the internet of things the next technology revolution
DESCRIPTION
This presentation provides overview of IoT technology from multifold perspective. It illustrates the IoT technological development areas, Market trends, platforms, IoT research and application trends.TRANSCRIPT
© 2012 MIMOS Berhad. All Rights Reserved.
Usman Sarwar
Internet of Things Lab
Wireless Communication Cluster
Internet of Things: The next technology revolution
3rd International Conference on Network Applications, protocols and Services (NetAPPS) 2012, 20 Sep 2012
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Presentation Outline
• What is IoT?• IoT Technological Developments• Market Trends• IoT Research• IoT Applications
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IoT definition• “Internet of Things: Anytime, anywhere, by anyone and anything.” By ITU, November
2005
• “A global network infrastructure, linking physical and virtual objects through the exploitation of data capture and communication capabilities. This infrastructure includes existing and evolving Internet and network developments. It will offer specific object-identification, sensor and connection capability as the basis for the development of independent cooperative services and applications. These will be characterised by a high degree of autonomous data capture, event transfer, network connectivity and interoperability”. by EU CASAGRAS Project
• “The vision of the internet of things is to attach tiny devices to every single object to make it identifiable by its own unique IP address. These devices can then autonomously communicate with one another.” By FinancialTimes
• “Things with identities & virtual personalities operating in smart spaces using intelligent interfaces to connect and communicate within social, environmental, and user contexts.” by MIMOS Bhd
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Characteristics of IoT
Internet of Things
ComputingAnytime
Any content
ContentAnyone
Anybody
CollectionAny Service
Any Business
CommunicationAny path
Any Network
ConnectivityAny placeAnywhere
ConvergenceAnything
Any device
“We are heading into a new era of ubiquity, where the users of the Internet will be counted in billions, and where humans may become the minority as generators and receivers of traffic. Changes brought about by the Internet will be dwarfed by those prompted by the networking of everyday objects “ – UN report
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Importance
• IoT will be the most important industrial trend in the next 10 years.
• By 2020, IoT can become a new round of growth, potentially trillion dollar industry.
• US, China and Korean upgraded IoT to a national strategic level industry
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IoT Challenges
User based Interaction
Machine to Machine
Millions of connections
Trillions of connections
Little mobility
High Mobility
Data Information
User Managed Self Managed
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Today’s Internet of Things “behaviour”
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Real-time location-based info.
74%Weather apps60%
Maps/Navigation/ Search
51%Health apps29%
Want connected system in car
60%
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Share more
content
From more
resources
Withmore
people
more often
more quickly
Moti
vato
rs
Payment apps71%
User Experience with enriched services/products
Source: TrendsSpottting; IBM; Gartner; Ericsson
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GLOBAL IOT TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS
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Internet Revolution
Today
• 1.5 B internet enabled PC• >1B Internet enabled cell
phones
2020
• 50-100 B devices connected to Internet
• No. of mobile machine sessions will be 30x higher than mobile person sessions
• 100,000 B objects connected
1990’sWWW
2000’sMobile Internet
New era Internet of Things
19th CenturyMachines learn to do
20th CenturyMachines learn to think
21st CenturyMachines learn to perceive (sense
& respond)
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Evolution of Connected Devices
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Source: Cisco IBSG, April 2011
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Challenges
• Standardization• Heterogeneous platforms, communication
and software data sources and formats• Hardware, software and data compatibility• Making gap smaller between people and
technology• Building robust applications• Interoperability
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IoT Technological DevelopmentsDevelopment Areas Before 2010 2010-2015 >2015
Identification Technologies
•Different Schemes•Domain specific IDs•ISO, GS1, u-code, IPv6, etc
•Unified framework for unique identifiers•Open framework for IoT•URIs
•Identity Management•Semantics•Privacy-awareness•“Things DNA” identifier
IoT Architecture Technology
•IoT architecture specification•Context-sensitive middleware•Intelligent reasoning platforms
•IoT architecture developments•Network of networks architecture•IoT architecture in the FI•F-O-T platforms interoperability
•Adaptive, context based architectures•Self-* properties•Cognitive architectures•Experiential architecture
