylytimidly – shylybloated – swollen bloated – swollen remote – distantremote – distantplaintively –sadlyplaintively –sadlyirked – annoyedirked – annoyedliteral – meant to be literal – meant to be taken “word for word”taken “word for word”

gaped –to open the mouthgaped –to open the mouthcrouched – to stoop or bend crouched – to stoop or bend downdownrash – spoken in angerrash – spoken in angersensibilities –the ability sensibilities –the ability someone has to feel someone has to feel emotionsemotionsspawned –producedspawned –producedhorde-grouphorde-groupspade – small shovelspade – small shovelgroped – felt for (with your groped – felt for (with your hands)hands)menacing – threatening, menacing – threatening, scaryscaryreproachful-full of blame or reproachful-full of blame or disapprovaldisapproval

Mini Lesson # __Mini Lesson # __

““The Kitten” by Richard WrightThe Kitten” by Richard Wright

GQ: What literary devices GQ: What literary devices

does Wright use to enrich does Wright use to enrich

his writing?his writing?

Point of ViewPoint of View

First person narrationFirst person narration: the story is told : the story is told from the point of view of a character in the from the point of view of a character in the storystory ““Charles” Charles” Laurie’s mom Laurie’s mom ““The Kitten” The Kitten” Richard Richard

Point of view, Point of view, continuedcontinued

It is through the eyes of the character that It is through the eyes of the character that the story unfolds; we learn information the story unfolds; we learn information only as the character learns itonly as the character learns it

AdvantageAdvantage: we know intimate details only a : we know intimate details only a participant could knowparticipant could know

DisadvantageDisadvantage: we (like the character) get : we (like the character) get overly involved and lose our objectivityoverly involved and lose our objectivity

The Tell-Tale Heart The Tell-Tale Heart VocabularyVocabulary

• acute – sharp, keenacute – sharp, keen• conceived – thought ofconceived – thought of• vex – to disturb, annoyvex – to disturb, annoy• stifled – smotheredstifled – smothered• dissimulation – a hiding of dissimulation – a hiding of

one’s true feelingsone’s true feelings• sagacity – sound judgment, sagacity – sound judgment,

intelligenceintelligence• death watches – deathwatch death watches – deathwatch

beetles—wood-burrowing beetles—wood-burrowing insects that make a tapping insects that make a tapping sound with their headssound with their heads

• crevice – crackcrevice – crack• stealthily – cautiously, stealthily – cautiously,

secretlysecretly• hellish tattoo – awful hellish tattoo – awful

drummingdrumming

• waned – approached its endwaned – approached its end• scantlings – small wooden scantlings – small wooden

beams supporting the floorbeams supporting the floor• suavity – smooth suavity – smooth

courteousnesscourteousness• reposed – restedreposed – rested• gesticulations – arm or hand gesticulations – arm or hand

gesturesgestures• dissemble – pretenddissemble – pretend• audacity – shameless daring audacity – shameless daring

or boldnessor boldness• vehemently – with intense vehemently – with intense

emotionemotion• derision – ridiculederision – ridicule• hypocritical – false or hypocritical – false or

deceptive, pretending to be deceptive, pretending to be something you’re notsomething you’re not

The Tell-Tale Heart, The Tell-Tale Heart, continuedcontinued

• Look for the Look for the unrelatedunrelated word: word:1.1. fearlessness, timidity, cowardice, audacityfearlessness, timidity, cowardice, audacity

2.2. insincere, hypocritical, genuine, phonyinsincere, hypocritical, genuine, phony

3.3. crest, crevice, crack, crannycrest, crevice, crack, cranny

4.4. please, vex, gratify, delightplease, vex, gratify, delight

5.5. stifled, muffled, smothered, heightenedstifled, muffled, smothered, heightened

6.6. ridicule, derision, appreciation, insultridicule, derision, appreciation, insult

7.7. passively, weakly, vehemently, calmlypassively, weakly, vehemently, calmly

8.8. acute, dull, insensitive, faintacute, dull, insensitive, faint

9.9. carelessly, quietly, stealthily, cautiouslycarelessly, quietly, stealthily, cautiously

10.10.forgotten, imagined, conceived, formedforgotten, imagined, conceived, formed

Mini Lesson #___Mini Lesson #___

““Birthday Ritual: A Grave Tradition”Birthday Ritual: A Grave Tradition”

G?: What is the typical structure for G?: What is the typical structure for front pages of most newspapers?front pages of most newspapers?

• banner or flagbanner or flag: the name of the : the name of the newspaper usually set off by size, color, newspaper usually set off by size, color, special type, or some other design special type, or some other design featurefeature

• headlineheadline: a short, attention-getting title: a short, attention-getting title• bylinebyline: the name of the reporter: the name of the reporter• datelinedateline: where a story takes place: where a story takes place

Mini Lesson # __Mini Lesson # __

G?: What makes a news story a news story?G?: What makes a news story a news story?• may be a headline article (state, national, or international may be a headline article (state, national, or international

topic )topic )• may be a local article (community, town, or city topic)may be a local article (community, town, or city topic)• tonetone fact-based (not opinions), professional, impersonal, fact-based (not opinions), professional, impersonal,

detacheddetached• Use justified margins (don’t left align, right align, or Use justified margins (don’t left align, right align, or

center)center)• the lead paragraph answersthe lead paragraph answers

– Who was involved?Who was involved?– What happened?What happened?– When?When?– Where?Where?– How did it happen?How did it happen?– Why was the event important?Why was the event important?– The remaining paragraphs fill in detailsThe remaining paragraphs fill in details

Rubric for “Evil Rubric for “Evil Machine”Machine”

• Design an Instrument of MeasurementDesign an Instrument of Measurement– SamplesSamples: ruler, compass, scales, gauge, : ruler, compass, scales, gauge,

speedometer, measuring cup, thermometer, speedometer, measuring cup, thermometer, tape measure, dart board, sports field, report tape measure, dart board, sports field, report card, graph, price tags, grade book, card, graph, price tags, grade book, watch/clock, graduated cylinders, etc.watch/clock, graduated cylinders, etc.

• Select a “catchy” titleSelect a “catchy” title• Compare all 6 characters to show their Compare all 6 characters to show their

relative “evilness”relative “evilness”• Provide at least 25 bullets of support (total)Provide at least 25 bullets of support (total)• attractive appearanceattractive appearance• reflection sheetreflection sheet

The Inner Beast of ManThe Inner Beast of Man

• Laurie in “Charles” Laurie in “Charles” • the community in “The Lottery”the community in “The Lottery”• the king or the princess in “The the king or the princess in “The

Lady or the Tiger?”Lady or the Tiger?”• The narrator of “The Tell-Tale Heart”The narrator of “The Tell-Tale Heart”• Richard in “The Kitten”Richard in “The Kitten”• Johnny in “The Ransom of Red Johnny in “The Ransom of Red

Chief”Chief”