Communication Technology
•RFID, UWB, Wi-Fi, WiMax, Bluetooth, ZigBee, ISA100, 6LoWPAN
•Ultra low power chipsets, system on chip•On chip antennas•Millimeter wave single chips•Ultra low power single chip radios•Ultra low power system on chip•Mobility•Heterogeneity
•Wide spectrum and spectrum aware protocol•Unified protocol over wide spectrum
Network Technology •Sensor networks •Self aware & self organizing network•Delay tolerance networks•Storage networks and power networks•Hybrid networking technologies•Sensor network location transparency
•Network context awareness•Network cognition•Self learning, self repairing network
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IoT Technological DevelopmentsDevelopment Areas Before 2010 2010-2015 >2015
Software and Algorithm
•Relational database integration •IoT oriented RDBMS•Event-based platforms•Sensor middleware•Sensor network middleware•Proximity / localization algorithms
•Large scale, open semantic software modules•Next generation IoT-based social software•Next generation IoT-based enterprise applications
•Distributed intelligence, problem solving•The invisible IoT•Easy to deploy IoT software•Things to Human collaborations •IoT for all
Hardware •RFID tags and sensors•Sensors build in mobile devices•NFC in mobile phones•Smaller and cheaper•MEMs technology
•Multi protocol, multi standards reader•More sensors and actuators•Secure, low cost tags, sensors
•Smart sensors (Bio-chem)•More sensors and actuators (tiny sensors)•Nano-technology and new materials
Data & Signal Processing Technology
•Serial data processing•Parallel data processing•Quality of services
•Energy, frequency spectrum aware data processing,•Data processing context adaptable
•Context aware data processing and•data responses•Cognitive processing and•optimisation
Discovery and Search Engine Technology
•Sensor network ontologies•Domain specific name services
•Distributed registries, search and•discovery mechanisms•Semantic discovery of sensors and sensor data
•Automatic route tagging and•Identification•Automatic route tagging and•identification management centres•Cognitive search engines•Autonomous search engines
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IoT Technological DevelopmentsDevelopment Areas Before 2010 2010-2015 >2015
Power and Energy Storage Technologies
•Thin batteries•Li-Ion•Flat batteries•Power optimized systems•(energy management)•Energy harvesting (electrostatic,•piezoelectric)•Short and medium range•wireless power
•Energy harvesting •Printed batteries•Long range wireless power
•Self-Power•Energy recycling•Wireless power•Biodegradable batteries•Nano-power processing unit
Security and Privacy Technologies
•Security mechanism and protocol defined (RFID & WSN)•Security mechanisms and protocols for RFID and WSN•devices
•User centric context-aware privacy and policy•Privacy aware data processing
•Security & Privacy profiles based on needs•Privacy needs automatic evaluation•Context centric security•Self adaptive security mechanisms and protocols
Material Technology •Silicon, Cu, Al Metallization•3D processes
•SiC, GaN•Silicon•Improved/new semiconductor manufacturing processes / technologies for•higher temperature ranges
•Diamond
Standardization •RFID security•Passive RFID with expanded memory and read/write capability
•IoT standardization•M2M •Interoperability
•Standards for cross interoperability with heterogeneous networks
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The Next Big Internet
Internet of ThingsTrillion nodes
Fringe InternetBillion nodes
Core InternetMillion nodes
Smart metering
Transportation
Logistics
Industrial Automation
Personal sensors
Phones
Building Automation
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IoT General Roadmap
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Standards related to IoT
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MARKET TREND
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• New Strategic Industries• Facilitating restructuring of industry• New public services • Technological innovations
Significance
Internet of Things : Hierarchy of Needs
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Consumer Enterprise
Cost saving
Safety
Safety & security of personal & asset
Physiological/ Necessities
Health, food & utilities supply and comfort shelter
Employee satisfaction
EsteemEmpowerment,
Autonomously & Self-determined
New source of revenue
Customer satisfaction
Self-actualization
Personal fulfillment
Organization agility
Revenue generation
CollaborationLove/ Belonging
Socialization; Personalization
• Retail & Media [US$16.2B; CAGR @ 8.2%]
• Insurance [US$24B]
• Education
• Home security [US$12B; CAGR@33%]
• Industrial [US$46B]• Agriculture
[US$2B; CAGR@11%]
• Healthcare [US$12B; CAGR@36%]
• Utilities [US$16B]
• Logistics & Transportation [US$106B; CAGR @ 22%]
• Banking• Public safety [US$16.2B]
• Automotive – Telematics [US$37B; CAGR @ 27%]
Note: Figure indicate forecast revenue in 2015 in US$ billion; CAGR for 2011-2015
IoT : Blueprint20
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Internet of things value proposition
IoT : Blueprint © 2012 MIMOS Berhad. All Rights Reserved.
Hum
an b
ased
High intelligent @Dynamic environment @ System
Low intelligent @Static environment @ device
Information mining [US$47B] Automation & Monitor [US$25B]
Artificial Intelligence [US$95B]
Mac
hine
bas
e
Decision support [US$30B]
• Data collection• Embedded devices
• Static devices• Routine process• Process optimization• Optimize resource
consumption
• Complex autonomous sys.• Situational awareness• Smart system• Intelligent robotics• Experience enhancement
• Sensor driven analysis• New Knowledge generation
Strategic value
proposition
Note: [ ] indicates forecast global market revenue by 2017
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IoT market space in 2020 with presence of ~50 billion connected devices : US$2 trillion
Source: Smart 2020; Machine Research; KPMG; Ericson; http://engage.acma.gov.au/mobile-broadband-2020/
1000X data traffic growth with revenue opportunity : US$700B
Business revenue : US$ 1.2 trillion
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Market attractiveness : US$3.1 trillion by 2014
Source: Harbor Research Inc. 2010
(US$ B)
(US$ B)
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Rise of Machines
Year 2020 scenario……
IoT : Blueprint© 2012 MIMOS Berhad. All Rights Reserved.
Internet connected devices
50BUtility meters
3B +
Mobile consumers with 7 connected devices
7.6 B• People with chronic welfare
diseases
• Automotive & transportation
1B +
Mobile Computing & M2M
US$77BConnected life spending
US$4.7TAnnual mobile monitoring devices & services
US$43B
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RFID
US$20B
Source: TrendsSpottting; IBM; Gartner; Ericsson
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IOT RESEARCH
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•Costs of energy, transport and health
•Huge inefficiency in energy, transport and health related processes
•Environmental threat
•Security threat•Untapped
potentials of ICT as smart enablers
Drivers
•Energy distribution and management
•Transport, mobility, architecture, urban planning
•Production, waste disposal, recycling
•Health, well being•Sports, leisure,
culture
Opportunities
Today’s Drivers and Opportunities
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Enablement technologies
Dev
ice
Networ
kIntelligence
Energy
Stan
dard
izatio n
• Power mgmt. system
• Power & energy storage
• Security• Privacy
• Identity access mgmt.• Authentication &
Authorization• Standards
• IoT architecture• Network discovery• Communication• Infrastructure• Relationship
network management
• Cost effective Identification mgmt/tagging mechanism
• Hardware : Miniaturization, self-managed
• Computing power• Storage• Software & Algorithms
• Data aggregation• Data & signal processing• Data integration/fusion• Discovery & search engine• Object/Sensor/RFID-based
apps.• Analytical tools• Intelligence tools
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Interaction between IoT and IoS
Better processes and better decision making
Execution and
Control
Monitoring and
Awareness
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IoT Global Research Need Before 2010 2010-2015 >2015
IoT Architecture Technology
•Intranet •Extranet •Internet (global scale applications, global interoperability)
Communication Technology
•Zigbee, 6LoWPAN, UWB
•Long range•Protocols for interoperability
•Plug and play tags•On Chip networks and multi standard RF architectures•Self configuring protocol, seamless networks
Network Technology
•Broadband Different networks (WSN, mobile networks)
•Cloud network•Hybrid network•Ad hoc network formation•Self organising wireless mesh networks•Multi authentication
•Integrated/universal authentication•Internet of Everything
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IoT Global Research NeedBefore 2010 2010-2015 >2015
Software and Algorithm
•Service oriented architectures•Embedded software
•Micro operating systems•Self management and control•Scalable autonomous software
•Evolving software•Self reusable software•Autonomous things
• Self configurable• Self healing• Self management
Hardware •MEMS•Low power circuits, chipsets, tags
•Antenna on chip •Collaborative tags•Self powering sensors•Biodegradable antennas
Security and Privacy Technologies
•Power efficient security algorithms
•Adaptation of symmetric encryption and public key algorithms from active to passive tags
•Context based security•Service triggered security•Cognitive security systems
Standardization •WSN•RFID•M2M
•Adoption of standards for “intelligent” IoT devices
•Evolutionary standards
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IOT APPLICATIONS
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• Gathering of information from various implementation scenarios based on the following parameters
Requirements
Parameters Description
Deployment •Pre-planned, scattered
Mobility •Nodes are static, low mobility, high mobility
Network Size •Small to high density nodes
Power Source •Battery operated, mains-powered, mix-mode
Security •Business critical, safety critical and not critical
Multi-hop Communication •Mesh topology, star topology, ad-hoc
Connectivity •Always connected, intermittent
Traffic Pattern •P2P, P2MP, MP2P
QoS Limited to High level of QoS
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Application Use-cases
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Use Cases
Logistics
Vehicle Tracking
Car Park Management
Traffic Management
Health
Hospital
Tele Health Monitoring
Animal Health
Military
Soldier Monitoring
Vehicle Monitoring
Battle Management
Environment
Forest Monitoring
Sea Monitoring
Smart Home & Office
Security & Management
Personnel Tracking
Asset Tracking
Child Monitoring
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Comm. between Gateway and Personnel Tracking Application (IP Communication)Comm. between Tracking node and the Gateway (802.15.4 Communication)
WCC Personnel Tracking Deployment
INTERNET
Personel Tracking System
Mobile Personnel TrackingApplication
Gateway-2 Gateway-1
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PLATFORMS
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Some of the players in IoTHP CeNSE
FP7 E-SENSE
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IoT Research around the worldOrganization Research
European Commission – Internet of Things
•The research is divided into groups and many organizations involve in various IoT research
Pachubewww.pachube.com
•Data brokerage platform for the internet of things, managing millions of data points per day from thousands of individuals, organisations & companies around the world.
HP CeNSE •Dramatically improve the manageability, power, and availability of future computing systems.•Significantly improve performance/cost of systems by leveraging future technology (e.g., nanophotonics, memristors, etc.).•Build new scalable, reliable and cost-effective cloud storage systems and develop systems to deal with the information explosion of unstructured data.•Advance coding, compression, and other information-theoretic technologies in support of next-generation memories, massive sensor networks, storage systems, and high-reliability computing.
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Nike + shoes
• The most well-known example of sensors in a non computing device.
• The shoes come with a sensor that tracks individual run and sends the data to iPod. It even has its own social network and can automatically tweet and post a status report on Facebook.
• Nike + can be set up to automatically post to Foursquare.
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Smart Public Transportation System•Backhaul – 4G, WiMAX, GSM, HSDPA•GPS Module•802.15.4 Module•Environmental Sensors attached• Gas Sensors: CO, CO2, NO2• Weather Sensors:
Temperature, Air Pressure, Humidity
• 802.15.4 Module
Internal sensors•Movement detection sensor (for detecting the number of passengers)
user
EthernetADSLFiberHSDPA
HSDPA/WiMAX/LTE
SPT Server
Mobile Device
IoT Infor-Board
SPT
Station
Payment System•NFC device•Mobile payment
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Conclusion
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